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Barraux | |
|---|---|
 The town hall and church of Barraux | |
 Location of Barraux | |
  Barraux  Barraux | |
| Coordinates:45°26′07″N5°58′42″E / 45.4353°N 5.9783°E /45.4353; 5.9783 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes |
| Department | Isère |
| Arrondissement | Grenoble |
| Canton | Le Haut-Grésivaudan |
| Intercommunality | CC Le Grésivaudan |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2021–2026) | Christophe Engrand[1] |
Area 1 | 11 km2 (4.2 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[2] | 2,016 |
| • Density | 180/km2 (470/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 38027 /38530 |
| Elevation | 241–950 m (791–3,117 ft) (avg. 360 m or 1,180 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Barraux (French pronunciation:[baʁo]) is acommune in theIsèredepartment in southeasternFrance. It includes the hamlets of Le Fayet, La Gache, and the 15th century fort, Fort Barraux.
Barraux has the village of Chapareillan to the north; La Buissiere, Le Boissieu and La Flachere to the south; Pontcharra to the east and Sainte-Marie-du-Mont, on the Plateau des Petites Roches to the west. It is situated in the valley of the Gresivaudan through which the Isère river flows.
The inhabitants of Barraux are calledBarrolins.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 800 | — |
| 1975 | 871 | +1.22% |
| 1982 | 939 | +1.08% |
| 1990 | 1,214 | +3.26% |
| 1999 | 1,474 | +2.18% |
| 2007 | 1,801 | +2.54% |
| 2012 | 1,897 | +1.04% |
| 2017 | 1,886 | −0.12% |
| Source: INSEE[3] | ||
The village of Barraux was probably founded as part of thesupply chain to feed the fort Barraux built byCharles Emmanuel II to act as a border fort. In 1985, the fort was given back to the village of Barraux by the French army.
Fort Saint Barthélémy (eventually Fort Barraux) is the oldest fort using bastions in France. It was built in 1597 and its aspects have changed very little over the past 400 years. The general layout invented by the Piedmontese architectErcole Negro was left almost intact by its followers: A fortress with an extendedstar shape with a narrow end, including manybastions and ditches.
The fort was captured soon after its completion byLesdiguières, the Constable ofDauphiné. A few enhancements were undertaken by the engineers ofKing Henry IV but didn't affect its general layout.
Vauban, Fortress Inspector in Chief ofKing Louis XIV in the late 17th century didn't change the arrangement of bastions and curtains. He instead improved the various buildings inside the fort: two barracks, the well, the chapel, the largepowder magazine and the gate house; as well as expanding the fortifications internally and externally.
Original held atBibliothèque Municipale of Grenoble. Engineers improved the fort, but kept the general layout designed by Ercole Negro.
When Vauban arrived at the fort in 1692 he was extremely negative about what was achieved by its predecessors. He asked for the improvement of the most obvious weaknesses:
Barraux istwinned with:
Lanhouarneau, France
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