| Barakzai بارکزی | |
|---|---|
| Country |
|
| Founded | 1700s(Rulers of Afghanistan from 1823 to 1973) |
| Founder | Dost Mohammad Khan |
| Current head | Disputed |
| Final ruler | Mohammad Daoud Khan (asauthoritarian President) |
| Titles | Emir of Afghanistan King of Afghanistan President of Afghanistan Sardar (Prince) of Afghanistan Father of the Nation Head of the House of Barakzai Ruler of Kandahar |
| Estate(s) | Afghanistan,Khyber Pashtunkhwa andBalochistan |
| Deposition | 1978 (Saur Revolution) |
TheBarakzai dynasty,[a] also known as theMuhammadzai dynasty ("the ruling sub-clan of theBarakzai"),[1][2][3][4] ruled what is nowAfghanistan from 1823 to 1978, when the monarchy endedde jure underMusahibanMohammad Zahir Shah andde facto under his cousinMohammad Daoud Khan. The Barakzai dynasty was established byDost Mohammad Khan after theDurrani Empire ofAhmad Shah Durrani was removed from power.[5][6]
The Barakzai dynasty was the line of rulers in Afghanistan in the 19th and 20th centuries. Following the fall of theDurrani Empire in 1823, chaos reigned in the domains ofAhmad Shah Durrani'sAfghan Empire as various sons ofTimur Shah struggled for supremacy. The Afghan Empire ceased to exist as a singlenation state, disintegrating for a brief time into a fragmented collection of small units.Dost Mohammad Khan gained preeminence alongside his brother,Sultan Mohammad Khan in 1823.Dost Mohammad Khan would found the Barakzai dynasty in about 1837. Thereafter, hisdescendants ruled in direct succession until 1929, when KingAmanullah Khan and his brotherInayatullah Khan abdicated and their cousinMohammed Nadir Shah secured the throne after defeatingHabibullah Kalakani. The most prominent and powerful sub-clan of the Barakzai Pashtun tribe is theMohammadzai, from which the 1823–1973 Afghanistan ruling dynasty comes.[7]
Prior the seizing of the Durrani empire by the Barakzai dynasty,Loy Qandahar was captured by the Dil Brothers,Sher Dil Khan,Pur Dil Khan,Kohan Dil Khan,Mehr Dil Khan andRahim Dil Khan, in the year 1818 and declared their independence, which lasted as an independent state until 1855, when Amir Dost Mohammad Khan unified Qandahar with Kabul.[8]
At the start of Barakzai rule overEmirate of Kabul in March 1823, the Afghans lost their former stronghold of thePeshawar Valley to theSikh Khalsa Army ofRanjit Singh at theBattle of Nowshera. The Afghan forces in the battle were supported byAzim Khan, half-brother of Dost Mohammad Khan. During the Barakzai era, Afghanistan saw much of its territory lost to theBritish in the south and east,Persia in the west, and Russia in the north. There were also many conflicts within Afghanistan, including the three majorAnglo-Afghan wars and the1928–29 civil war.
The Royal Barakzai or "Muhammadzai" are the descendants of the founder of the Barakzai dynasty the Emir ul Umara (Emir of all Emirs) Payindah Mohammed Khan, who plotted against the Durrani Imperial Family, proclaiming himself Emir. The hereditary titleSardar (Prince) is bestowed upon all descendants of Emir Payindah Mohammed.[9]
The Seraj cadet-branch are the descendants of EmirDost Mohammed Khan, who alongside his predecessor and brotherSultan Mohammad Khan consolidated Barakzai rule in Afghanistan. The Seraj were mainly the Emirs of the firstEmirate of Afghanistan that ended with theSaqqawist Coup led byHabibullah Kalakani. With support from the royal family, the Telai cadet branch killed Kalakani and re-established the second Barakzai Kingdom.
The Telai cadet-branch are the descendants ofSultan Mohammad Khan "Telai", 2nd Emir of Afghanistan succeeding his father Payindah Mohammed Khan. The descendants of His Royal Highness Prince Yahya Khan Telai (Yahya-Khel) to whom Nadir Shah andZahir Shah belonged were closely related toAmanullah Khan through marriages.[10]
Another Telai branch that had immense power in Afghanistan's military was that of His Royal Highness Field Marshal Prince Abdul Aziz Khan Telai and his children. Prince Abdul Aziz Telai was son ofthe Afghan King HM Sultan Mohammed Khan Telai and acted as a Field Marshal of the Afghan Army, preceding his grand-nephewMuhammad Nadir Shah as Minister of war under his other grand-nephewKing Amanullah Khan. Prince Abdul Aziz additionally acted as Governor ofKandahar andBadakhshan. His eldest son was Prince Abdul Qayyum Khan, who acted as Governor of many central Afghan Provinces. Prince Abdul Qayyum Khan's son was the Afghan father of physics and Royal Afghan UN ambassador Professor Prince Abdul Khalek Khan Telai, who was aMurid (religious novice) of his father-in-law Mir Muhammad Jan son of Mir Fazlullah Agha. Prince Abdul Khalek's descendants consequently call themselves the Mir Muhammad Jan Khel and chose the surname Dakik (Persian for "Exact") after theSaur Revolution. Next to the title Sultan (aboveSardar/Prince but belowShah/King),[11] they also bear the titleMir andSayyid to denote their descent toMuhammad through General Mir Muhammad Jan.[12][13]
Another known son of Prince Abdul Aziz was Field Marshal Prince Amir Muhammad Khan Telai, who proclaimed himself Shah in exile in Peshawar contesting the rule of his rival cousinMohammad Nadir Shah, siding with theBritish. His son Assadullah, whose nickname was "Sharza" became ageneral in theUS Air Force, representing Telai interests inWashington DC.[12][13]
Another well known son of Prince Abdul Aziz was Brigade General Sardar Abdul Ghafar Khan, who acted as commander of the Personal Royal Brigade of his cousinKing Nadir Shah. Prince Abdul Ghafar Khan executed theAmanist Charkhi family, who had plotted against his cousinHM King Nadir Shah. These executions made by Prince Abdul Ghaffar Khan led to Ghulam Nabi Khan Charkhi's daughter convincing a HazaraAmanist called Abdul Khaliq Hazaragi to take revenge for the Charkhi family's massacre and murderKing Nadir Shah.[12][13]
The Shaghasi cadet-branch is another prominent and powerful sub-tribe of Barakzai, descending from the brothers of Emir Sultan Mohammed Khan and Emir Dost Mohammed Khan.[14]
Shaghasi Khel are descendants of Mirdaad Khan Barakzai,Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") during the reign of the KandahariSardars (Dost Muhammad Khan's brothers), as well as the reign ofDost Muhammad Khan 1863 – 1866 and 1868 – 1879. His father, Bazar Khan Barakzai was a local Barakzai chief, and his grandfather wasSardar Yasin KhanOmar Khanzai (Barakzai), resident of Maruf District (at that time part of Arghistan District) of Kandahar, and one of the notable Sardars of Kandahar during the reigns ofTimur Shah Durrani[15][16] and brother to Muhammad of theMohammadzai. The Shaghasi's were even more powerful than theMohammadzai's during the ruling of EmirSher Ali Khan – Emir of Afghanistan, and EmirAmanullah Khan – Emir of Afghanistan (February 28, 1919 – 1926), later King of Afghanistan (1926 – January 14, 1929). Prominent Afghan historian, Abdul Hai Habibi denotes that during KingAmanullah Khan's reign, the former governor of Kabul was Mahmoud Khan Yawar and the later one was Ali Ahmad Khan (both Shaghasi) Barakzai. Abdul Aziz Khan (later Minister of war, and Prime Minister, Mohammad Sarwar Khan and Abdul Karim Khan wereNaib -ul- Hukuma's (all of them were Shaghasi) Barakzai. In Mazar-e-Sharif and Herat Abdul Karim and Mohammad Ibrahim Khan (later Minister) were alsoKhan Naib -ul- Hukuma's, and Abdul Rahman and Nik Mohammad Khan wereFirqa Meshar (all of them were Shaghasi) Barakzai. Abdul Karim Khan in Paktya, and Dost Mahammad Khan Nazim (laterNaibSalar, Sipah
Salar, Dar-ul-Adalat, and Hakim-e-Ala) in Ghazni, Uruzgan and Kandahar
were equally (Shaghasi) Barakzai, Mohammad Alam Khan in Lugar and Kuchi and other governors were the same.[17] To the Shaghasi Khel is relatedKing Amanullah Khan's mother Queen Sarwar Sultana Begum,Sirajul-Khwatin, theAliyaHazrat (b. at Kabul, 1875;d. at Istanbul, Turkey, 1965), eldest daughter ofLoinab Sher Dil Khan Shaghasi, by his third wife, Benazir Begum, a lady from the Popalzai clan.[18]
Ali Ahmad KhanShaghasi (1883–1929) who was declared Emir of Afghanistan twice in 1929 son of GeneralLoinab Khushdil Khan, sometime Governor of Kabul and Kandahar, by his wife Sahira Begum, daughter ofAmir al-Mumenin, Amir al-Kabir, Amir Dost Muhammad Khan, Amir of Afghanistan, by his wife, a daughter of Agha Muhammad Qizilbash was also Shaghasi Barakzai. Ali Ahmad's sister,the Ulya Mukhadara Zarin Jan Begum was the mother ofHumaira Begum who was the Queen consort of Afghanistan.[19]
Principality of Kandahar (1818–1855)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sher Dil Khan | 1818 | July 1828 | Sardar Sher Dil Khan son of Sardar Payendah Khan, grand son of Sardar Jamal Khan Barakzai. Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai' son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, grand son of Sardar Yasin Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). | Barakzai |  | |
| Pur Dil Khan | 1828 | 1830 | Sardar Pur Dil Khan' son of Sardar Payendah Khan, grand son of Sardar Jamal Khan Barakzai. Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai' son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, grand son of Sardar Yasin Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). | Barakzai |  | |
| Kohan Dil Khan | 1792–1855 | 1818 | 1855 | Sardar Kohan Dil Khan' son of Sardar Payendah Khan, grand son of Sardar Jamal Khan Barakzai.Acted as King of Qandahar.[20] Son of Sardar Payendah Khan. Was also Regent ofBamiyan and military regent ofKashmir. Was buried at the shrine of Hz. Ge Baba in Qandahar, used as mausoleum for the Qandahari Kings. Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai' son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, grand son of Sardar Yasin Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). | Barakzai |  |
| Rahim Dil Khan[b] | 1855 | 1855 | Son of Sardar Kohan Dil Khan, grand son of Sardar Payendah Khan Barakzai. was in 1838 regent ofFarah | Barakzai | ||
| Dost Mohammad Khan | 1855 | Unified the principality of Qandahar with the Emirate of Kabul to Emirate of Afghanistan. | Barakzai |
Emirate of Afghanistan
(Emirate of Kabul 1823–1855)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sultan Mohammad Khan
| 1792–1834 | 1823 | 1826 (resigned) | Regent of Kabul and of Peshawar; Son of Sardar Payendah Khan, brother of Dost Mohammad Khan | Barakzai |  |
| Dost Mohammad Khan (1st reign)
| 23 December 1792 – 9 June 1863 | Summer 1826 | 6 August 1839 (deposed) | Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai' son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, grand son of Sardar Yasin Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Son of Sardar Payendah Khan, grand son of Sardar Jamal Khan Barakzai Forged campaigns to re-unite Afghanistan which was divided due to the civil wars between the sons of Timur Shah Durrani. Reign disputed from 1839 to 1842 byShah Shuja Durrani in theFirst Anglo-Afghan War | Barakzai |  |
| Mohammad Akbar Khan | 1816–1847 | May 1842 | 1843 | Shaghasi Shir Mohammad Khan' son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, grand son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Son of Dost Mohammad Khan, grand son of Sardar Payendah Khan Barakzai | Barakzai |  |
| Dost Mohammad Khan (2nd reign)
| 23 December 1792 – 9 June 1863 | 1843 | 9 June 1863 | Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai' son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, grand son of Sardar Yasin Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Son of Sardar Payendah Khan, grand son of Sardar Jamal Khan Barakzai Loynab Shir Dil Khan Shaghasi' son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, grand son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") 1856. Returned to the throne after the British and Shah Shuja were defeated in the First Anglo-Afghan War. Coined the term "Afghanistan" after an alliance with the British. Went on to defeat the remaining powers inside Afghanistan[21], reunifying the country after a brutal civil war lasting 70 years from 1793 to 1863 by the time of his death | Barakzai | |
| Sher Ali Khan (1st reign) | 1825 – 21 February 1879 | 9 June 1863 | May 1866 (deposed) | Loynab Shir Dil Khan Shaghasi' son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, grand son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Son of Dost Mohammad Khan, grad son of Sardar Payendah Khan | Barakzai | _Amir_of_Afghanistan%2c_photographed_in_1869_by_John_Burke.jpg) |
| Mohammad Afzal Khan | 1815 – 7 October 1867 | May 1866 | 7 October 1867 | Son of Dost Mohammad Khan | Barakzai |  |
| Mohammad Azam Khan | 1820–1870 | 7 October 1867 | 21 August 1868 | Son of Dost Mohammad Khan | Barakzai |  |
| Sher Ali Khan (2nd reign) | 1825 – 21 February 1879 | 9 September 1868 | 21 February 1879 | Loynab Shir Dil Khan Shaghasi' son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, grand son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Son of Dost Mohammad Khan, grand son of Sardar Payendah Khan. Mohammad Yusof Khan Shaghasi' son of Loynab Shir Dil Khan Shaghasi, grand son of Shaghasi, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). 1874 | Barakzai | |
| Mohammad Yaqub Khan | 1849 – 15 November 1923 | 21 February 1879 | 12 October 1879 (deposed) | Sardar Attaullah Khan Shaghasi' son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, grand son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Son of Sher Ali Khan, grand son of Dost Mohammad Khan Deposed during theSecond Anglo-Afghan War | Barakzai |  |
Mohammad Ayub Khan
| 1857 – 7 April 1914 | 12 October 1879 | 31 May 1880 (deposed) | Ghazi Khoshdil Khan Shaghasi' son of Loynab Shir Dil Khan Shaghasi, grand son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"), and the second commander in the Battle of Maiwand. Later Kamkainaab, Loynaad, Governor of Kabul, Balkh and Kandahar during the reigns of Sher Ali Khan, Habibullah Khan, and Amanullah Khan. Son of Sher Ali Khan, grand son Dost Mohammad Khan. Defeated in theBattle of Kandahar against Abdur Rahman Khan and exiled at the end of the Second Anglo-Afghan War | Barakzai |  |
Abdur Rahman Khan
| 1840/44 – 1 October 1901 | 31 May 1880 | 1 October 1901 | Sardar Mohammad Sarwar Khan Shaghasi (Baba)' son of Sardar Attaullah Khan Shaghasi, gran son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Son of Mohammad Afzal Khan, grand son of Dost Mohammad Khan | Barakzai |  |
Habibullah Khan
| 3 June 1872 – 20 February 1919 | 1 October 1901 | 20 February 1919 | Mohammad Shah Khan Shaghasi' son of Sardar Amir Mohammad Shaghasi, gran son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") when Habibullah Khan was still a Crown prince. Nazim Dost Mohammad Khan Shaghasi' son of Sardar Amir Mohammad Shaghasi, gran son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Later Nazim (Leading Commander of Central Afghanistan), Nayabsalar (Lieutenant General), Sepahsalaar (General), the first Dar-ul-Adalat (Minister of Justice), Hakim-e-Ala (Great Governor) of Ghazni, Uruzgan and Kandahar during the reigns of Abdur Rahman Khan, Habibullah Khan, and Amanullah Khan. Son of Abdur Rahman Khan, grand son of Mohammad Afzal Khan | Barakzai | |
| Nasrullah Khan | 1874–1920 | 20 February 1919 | 28 February 1919 (deposed) | Khwaja Mohammad Khan Shaghasi' son of Sardar Amir Mohammad Shaghasi, gran son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") when Nasrullah Khan was Hakim (Governor) of Qalaat. Nazim Dost Mohammad Khan Shaghasi' son of Sardar Amir Mohammad Shaghasi, gran son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Later Nazim (Leading Commander of Central Afghanistan), Nayabsalar (Lieutenant General), Sepahsalaar (General), the first Dar-ul-Adalat (Minister of Justice), Hakim-e-Ala (Great Governor) of Ghazni, Uruzgan and Kandahar during the reigns of Abdur Rahman Khan, Habibullah Khan, and Amanullah Khan. Son of Abdur Rahman Khan, grand son of Mohammad Afzal Khan | Barakzai |  |
| Amanullah Khan | 1 June 1892 – 25 April 1960 | 28 February 1919 | 9 June 1926 | Yawar Mahmoud Khan Shaghasi' son of Mohammad Shah Khan Shaghasi, grand son of Sardar Amir Mohammad Shaghasi, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Later the first Yawar Awal (Vice president), and Governor of Kabul during the reign of Amanullah Khan. Son of Habibullah Khan, grand son of Abdur Rahman Khan | Barakzai |  |
Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926–1929)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amanullah Khan | 1 June 1892 – 25 April 1960 | 9 June 1926 | 14 January 1929 (abdicated) | Yawar Mahmoud Khan Shaghasi' son of Mohammad Shah Khan Shaghasi, grand son of Sardar Amir Mohammad Shaghasi, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Later the first Yawar Awal (Vice president), and Governor of Kabul during the reign of Amanullah Khan. Son of Habibullah Khan, grand son of Abdur Rahman Khan | Barakzai | |
| Inayatullah Khan | 20 October 1888 – 12 August 1946 | 14 January 1929 | 17 January 1929 (deposed) | Abdul Habib Khan Shaghasi' son of Mohammad Shah Khan Shaghasi, grand son of Sardar Amir Mohammad Shaghasi, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). Later Minister of Education during the reign of Amanullah Khan. Son of Habibullah Khan, grand son of Abdur Rahman Khan | Barakzai |  |
Saqqawist Emirate and the1928–1929 civil war
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ali Ahmad Khan | 1883 – 11 July 1929 | 17 January 1929. 23 June 1929 | 9 February 1929. 3 July 1929 | Son ofGhazi Khoshdil Khan Shaghasi, grand son of Loynab Shir Dil Khan Shaghasi. Declared twice as King; rose inopposition to Kalakāni during the 1928–29 civil war; captured and executed | Barakzai |  |
| Amanullah Khan | 1 June 1892 – 25 April 1960 | March 1929 | Son of Habibullah Khan, grand son of Abdur Rahman Khan Former King;returned to Afghanistan to contest the throne during the 1928–29 civil war; eventually retreated back intoBritish India;[22] See alsoAmanullah loyalism | Barakzai | |
Kingdom of Afghanistan (restored; 1929–1973)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mohammed Nadir Shah | 9 April 1883 – 8 November 1933 | 15 October 1929[23] | 8 November 1933 | Great-nephew of Dost Mohammed Khan Assassinated byAbdul Khaliq Hazara[24] | Barakzai |  |
Mohammed Zahir Shah
| 15 October 1914 – 23 July 2007 | 8 November 1933 | 17 July 1973 (deposed) | Son of Mohammed Nadir Shah Deposed by first cousinMohammed Daoud Khan in the1973 coup d'état | Barakzai |  |
Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mohammad Daoud Khan | 1909–1978 | 17 July 1973 | 28 April 1978 | Prince of the Barakzai Dynasty as great grandson ofSultan Mohammed Khan Telai De jure no monarch, butde facto continuation of an authoritarian Barakzai Leadership Murdered in theSaur Revolution | Barakzai |  |
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The principal language of the Barakzai isPashto. Formerly,Persian was used as the language for records and correspondence; until the late nineteenth century tombstones were also inscribed in Persian.[citation needed] The language of the Barakzai tribes inPishin,Quetta,Gulistan and Dukki (District. Loralai) is just like the language spoken inKandahar. Those who have settled away from Pishin speak local languages (Pushto), such asMultani orSaraiki inMultan,Hindko inHazara,Urdu inBhopal andSindhi inSindh. Barakzai, a dialect ofPashto, is the language spoken byHarnai Barakzai.[26][27][28]
The Barakzai are adherents to the Sunni Sufi branch of Islam, following mostly theHanafi school of Jurispudence andMaturidi school of theology. In the historySardar Ata Mohammad Khan Barakzai, another brother ofSultan Mohammed Khan Telai, acting as Governor ofKashmir underShah Shuja Durrani issued coins in honor of the Sufi SaintNund Rishi and renovated his shrine.[29] Some Barakzai including the Mir Muhammad Jan Khel sub-cadet branch of the Telai (known by the surname Dakik) are following theHanbali school of jurispudence andAthari school of Theology.[30]
AsSufis the Barakzais are devotees ofMuhammad's cousin and son in lawAli ibn Abi Talib, who according toAfghans is buried inMazar Sharif. TheEmirs andKings acted as custodians of the "Hazrat Ali Mazar". Kings who are buried in theHazrat Ali Shrine Complex are the following:[31]
It is because of this emphasis made by the Barakzai that some claim that the Mosque in theAfghan Flag stands for theHazrat Ali Mazar.
Although many Barakzai were practicing the faith of Islam, and integrating conservativeSharia Law in their legal system, they were known for their anti-fundamentalist policies, regarding fundamentalists as primarily politically motivated, rather than religiously motivated.
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After the fall of theTaliban in the year 2001, negotiations about the reestablishment of theKingdom of Afghanistan were held, including negotiations about the re-installation ofMohammad Zahir Shah as theking of Afghanistan. However, pressure from the side ofEthnic Tajiks who threatened to revolt against Zahir Shah and pressure from the government ofPakistan on the question of theDurand Line, forced Zahir Shah to renounce his claim to the throne, he accepted the title ofBaba-e-Millat (transl. Father of the Nation), which weakened his political role.[32][33]
Since then Prince Ali of the Seraj cadet branch and Prince Nadir Naeem of the Yahya-Khel of the Telai cadet branch ran for Presidency of Afghanistan in 2009 and 2014.[34][35]
After theFall of Kabul in 2021, Prince Raphael Dakik of the Mir Muhammad Jan-Khel of the Telai cadet branch, assessed the reestablishment of the Barakzai dynasty throughlobbyist measures conducted by an anti-Taliban lobby group called "Royal Afghan Government in Exile" (RAGE). Next toSwiss politicians, especially from theSwiss People's Party, seniorWEF officials and research experts onlobbying,anti-corruption anddiplomacy, some of his special envoys are former US congressmen, includingSteve Watkins andCurt Weldon.[36][37]
Envoys of Prince Raphael's lobby group, RAGE, were invited in an ambassador conference inVaduz,Liechtenstein, which attracted media attention. Although Prince Raphael's private office shares a strong relationship with the princelyHouse of Liechtenstein, RAGE was not accredited as an official government byLiechtenstein'sforeign ministry in order to avoid international clashes of interest.[38]
In Pushtun folklore, Barak, Alak and Popol were brothers who went their separate ways to found tribes in their own namesake with the addition of the—zai (son of) suffix, for example, Barakzai.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Hotak Empire | |
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 Durrani Empire | |
 Barakzai Emirate | |
 Barakzai Kingdom | |
 Saqqawist Emirate(unrecognized) | |
| Barakzai Kingdom(restored) | |
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