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Baoji 宝鸡市 Pao-chi, Paochi, Paoki | |
|---|---|
 Baoji | |
.png) Location of Baoji Prefecture within Shaanxi | |
| Coordinates (Baoji government):34°21′47″N107°14′17″E / 34.363°N 107.238°E /34.363; 107.238 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Shaanxi |
| Founded | 2000 BC |
| Municipal seat | Jintai District |
| Area | |
| 18,159 km2 (7,011 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 3,670.3 km2 (1,417.1 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,670.3 km2 (1,417.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 570 m (1,870 ft) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
| 3,321,853 | |
| • Density | 182.93/km2 (473.79/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,862,118 |
| • Urban density | 507.35/km2 (1,314.0/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,475,962 |
| • Metro density | 402.14/km2 (1,041.5/sq mi) |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 179 billion US$ 28.7 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 47,565 US$7,637 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 721000 |
| Area code | 0917 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-SN-03 |
| License Plate Prefix | 陕C |
| Website | www |
| Symbols | |
| Flower | Asiatic apple (Malus spectabilis)[3] |
| Tree | Lacebark pine (Pinus bungeana)[3] |
Baoji (simplified Chinese:宝鸡;traditional Chinese:寶雞;pinyin:Bǎojī;Mandarin pronunciation:[pàʊ.tɕí] ⓘ) is aprefecture-level city in westernShaanxi province, People's Republic of China. Since the early 1990s, Baoji has been the second largest city inShaanxi.[4]
The prefecture-level city of Baoji had a population of 3,321,853 according to the 2020 Chinese census, inhabiting an area of 18,159 km2 (7,011 sq mi). The built-up (or metro) area made of 3 urban districts had a population of 1,475,962 inhabitants as of the2020 Chinese census, withFengxiang District not yet conurbated. Surrounded on three sides by hills, Baoji is in a valley opening out to the east. Its location is strategic, controlling a pass on theQin Mountains between theWei River valley and theJialing River.
Thriving early in theTang dynasty, it has roots to 2000 BC.[5] Today it is a large industrial center. Railways first reached Baoji in 1937 and have been key to its modern growth.
Passing through Baoji is the ancientNorthern Silk Road, the northernmost route of about 2,600 kilometres (1,616 miles) in length, which connected the ancient Chinese capital ofChang'an to the West over theWushaoling Mountain toWuwei and emerging inKashgar before linking to ancientParthia.[6]
Baoji is considered the gateway between western and eastern China since most trains from Beijing, Shanghai and Xi'an pass through here on their way to Gansu, Sichuan, Xinjiang and Tibet (Lhasa).Famen Temple, home to one of Buddha's finger bones, is in Fufeng County. The Baoji area was home to the legendaryYandi, a forefather of theHan Chinese. His tomb is in the southern part of the city and his temple is in the north.
People who are interested in theThree Kingdoms ofancient China can visitZhuge Liang's Memorial Temple, about 20 km (12 mi) from Baoji.
Mount Taibai still has some remaining traces of roadways built during theThree Kingdoms period (220−280 CE) which are all generally unusable due to decay. They remain a popular attraction because they were built by making wood plank bridges along the side of the mountain.
To the south of Baoji lies the beginning of the plank road into theQin Mountains. There are also several natural sites such as theJialing Jiang Fountainhead with its small waterfalls and forests. To the north is Bei Puo, a giant hill made of loess with a panoramic view of the city and a landscape dotted with small farming villages that offer local cuisine.
A number ofLongshan archaeological sites have been found north of theWei River near the North Silk Road.[7]
Baoji is home to theBaoji Bronze Museum which holds more than 120,000 pieces of cultural relics, primarily ofZhou dynasty descent.[8]
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| Weibin District | 渭滨区 | Wèibīn Qū | 448,189 | 728 | 616 |
| Jintai District | 金台区 | Jīntái Qū | 394,538 | 332 | 1,188 |
| Chencang District | 陈仓区 | Chéncāng Qū | 595,075 | 2,517 | 236 |
| Fengxiang District | 凤翔区 | Fèngxiáng Qū | 483,471 | 1,179 | 410 |
| Qishan County | 岐山县 | Qíshān Xiàn | 459,064 | 855 | 537 |
| Fufeng County | 扶风县 | Fúfēng Xiàn | 416,398 | 751 | 554 |
| Mei County | 眉县 | Méi Xiàn | 299,988 | 863 | 348 |
| Long County | 陇县 | Lǒng Xiàn | 248,901 | 2,418 | 103 |
| Qianyang County | 千阳县 | Qiānyáng Xiàn | 123,959 | 959 | 129 |
| Linyou County | 麟游县 | Línyóu Xiàn | 90,728 | 1,806 | 50 |
| Feng County | 凤县 | Fèng Xiàn | 105,492 | 3,187 | 33 |
| Taibai County | 太白县 | Tàibái Xiàn | 50,928 | 2,780 | 18 |
| Climate data for Baoji, elevation 612 m (2,008 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.7 (69.3) | 27.0 (80.6) | 31.4 (88.5) | 36.2 (97.2) | 38.4 (101.1) | 41.7 (107.1) | 41.8 (107.2) | 41.6 (106.9) | 40.0 (104.0) | 33.0 (91.4) | 26.2 (79.2) | 23.2 (73.8) | 41.8 (107.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.6 (42.1) | 9.5 (49.1) | 15.2 (59.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 26.4 (79.5) | 30.8 (87.4) | 31.9 (89.4) | 29.6 (85.3) | 24.3 (75.7) | 18.8 (65.8) | 12.7 (54.9) | 7.0 (44.6) | 19.5 (67.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.6 (33.1) | 4.1 (39.4) | 9.5 (49.1) | 15.6 (60.1) | 20.1 (68.2) | 24.4 (75.9) | 26.3 (79.3) | 24.6 (76.3) | 19.5 (67.1) | 13.7 (56.7) | 7.4 (45.3) | 1.9 (35.4) | 14.0 (57.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.8 (27.0) | 0.3 (32.5) | 5.1 (41.2) | 10.5 (50.9) | 14.9 (58.8) | 19.3 (66.7) | 22.0 (71.6) | 20.9 (69.6) | 16.2 (61.2) | 10.3 (50.5) | 3.8 (38.8) | −1.5 (29.3) | 9.9 (49.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.9 (7.0) | −11.4 (11.5) | −5.3 (22.5) | −1.7 (28.9) | 4.8 (40.6) | 10.0 (50.0) | 12.9 (55.2) | 13.2 (55.8) | 6.0 (42.8) | −2.0 (28.4) | −8.0 (17.6) | −16.1 (3.0) | −16.1 (3.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 7.1 (0.28) | 10.3 (0.41) | 24.4 (0.96) | 40.9 (1.61) | 62.8 (2.47) | 80.1 (3.15) | 104.0 (4.09) | 111.4 (4.39) | 117.5 (4.63) | 56.7 (2.23) | 18.2 (0.72) | 4.6 (0.18) | 638 (25.12) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.2 | 4.6 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 12.6 | 10.6 | 6.0 | 3.3 | 97.4 |
| Average snowy days | 5.2 | 3.8 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 2.9 | 14.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 58 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 66 | 72 | 76 | 74 | 69 | 61 | 64 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 116.2 | 114.2 | 147.4 | 177.2 | 190.7 | 187.3 | 187.5 | 155.8 | 118.6 | 123.2 | 122.9 | 123.3 | 1,764.3 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 37 | 37 | 39 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 43 | 38 | 32 | 36 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[9][10] all-time extreme temperature[11][12] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[13] | |||||||||||||
Established in 1992, Baoji Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone was approved as a national hi-tech zone byState Council. It has a long-term planned area of 40 square kilometres (15 sq mi). The transportation system around the zone includesXi'an Xianyang International Airport and National Highway 310. Its encouraged industries are auto parts, electronics, IT, pharmaceutical and bioengineering industry and new materials.[14]
Baoji is the headquarters of the21st Group Army of thePeople's Liberation Army, one of the two group armies that comprise theLanzhou Military Region responsible for defending China's northwest borders.
TheG85 Yinchuan-Kunming Expressway,China National Highway 310, andG30 Lianyungang-Khorgas Expressway are major highways that run through Baoji.
The city is serviced by theBaoji South on theXi'an-Baoji andBaoji-Lanzhou sections of theXuzhou-Xinjiang high speed railway. TheLonghai,Baocheng and Baozhong railways also call atBaoji railway station.[15]
Ametro system is in the planning stages.
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