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| Yam حاشد | |
|---|---|
| HamdaniteQahtanite | |
| Ethnicity | Arab |
| Location | PrimarilyNajran, other parts ofSaudi Arabia,Kuwait,United Arab Emirates,Qatar,Bahrain |
| Parent tribe | Banu Hashid |
| Branches | |
| Language | Arabic (Southern Najdi)[1] |
| Religion | SulaymaniIslam |
Banu Yam (Arabic:بنو يام,Banū Yām) is an Arabian tribe that belongs to theQahtanite branch ofArabian tribes, specifically the group known asBanu Hamdan, and are, therefore, native to southwesternArabia.
Their traditional way of life was well suited[according to whom?] to life in theArabian Desert and EastSaharo-Arabianxeric shrublands they once lived in. Most have moved into small villages and given up their previousnomadic way of life.[citation needed] Thetribe of Yam was also the progenitor of two other important tribes: theAl Murrah and the'Ujman of easternSaudi Arabia and thePersian Gulf coast.
The Yam are notable among the tribes of Saudi Arabia for the majority of its members who follow the smallSulaymaniIsma'ili branch ofShi'iteIslam. Religious leadership is currently in the hands of theal-Makramiclan, who joined Yam through alliance some time in the 17th century. Most Yam in Najran areIsma’ili while theAl-Ajman andAl Murrah branches who can be found inSaudi Arabia,Kuwait,Qatar,Bahrain areSunni. Members of the tribe can be found throughoutSaudi Arabia due tomigration, particularly the areas aroundJeddah andDammam. Unlike some other tribes of southwesternSaudi Arabia, Yam have traditionally had a largebedouin section, due to the proximity of their territories to the formidable desert known as theEmpty Quarter.[2]
They are also different from some of their neighboring tribes in that they are recorded to have repeatedly raided the neighboring region ofNajd, reaching as far north asDhruma nearRiyadh during the time of theFirst Saudi State in 1775, and causing much panic.[3]
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