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| Banu Hashim (Arabic:بنو هاشم) | |
|---|---|
| Quraysh,Adnanites | |
 Arabic calligraphy of the Tribe's name | |
| Ethnicity | Arab |
| Nisba | Al-Hashmi |
| Location | Arabia |
| Descended from | Hashim ibn Abd Manaf |
| Parent tribe | Quraysh |
| Branches | |
| Language | Arabic |
| Religion | Islam |
| Surnames | Al Hashimi |
| ||
|---|---|---|
Career Views and Perspectives | ||
Banu Hashim (Arabic:بنو هاشم,romanized: Banū Hāshim) is anAncient Arab clan within theQuraysh tribe to which the Islamic prophetMuhammad belonged, named after Muhammad's great-grandfatherHashim ibn Abd Manaf.
Members of this clan, and especially their descendants, are also referred to asHashemites,Hashimites,Hashimids, orBakara and often carry the surnameal-Hāshimī. These descendants, and especially those tracing their lineage to Muhammad through his daughterFatima, hold the traditional title ofSharīf (often synonymous toSayyid).[1]
From the 8th century on, Hashimid descent came to be regarded as a mark of nobility, and formed the basis upon which many dynasties legitimized their rule.[2] Some of the most famous Islamic dynasties of Hashimid descent include theAbbasids (ruled fromBaghdad 750–945; held thecaliphate without exercising power 945–1258 in Baghdad and 1261–1517 inCairo), theFatimids (ruled from Cairo and claimed the caliphate 909–1171), the'Alawi (rulers ofMorocco, 1631–present), and theHashemites (rulers ofJordan, 1921–present).[3]
Traditionally, the tribe is named afterHashim ibn Abd Manaf. He was married to Salma bint Amr of theBanu Najjar, anAzdi clan.[4][5]
Amongst pre-Islamic Arabs, people classified themselves according to their tribe, their clan, and then their house/family. There were two major tribal kinds: theAdnanites (descended fromAdnan, traditional ancestor of the Arabs of northern, central and western Arabia) and theQahtanites (originating fromQahtan, the traditional ancestor of the Arabs of southern and south eastern Arabia).[6][7] Banu Hashim is one of the clans of theQuraysh tribe,[8] and is anAdnanite tribe. It derives its name fromHashim ibn Abd Manaf, the great-grandfather ofMuhammad, and along with theBanu Abd-Shams, Banu Al-Muttalib, andBanu Nawfal clans comprises theBanu Abd al-Manaf section of the Quraysh.
The followingRoyal,Imperial dynasties and Tribes claim descent from Hashim:
Arabia
Africa
Indo-Persia
Southeast Asia
Europe
| Kilab ibn Murrah | Fatimah bint Sa'd | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zuhrah ibn Kilab (progenitor ofBanu Zuhrah) maternal great-great-grandfather | Qusai ibn Kilab paternal great-great-great-grandfather | Hubba bint Hulail paternal great-great-great-grandmother | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| `Abd Manaf ibn Zuhrah maternal great-grandfather | `Abd Manaf ibn Qusai paternal great-great-grandfather | Atikah bint Murrah paternal great-great-grandmother | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wahb ibn `Abd Manaf maternal grandfather | Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf (progenitor of Banu Hashim) paternal great-grandfather | Salma bint `Amr paternal great-grandmother | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fatimah bint `Amr paternal grandmother | `Abdul-Muttalib paternal grandfather | Halah bint Wuhayb paternal step-grandmother | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aminah mother | `Abdullah father | Az-Zubayr paternal uncle | Harith paternal half-uncle | Hamza paternal half-uncle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thuwaybah first nurse | Halimah second nurse | Abu Talib paternal uncle | `Abbas paternal half-uncle | Abu Lahab paternal half-uncle | 6 other sons and 6 daughters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Muhammad | Khadija first wife | `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas paternal cousin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fatimah daughter | Ali paternal cousin and son-in-law family tree,descendants | Qasim son | `Abd-Allah son | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zainab daughter | Ruqayyah daughter | Uthman son-in-law family tree | Umm Kulthum daughter | Zayd adopted son | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ali ibn Zainab grandson | Umamah bint Zainab granddaughter | `Abd-Allah ibn Uthman grandson | Rayhana (marriage disputed) | Usama ibn Zayd adoptive grandson | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Muhsin ibn Ali grandson | Hasan ibn Ali grandson | Husayn ibn Ali grandson family tree | Umm Kulthum bint Ali granddaughter | Zaynab bint Ali granddaughter | Safiyya tenth / eleventh wife* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abu Bakr father-in-law family tree | Sawda second / third wife* | Umar father-in-law family tree | Umm Salama sixth wife | Juwayriya eighth wife | Maymuna eleventh / twelfth wife* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aisha second / third wife Family tree | Zaynab fifth wife | Hafsa fourth wife | Zaynab seventh wife | Umm Habiba ninth wife | Maria al-Qibtiyya | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ibrahim son | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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