Bankura district Bãkurāh Jelā (Bengali) | |
|---|---|
    Clockwise from top-left:Rasmancha inBishnupur,Mukutmanipur Dam, old locomotive inBankura,Susunia Hill, Forest nearMahadebsinan Hill | |
.svg) Location of Bankura district in West Bengal | |
| Coordinates:23°15′N87°04′E / 23.25°N 87.07°E /23.25; 87.07 | |
| Country | India |
| State | West Bengal |
| Division | Medinipur |
| Formed (as a district) | c. 1881[1] |
| Named after | Bankura town[1] |
| Headquarters | Bankura |
| District subdivisions | |
| Government | |
| • Member of Parliament | Arup Chakraborty (TMC) Saumitra Khan (BJP) |
| • District Magistrate and Collector | Siyad N,IAS |
| • Superintendent of Police | Vaibhav Tiwari,IPS |
| Area | |
• Total | 6,882 km2 (2,657 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
• Total | 3,596,674 |
| • Density | 522.6/km2 (1,354/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 235,264 |
| Demographics | |
| • Sex ratio | 914/1000♂/♀ |
| • Literacy rate | 70.95% |
| • Scheduled Castes | 32.65% (1,174,447) |
| • Scheduled Tribes | 10.25% (368,690) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali[2][3] |
| • Additional official | English[2] |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Website | bankura |
Bankura district (Pron: bãkuɽa) is anadministrative unit in theIndianstate ofWest Bengal. It is part ofMedinipur division—one of the fiveadministrative divisions of West Bengal. Bankura district is surrounded byPurba Bardhaman district andPaschim Bardhaman district in the north,Purulia district in the west,Jhargram district andPaschim Medinipur district in the south, and some part ofHooghly district in the east.Damodar River flows in the northern part of Bankura district and separates it with the major part of Burdwan district.[4] The district head quarter is located inBankura town.
The district has been described as the "connecting link between theplains of Bengal on the east andChota Nagpur plateau on the west." The areas to the east and north-east are low-lyingalluvial plains while to the west the surface gradually rises, giving way to undulating country, interspersed with rocky hillocks.[5]
Centre of the historicMallabhum (Malla kingdom) of western Bengal, Bankura and its surrounding regions are identified with its historical and cultural significance for the later Middle Ages.Vaishnavism, which gained the status of state religion in the Malla kingdom in the seventeenth century, shaped the culture of the region. The Malla kingdom was annexed by theBritish East India Company in 1765 and the modern Bankura district took its form in 1881 and was named after its headquarters.
There are few accepted opinions about the etymology of the wordBankura. In the language of theKol-Mundas,orah orrah means habitation.Banku means extremely beautiful. It may also have come from the wordbanka which means zig-zag. One of the most influential deities in the district isDharmathakur and he is locally called Bankura Roy.[6] According to local tradition, the town, the headquarters of the district, was named after its founder, a chieftain named Banku Rai. Another legend has the town named after Bir Bankura, one of the twenty-two sons of Bir Hambir, the Raja ofBishnupur. He divided his kingdom into twenty-two tarafs or circles and gave one to each son. Taraf Jaybelia fell to the lot of Bir Bankura. He developed the town that bears the name Bankura. It has also been suggested that the name is a corruption of the word Bankunda, meaning five tanks. The nameBacoonda is found in old official records.[5]
The earliest signs of human habitation in the area are atDihar—by about 1000 BCchalcolithic people had settled on the north bank of theDwarakeswar.[7] Bankura district was inhabited by various indigenous tribes in later pre-historic times as well asAryanised or assimilated with the people and culture of theIndo-Aryan group, who prevailed in northern India, substantially later than rest of Bengal. These developments took place over many centuries through both conflict and cordiality.
The district was part ofRarh in ancient times. In the oldJain bookAcaranga Sutra (around 4th century) there is mention ofSumha and Ladha (Rarh?) and there too the reference is to an area inhabited by uncivilised and barbaric people.[8][9]
In the fourth century,Susunia edicts record inPrakrit andSanskrit that Chandravarman, son of Simhavarman, was the ruler of Pushkarana (modernPakhanna in Bankura district).[10] According to the inscription on theAllahabad pillar, Chandravarman was defeated bySamudragupta and the area became a part of theGupta Empire.[11] The area was for many years part ofDandabhukti andBardhamanbhukti.[12]
Many historians opine that assimilation with Indo-Aryans took place first in northern and eastern Bengal and then in western Bengal. This has also been the broad course of the spread of Buddhism and Jainism in Bengal. There is ample evidence of pre-eminence of Indo-Aryan religion and culture in West Bengal from around the sixth century.[8]
From around the seventh century until around the advent ofBritish rule, for around a millennium, the history of Bankura district is identical with the rise and fall of theHindu Rajas ofBishnupur.[13] The area around Bishnupur was calledMallabhum. At its farthest extent Bishnupur kingdom stretched fromDamin-i-koh inSanthal Parganas toMidnapore and included parts ofBardhaman andChota Nagpur. Smaller kingdoms of aboriginal tribes, such asDhalbhum,Tungbhum,Samantabhum and Varahabhumi or Varabhumi were gradually subdued and overshadowed by the Malla kings of Bishnupur.[13]
Adi Malla (born 695 AD), the founder of theMalla dynasty, ruled in Laugram, 8.4 kilometres (5.2 mi) fromKotulpur, for 33 years. When he was 15 years old he had no equal as a wrestler in the territory all around. It was this that earned him the sobriquet of Adi Malla, the original or unique wrestler. He was also known asBagdi Raja and was succeeded by his son,Jay Malla, who extended his domains and shifted his capital to Bishnupur. The subsequent kings steadily extended their kingdom. Among the more renowned are: Kalu Malla, Kau Malla, Jhau Malla, and Sur Malla.
Bir Hambir, the 49th ruler of the Malla dynasty who flourished around 1586 and ruled in the 16th-17th century, was a contemporary of theMughal emperorAkbar. He was involved on the side of Mughals in their struggle against the Afghans and is mentioned by Muslim historians. He paid an annual tribute to the Muslim viceroys of Bengal and thus acknowledged their suzerainty. He was converted toVaishnavism by Srinivasa and introduced the worship ofMadan Mohan in Bishnupur.[13]
Raghunath Singha Dev, who followed Bir Hambir, was the first Bishnupur Raja to use the Kshatriya title Singh. With exquisite palaces and temples built during the period that followed Bishnupur was reputed to be the most renowned city in the world, more beautiful than the house of Indra in heaven. However, it has also been recorded that while these royal patrons of Hindu art and religion were busy building temples they had lost much of their independence and sunk to the position of tributary princes. Bir Singh walled up alive all his sons, eighteen in number. The youngest, Durjan, alone escaped, having been kept in hiding by the servants. The status of the Raja of Bishnupur was that of a tributary prince, exempted from personal attendance at the court atMurshidabad, and represented there by a resident.[13]
The Bishnupur Rajas who were at the summit of their fortunes towards the end of the 17th century, started declining in the first half of the 18th century. First, theMaharaja of Burdwan seized the Fatehpur Mahal, and then theMaratha invasions laid waste their country. In 1742, when the Marathas, under Bhaskar Rao, attacked Bishnupur, the troops put up a spirited defence but then Gopal Singh retreated within the fort and ordered the troops and citizens to pray to Madan Mohan to save the city. It is believed that Madan Mohan responded and the cannons were fired without human assistance. The truth probably is that the Maratha cavalry were unable to pierce the strong fortifications and retired. While they failed to take the fort and pillage the treasury, the Marathas harried the less protected parts of the kingdom. Intrigue and litigation that followed ruined the Bishnupur Raj family and eventually in 1806, the estate was sold for arrears of land revenue and bought up by the Maharaja of Burdwan.[13]
.jpg)
Bishnupur was ceded to the British with the rest of Burdwan chakla in 1760. The Marathas had laid the country waste andfamine of 1770 completed the misery of the kingdom. A large section of the population was swept away, cultivation fell, and lawlessness spread. The once powerful king had been reduced to the status of a merezamindar. In 1787, Bishnupur was united withBirbhum to form a separate administrative unit, the headquarters was shifted toSuri, and a rebellious situation prevailed. Bankura continued to be one district with Birbhum till 1793, when it was transferred to the Burdwan collectorate.[13]
.jpg)
Towards the end of the 18th century, certain portions of the district around Raipur was affected by theChuar Rebellion. At the time Bankura appears to have been part ofJungle Mahals. The disturbances of the Chuars in 1832 in the western part of the Bishnupur district lead to the disbandment of the Jungle Mahals. In 1833 Bishnupur was transferred to Burdwan. In 1872, the parganas of Sonamukhi, Indas, Kotulpur, Shergarh and Senpahari were transferred fromManbhum to Burdwan. At that time Bankura has area of 1,346 square miles (3,490 km2) with 526,772 inhabitants.[15] In 1879, the district acquired its present shape with the thanas of Khatra and Raipur and the outpost of Simplapal being transferred from Manbhum, and the thanas of Sonamukhi, Kotulpur and Indas being retransferred from Burdwan. Addition of those areas into Bankura district increased to 2,621 square miles (6,790 km2) with 1,116,411 inhabitants in 1901. However, it was known for sometime as West Burdwan and in 1881 came to be known as Bankura district.[13]
The district is part of theRed Corridor.[16]
Bankura district is a part ofMedinipur division. It is situated between 22° 38’ and 23° 38’ north latitude and between 86° 36’ and 87° 46’ east longitude. It has an area of 6,882 square kilometres (2,657 sq mi). On the north and north-east the district is bounded byBardhaman district, from which it is separated mostly by theDamodar River. On the south-east it is bounded byHooghly district, on the south byPaschim Medinipur district and on the west byPurulia district.[5][17][18]Bankura district has been described as the "connecting link between theplains of Bengal on the east andChota Nagpur plateau on the west." The areas to the east and north-east are low-lyingalluvial plains, similar to predominating rice lands of Bengal. To the west the surface gradually rises, giving way to undulating country, interspersed with rocky hillocks. Much of the country is covered with jungles.[5]
The western part of the district has poor,ferruginous soil and hard beds oflaterite with scrub jungles andsal woods. Long broken ridges with irregular patches of more recent alluvium have marks of seasonal cultivation. During the long dry season large extents ofred soil with hardly any trees lend the country a scorched and dreary appearance. In the eastern part the eye constantly rests on wide expanses of rice fields, green in the rains but parched and dry in summer.[5]
TheGondwana system is represented in the northern portion of the district, south of the Damodar, between Mejia and Biharinath Hill. The beds covered with alluvium contains seams of coal belonging to the Raniganj system.[5]
The hills of the district consist of outliers of the Chota Nagpur plateau and only two are of any great height –Biharinath andSusunia. While the former rises to a height of 448 metres (1,470 ft), the latter attains a height of 440 metres (1,440 ft).[5]
The rivers of the area flow from the north-east to the south-west in courses roughly parallel to one another. They are mostly hill streams, originating in the hills in the west. The rivers come down in floods after heavy rains and subside as rapidly as they rise. In summer, their sand beds are almost always dry. The principal rivers are: Damodar,Dwarakeswar,Shilabati,Kangsabati,Sali, Gandheswari, Kukhra, Birai, Jaypanda and Bhairabbanki. There are some small waterfalls along the course of the Shilabati near Harmasra, and along the course of the Kangsabati in theRaipur area.[5]
Kangsabati Project was started during thesecond five-year plan period (1956–1961). The dam across the Kangsabati has a length of 10,098 metres (33,130 ft) and a height of 38 metres (125 ft).[19]
The climate, especially in the upland tracts to the west, is much drier than in eastern or southern Bengal. From the beginning of March to early June, hot westerly winds prevail, the thermometer in the shade rising to around 45 °C (113 °F). The monsoon months, June to September, are comparatively pleasant. The total average rainfall is 1,400 millimetres (55 in), the bulk of the rain coming in the months of June to September. Winters are pleasant with temperatures dropping down to below 12 °C (54 °F) in December.[5]
Bankura is economically underdeveloped and is mostly dependent on agriculture. Almost 70% of the district's income is generated through agriculture where 80% of the farmers are small & marginal in nature. Bankura is one of the most draught prone district of West Bengal. However due to protective irrigation system, land reforms and use of high fertile & hybrid crops the economic condition of the district has improved. Also, cottage and small-scale industries, such as Stone-crushing, Weaving, Oilseed-crushing, handicraft units like Dokra, Terra-cotta, Baluchari Sari play a key economic role in district.[20]
In 2006, theMinistry of Panchayati Raj named Bankura one of the country's 250most backward districts (out of a total of640).[21] It is one of the nineteen districts in West Bengal currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[21]
The district comprises three subdivisions:Bankura Sadar,Khatra andBishnupur. Bankura Sadar subdivision consists ofBankura municipality and eight community development blocks:Bankura I,Bankura II,Barjora,Chhatna,Gangajalghati,Mejia,Onda andSaltora. Khatra subdivision consists of eight community development blocs:Indpur,Khatra,Hirbandh,Raipur,Sarenga,Ranibandh,Simlapal andTaldangra. Bishnupur subdivision consists ofBishnupur andSonamukhi municipalities and six community development blocks:Indas,Joypur,Patrasayer,Kotulpur,Sonamukhi andBankura.[22]
Bankura is the district headquarters. There are 21 police stations, 22 development blocks, 3 municipalities, 190gram panchayats and 5187 villages in this district.[22][23]
Other than municipality area, each subdivision contains community development blocs which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns. In total there are 5 urban units: 3 municipalities and 2census towns.[23][24]
Bankura district is divided into the following administrative subdivisions:[25]
| Subdivision | Headquarters | Area km2 | Population (2011) | Rural Population % (2001) | Urban Population % (2001) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bankura Sadar | Bankura | 2596.11 | 1,439,148 | 89.27 | 11.43 |
| Khatra | Khatra | 2407.49 | 1,045,591 | 100.00 | 0 |
| Bishnupur | Bishnupur | 1870.75 | 1,111,935 | 91.04 | 8.96 |
| Bankura district | Bankura | 6882.00 | 3,596,674 | 92.63 | 7.37 |
As per order of theDelimitation Commission in respect of thedelimitation of constituencies in the West Bengal, the district is divided into 12 assembly constituencies:[26]
Raipur and Ranibandh constituencies are reserved forScheduled Tribes (ST) candidates. Saltora, Katulpur, Indas and Sonamukhi constituencies will be reserved forScheduled Castes (SC) candidates. Saltora, Chhatna, Ranibandh, Raipur, Taldangra, and Bankura constituencies will be part ofBankura (Lok Sabha constituency), which will also contain one assembly segment fromPurulia district. Barjora, Onda, Bishnupur, Katulpur, Indas and Sonamukhi will be assembly segments ofBishnupur (Lok Sabha constituency), which also contains one assembly segments fromBardhaman district.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 1,116,411 | — |
| 1911 | 1,138,670 | +2.0% |
| 1921 | 1,019,941 | −10.4% |
| 1931 | 1,111,721 | +9.0% |
| 1941 | 1,289,640 | +16.0% |
| 1951 | 1,319,259 | +2.3% |
| 1961 | 1,664,513 | +26.2% |
| 1971 | 2,031,039 | +22.0% |
| 1981 | 2,374,815 | +16.9% |
| 1991 | 2,805,065 | +18.1% |
| 2001 | 3,192,695 | +13.8% |
| 2011 | 3,596,674 | +12.7% |
| Source:Census of India[27] | ||
According to the2011 census Bankura district has apopulation of 3,596,674,[28][1] roughly equal to the nation ofLithuania[29] or the US state ofConnecticut.[30] This gives it a ranking of 80th in India (out of a total of739).[1] The district has a population density of 523 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,350/sq mi).[1] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.64%.[1] Bankura has asex ratio of 954females for every 1000 males,[1] and aliteracy rate of 70.95%. 8.33% of the population lives in urban areas.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes collectively account for 42.9% (SC: 32.65% and ST: 10.25%)[1] of the district's total population. The prominent communities in this group, in terms of the district's total population, areBauri (9.74%),Santal (8.31%),Bagdi/Duley (8.02%),Lohar (3.18%), Sunri (excluding Saha) (2.48%), Khaira (2.2%),Mal (1.1%),Bhumij (1.09%),Chamar (1.05%), Dom (1.03%),Namasudra (0.76%),Jalia Kaibartta (0.57%), Hari (0.53%),Kora (0.37%), andBhuiya (0.34%). Additionally, populations ranging between ten thousand to one hundred includeKeot, Mallah, Savar,Bhogta,Mahar,Lodha/Kharia, Kaora,Mahali,Munda, Kotal,Rajwar, Karenga/Koranga, andBedia.[31]
In the 2001 census, Bankura district had a total population of 3,191,822 of which 1,634,561 were males and 1,557,261 were females. Decadal growth for the period 1991-2001 was 13.79% in Bankura district against 17.84% in West Bengal. The urban population was 235,264 against a rural population of 2,956,558. The district had a density of population of 464 persons per km2.[18][32] Bankura had a literacy rate of 63.84 per cent.[33]
The first census was taken in 1872. The district as now constituted had a population of 968,597. In the 1901 census, 90.7 per cent of the population spoke a dialect ofBengali known asRarhi Boli, which was also spoken in the adjoining districts.Santali was spoken by about 9 per cent of the population. 87.4 per cent of the population wereHindus, 8 per cent wereAnimists and 5.6 per cent wereMuslims.[34]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 84.34% | |||
| Islam | 8.08% | |||
| Other(tribal religion) | 7.25% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.33% | |||
| Religion | Population (1941)[35]: 75 | Percentage (1941) | Population (2011)[28] | Percentage (2011) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hinduism | 1,078,559 | 83.63% | 3,033,581 | 84.34% |
| Tribal religion[c] | 154,246 | 11.96% | 260,694 | 7.25% |
Islam | 55,564 | 4.31% | 290,450 | 8.08% |
| Others[d] | 1,271 | 0.10% | 11,949 | 0.33% |
| Total Population | 1,289,640 | 100% | 3,596,674 | 100% |
Hinduism is the predominant religion, and makes up nearly the entire population in urban areas. Islam is almost entirely to be found in rural areas, as are tribal religions. Muslims are most concentrated in the east of the district bordering Bardhaman and Hooghly districts, while tribal religions are largely in the south west, and form significant minorities in Ranibundh (39.44%) and Raipur (27.66%) CD blocks.[28]
According to the 2011 census, 90.68% of the population spokeBengali and 7.96%Santali as their first language.[36]
Most people, particularly in rural areas, speak the 'Bankri', a coarser form of theCentral Bengali dialect.
Bankura is the headquarters of the district.Bishnupur (or Vishnupur) is a subdivisional town of Bankura district. It was the capital of the Mallabhum kingdom, once the most important Hindu dynasty in Bengal. This town famous for theTerracotta Temples made by the local red soils. This city often called as the 'Temple City' of Bengal.
In addition to Bishnupur, many towns and villages in Bankura such as Kotulpur, Joypur, Sonamukhi, Hadal Narayanpur, and Akui have brick terracotta temples built between the 17th and 19th centuries.[37]
Susunia hills andBeharinath hills are located in the district.Mukutmanipur, the second largest earthen dam in India and Sutan are tourist spots.Mejia power plant is the only thermal power plant of this district. Darakeshwar, Gandheswari and Kangsabati are the major rivers flow through the district. Jaipur forest is the only forest in the plains of Southern Bengal.Bankura Sammilani Medical College is the oldest medical college in this area.
The eastern portion of the district is a part of the rice plains of West Bengal. The land under rice cultivation contains marsh weeds of Gangetic plain. Around human habitations there are shrub species such as:
The larger trees are:
Other plants found include:
Forests or scrub jungles contain: *Wendlandia exserta,
The western portion of the district is higher. The uplands are either bare or are covered with scrub jungle ofZiziphus and other thorny shrubs. This thorny forest gradually merges into sal (Shorea robusta) forest. Low hills are covered withMiliusa,Schleichera,Diospyros and other trees.[38]
Some of the common trees of economic interest found in the district are:
Bankura district had a literacy rate of 70.26% as per the provisional figures of thecensus of India 2011. Bankura Sadar subdivision had a literacy rate of 69.56%, Khatra subdivision 69.79% and Bishnupur subdivision 71.60%.[39]
Given in the table below (data in numbers) is a comprehensive picture of the education scenario in Bankura district for the year 2013-14. The primary schools include junior basic schools; middle schools, high schools and higher secondary schools include madrasahs; technical schools include junior technical schools, junior government polytechnics, industrial technical institutes, industrial training centres, nursing training institutes etc.; technical and professional colleges include engineering colleges, medical colleges, para-medical institutes, management colleges, teachers training and nursing training colleges, law colleges, art colleges, music colleges etc. Special and non-formal education centres include sishu siksha kendras, madhyamik siksha kendras, centres of Rabindra mukta vidyalaya, recognised Sanskrit tols, institutions for the blind and other handicapped persons, Anganwadi centres, reformatory schools etc.[39]
| Subdivision | Primary School | Middle School | High School | Higher Secondary School | General College, Univ | Technical / Professional Instt | Non-formal Education | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | |
| Bankura Sadar | 1,371 | 117,820 | 144 | 17,951 | 90 | 69,329 | 91 | 78,909 | 9 | 14,782 | 14 | 2,865 | 2,228 | 69,919 |
| Khatra | 1,200 | 86,786 | 113 | 16,805 | 50 | 28,178 | 112 | 93,919 | 6 | 13,067 | 6 | 702 | 1,993 | 51,849 |
| Bishnupur | 979 | 86,750 | 112 | 15,092 | 57 | 28,738 | 81 | 78,915 | 6 | 10,552 | 14 | 4,170 | 1,649 | 57,769 |
| Bankura district | 3,550 | 291,356 | 369 | 49,848 | 197 | 126,245 | 284 | 251,743 | 21 | 38,401 | 34 | 7,737 | 5,870 | 179,537 |
The table below (all data in numbers) presents an overview of the medical facilities available and patients treated in the hospitals, health centres and sub-centres in 2014 in Bankura district.[40]
| Subdivision | Health & Family Welfare Deptt, WB | Other State Govt Deptts | Local bodies | Central Govt Deptts / PSUs | NGO / Private Nursing Homes | Total | Total Number of Beds | Total Number of Doctors | Indoor Patients | Outdoor Patients | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitals | Rural Hospitals | Block Primary Health Centres | Primary Health Centres | ||||||||||
| Bankura Sadar | 2 | 6 | 2 | 25 | 3 | - | 2 | 31 | 71 | 2,628 | 320 | 147,890 | 2,634,248 |
| Khatra | 1 | 7 | 1 | 21 | - | - | - | 4 | 34 | 698 | 77 | 58,258 | 1,440,172 |
| Bishnupur | 1 | 5 | 1 | 23 | - | - | - | 11 | 41 | 698 | 77 | 68,068 | 1,351,349 |
| Bankura district | 4 | 18 | 4 | 69 | 3 | - | 2 | 46 | 146 | 4,152 | 459 | 274,216 | 5,425,769 |
Bankura Junction railway station is managed by theSouth Eastern Railways and is on theAdra-Midnapore rail route. It is inBankura city.Bhubaneswar Rajdhani Express,Rupashi Bangla Express,Aranyak Express,Puri-New Delhi (Nandan Kanan) Superfast Express, Ernakulam-Patna Express,Howrah-LTT Samarsata Express andPurulia-Howrah Express pass through this station. It is the originating and terminating station ofBankura Damodar Railway[41] which will connect toHowrah-Bardhaman Chord section. Computerized reservation facility is available. Going towards north-west,Adra Junction Railway Station is the nearest main station and moving to south,Midnapore Railway Station is the major station next to Bankura.[42]
The Bankura Junction railway station and bridge over Dhaleshwari River were built by Gujarati Railway Contractors of the town Jeewan Gangji Savaria and Lalji Raja Vadher in 1900 working for Bengal Nagpur Railway.
National Highway 14 (India) running from Morgam (inMurshidabad district) toKharagpur (inPaschim Medinipur district),State Highway 9 (West Bengal) running fromDurgapur (inPaschim Bardhaman district) toNayagram (inJhargram district) andState Highway 5 (West Bengal) running fromRupnarayanpur (inBardhaman district) toJunput (inPurba Medinipur) pass through Bankura. NH 14 links Bankura toNH 12 andNH 16. Both NH 14 and SH 9 link Bankura toNH 19 (Grand Trunk Road).[43][44]
The district lies in very close proximity to theKazi Nazrul Islam Airport located in neighbouring Paschim Bardhaman.
Lithuania 3,535,547 July 2011 est.
Connecticut 3,574,097
Places adjacent to Bankura district | |
|---|---|
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
