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Banggai language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Austronesian language spoken in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Banggai
Native toIndonesia
RegionSulawesi
EthnicityBanggai andSeasea
Native speakers
88,000 (2010 census)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3bgz
Glottologbang1368

TheBanggai language is the main language spoken by the inhabitants of theBanggai Archipelago off the island ofSulawesi. It belongs to theSaluan–Banggai branch of theCelebic subgroup.

Historically, Banggai was a spoken language without a long literary history. The earliest surviving manuscript in the Banggai language comes from the 19th century, the account of a Banggai fisherman who was sold into slavery byMaguindanaoan raiders in the 1860s-70s before escaping.[2]

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

[edit]
LabialDental/
Alveolar
PalatalVelarGlottal
Nasalmnŋ
Plosivevoicelessptkʔ
voicedbdɡ
prenasal vl.ᵐpⁿtᵑk
prenasal vd.ᵐbⁿdᵑɡ
Fricativesh
Rhoticr
Laterall
Approximantwj
  • /s/ may also be heard as prenasal [ⁿs] when after nasal sounds.
  • Other sounds like [tʃ, dʒ, ɲ] are heard in loanwords from neighboring languages.

Vowels

[edit]
FrontCentralBack
Closeiu
Mideo
Opena
  • Vowels /e, o/ can also be heard as [ɛ, ɔ] in closed syllables.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Banggai atEthnologue (27th ed., 2024)Closed access icon
  2. ^Velthoen, Esther Joy. "Contested Coastlines: Diasporas, Trade, and Colonial Expansion in Eastern Sulawesi, 1680-1905." pg. 212.Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Australia: Murdoch University. Available online also at:https://www.oxis.org/theses/velthoen-2002.pdf [accessed in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: August 10, 2018] (2002).
  3. ^van den Bergh, J. D. (1953).Spraakkunst van het Banggais. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

Further reading

[edit]
  • Moseley, Christopher; Asher, E. R., eds. (1994).Atlas of the World's Languages. New York: Routelege. p. 122.
Bungku–Tolaki
Muna–Buton
Saluan–Banggai
Tomini–Tolitoli *
Kaili–Wolio *
Kaili–Pamona
Wotu–Wolio
  • * indicates proposed status
  • ? indicates classification dispute
  • † indicatesextinct status
Malayo-Sumbawan
Sundanese
Madurese
Malayo-Chamic
Chamic
Malayic
Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
Northwest Sumatra–
Barrier Islands
Batak
Lampungic
Celebic
South Sulawesi
Moklenic
Javanese
Central–Eastern
Malayo-Polynesian

(over 700 languages)
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Paniai Lakes
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Foja Range
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Yawa
Demta–Sentani
Ok
Momuna–Mek
Skou
South Pauwasi
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Kaure–Kosare
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