| Banat, Bačka, and Baranya Banat, Bačka i Baranja Банат, Бачка и Барања | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province of theKingdom of Serbia and theKingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes | |||||||||
| 1918–1922 | |||||||||
 Banat, Bačka, and Baranja in 1918–1919 | |||||||||
| Capital | Novi Sad | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | November 1918 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1922 | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Croatia Hungary Romania Serbia | ||||||||
Banat, Bačka, and Baranya (Serbo-Croatian:Banat, Bačka i Baranja /Банат, Бачка и Барања) was a province of theKingdom of Serbia and theKingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes between 1918 and 1922. It included the geographical regions ofBanat,Bačka, andBaranya. Its administrative center wasNovi Sad. From November 1918 to February 1919 it was administered by provincial bodies, and later by provincial branches of the state administration. In time, its initial territorial jurisdiction was reduced to Yugoslav parts of those regions, while eastern portions of Banat were ceded to theKingdom of Romania (1919), and northern parts of Bačka and Baranya to theKingdom of Hungary (1920). Today, former Yugoslav parts of Banat and Bačka belong toSerbia, while the former Yugoslav part of Baranya belongs toCroatia.[1][2]
The official name of the province wasBanat, Bačka, and Baranya, but it was also unofficially known asVojvodina.
Following the collapse ofAustria-Hungary in October and November 1918, the regions of Banat, Bačka, and Baranya came under control of theSerbian army, under theArmistice of Belgrade.[3] They entered Novi Sad on 9 November, and also dismantled the self-proclaimedBanat Republic on 15 November. The local ethnicSerb population from these regions had already formed its own administration under the supreme authority of theSerb National Board inNovi Sad.
On November 25, 1918, theGreat National Assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci, and other Slavs (Serbian:Велика народна скупштина Срба, Буњеваца и осталих Словена, Velika narodna skupština Srba, Bunjevaca i ostalih Slovena;German:Große Volksversammlung der Serben, Bunjewatzen und der übrigen Slawen) from Banat, Bačka and Baranya, voted that these regionsjoin to the Kingdom of Serbia. The assembly numbered 757 deputies, of whom 578 wereSerbs, 84Bunjevci, 62Slovaks, 21Rusyns, 6Germans, 3Šokci, 2Croats, and 1Hungarian.
The Great People's Assembly decided to join Banat, Bačka, and Baranya toSerbia, and formed a new local administration (provncial government) in these regions known as thePeople's Administration for Banat, Bačka, and Baranya (Serbian:Народна управа за Банат, Бачку и Барању, Narodna uprava za Banat, Bačku i Baranju). The president of the People's Administration wasJovan Lalošević. The People's Council was formed as the legislative body of the province.
On December 1, the Kingdom of Serbia together with theState of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs formed a new country namedKingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes.
The government inBelgrade accepted the decision that Banat, Bačka and Baranya had joined Serbia, but the initial provincial administrative bodies were not kept for long. The People's Administration for Banat, Bačka, and Baranya was active until March 11, 1919, when it held its last session.
Before the peace conference defined the exact borders of theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, the People's Administration for Banat, Bačka and Baranya also administered parts of Banat, Bačka, and Baranya that today belong toRomania andHungary.
After the Paris peace conference, adminisitrative provincial branches for Banat, Bačka, and Baranya province remained operational until theVidovdan Constitution of 1921 which established the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes as aunitary state and replaced in 1922 the 8 provinces by 33 newly formed administrativeoblasts (regions) ruled from the center.
The population of Banat, Bačka, and Baranya (within the borders defined by the peace conference) was 1,365,596, including 29.1%Serbs, 27.71%Hungarians, 23.10%Germans, and others[4][failed verification –see discussion][5] (such asRomanians). Serbs and Croats together comprised 36.80% of population of the region.[6]
The legislative body (parliament) of the province was known as theGreat People's Council (Veliki Narodni Savet), while executive body (government) was known as thePeople's Administration (Narodna Uprava). The Great People's Council consisted of 50 members, which included 35Serbs, 8Bunjevci, 5Slovaks, 1Krashovan, and 1Uniate priest.
The People's Administration included following sections:
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