Balikpapan | |
|---|---|
| City of Balikpapan Kota Balikpapan | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Etymology:Balik (Behind) andPapan (Plank) | |
| Nicknames: Kota Minyak(City of Oil) | |
| Motto: "Gawi Manuntung Waja Sampai Kaputing"(Hard Work until Finish) | |
| Anthem:Himne Balikpapan | |
 Location withinEast Kalimantan | |
 Interactive Map of Balikpapan | |
  Balikpapan Balikpapan (Indonesia) Show map of Indonesia | |
| Coordinates:1°16′36.5″S116°49′39.8″E / 1.276806°S 116.827722°E /-1.276806; 116.827722 | |
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Region | Kalimantan |
| Province |  East Kalimantan |
| Established | 10 February 1897 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Rahmad Mas'ud (Golkar)[1] |
| • Vice Mayor | Bagus Susetyo [id] |
| • Legislature | Balikpapan City Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) |
| Area | |
• Total | 503.3 km2 (194.3 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 52 m (171 ft) |
| Population (mid 2024 estimate[2]) | |
• Total | 757,418 |
| • Density | 1,505/km2 (3,898/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic groups | |
| • Religion[3] | Islam 90.50% Protestantism 7.51% Catholic 1.78% Buddhism 0.95% Hinduism 0.12% Confucianism 0.01% Others 0.01% |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (WITA) |
| Postal Code | List
|
| Area code | (+62) 542 |
| Vehicle registration | KT |
| HDI (2019) |  0.801 (Very High)[5] |
| Airport | Sultan Aji MuhammadSulaiman Sepinggan International Airport |
| Website | balikpapan.go.id |
Balikpapan is a seaportcity inEast Kalimantan,Indonesia. Located on the east coast of the island ofBorneo, the city is thefinancial center ofKalimantan.[6] Balikpapan is the city withthe largest economy in Kalimantan with an estimated 2016 GDP atRp 73.18 trillion.[7] The city is served bySultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan Airport.[8] Port of Semayang was the second busiest seaport in East Kalimantan, after that inSamarinda.[9]
With a population of 688,318 according to the2020 census,[10] and an official estimate of 757,418 as at mid 2023 (comprising 387,112 males and 370,206 females),[2] Balikpapan isthe second most populous city in East Kalimantan, afterSamarinda.[11] Balikpapan has been consistently ranked as the most liveable city in Indonesia.[12][13] However, in 2022, Balikpapan conceded this toSamarinda.[14][15][16]
Balikpapan was originally a fishing village built byBuginese people in the 19th century. The first oil drilling began in Balikpapan on 10 February 1897, which was later set as the anniversary of the city. In 1899, theDutch East Indies colonial administration granted a township status to Balikpapan. In 1907,Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij (BPM) made the city as its headquarters and imported skilled laborers, engineers, and managers from overseas. Subsequently, numerous multi-national companies came to Balikpapan to invest in the oil industry. This resulted in the economic boom of Balikpapan and attracted many migrants and expatriates.[17]
DuringWorld War II, theEmpire of Japan occupied the city in 1942, as part of theoccupation of the Dutch East Indies, and it was bombed by theAllies in thefirst Balikpapan Battle in 1942 andsecond battle in 1945. The battles impacted critical infrastructure, including the oil refinery stations and seaport which were completely burned to the ground. Upon Indonesia's independence, BPM extended its activities in Balikpapan until 1965 whenPertamina, the Indonesian state-owned oil company, took control over the ownership of BPM and its oil exploration activities.[17]
There are several popular stories and legends explaining the origin of Balikpapan:[18][19]
The city has had several nicknames throughout its history such as the Oil City, City of Believers (Kota Beriman, which is an acronym of:BERsih (clean),Indah (magnificent), dannyaMAN (comfortable)).[21]
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Before the oil boom of the early 1900s, Balikpapan was an isolatedBugis fishing village. Balikpapan'stoponym (balik = "behind" andpapan = "plank") is from a folk story in which a local king threw his newborn daughter into the sea to protect her from his enemies. The baby was tied beneath some planks that were discovered by a fisherman. An alternative story is that, at the time of the Kutai sultanate, Sultan Muhammad Idris sent 1000 planks to aid the Paser Kingdom to build a new palace. The planks were shipped from Kutai to Paser along the Borneo shoreline by roping all the planks together. 10 out of the 1000 planks that were originally shipped resurfaced in a place currently called Balikpapan.
On 10 February 1897,[22] a small refinery company, Mathilda, began the first oil drilling.[23] Building of roads, wharves, warehouses, offices, barracks, and bungalows started when the Dutch oil company Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij (BPM) arrived in the area.
On 24 January 1942, a Japanese invasionconvoy arrived at Balikpapan and wasattacked by fourUnited States Navydestroyers that sank three Japanese transports.[24] TheJapanese army landed and met with no opposition by the Dutch troops, which had been ordered to evacuate after destroying the oil installations.[25] In response to this, the Japanesemassacred 78 Dutch POWs and civilians.[26]
Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) intelligence determined that half of all lubricating oils used by the Japanese military and 60 percent of all their aviation fuel came from refineries in Balikpapan, and it was therefore an extremely important target.[citation needed] The American 380th Bombardment Group under the command of the RAAF, including the famousB-24 LiberatorShady Lady, attacked the oil refineries in August 1943 fromDarwin, Australia. Amazingly, there were no aircraft losses, despite the crash landing and subsequent repair of theShady Lady.[citation needed]
In September and October 1944, the5th and13th Air Forces under the command of GeneralGeorge Kenney launched a series of five raids fromMorotai andNoemfoor Islands.[27][28] Kenney was a strong advocate for using the powerfulB-29 Superfortress for this raid but was forced to use theB-24 Liberator instead.[citation needed] Unbeknownst to the Allied forces, the Japanese Air Force had conserved many of its dwindling numbers of fighters to protect the important oil refineries. The first two raids did not have fighter cover and suffered severe losses.[citation needed]
The1945 Battle of Balikpapan concluded theBorneo campaign and Allied forces took control of Borneo island. Extensive wartime damage curtailed almost all oil production in the area untilRoyal Dutch Shell completed major repairs in 1950.[citation needed]
In 1958, theCIA attacked Balikpapan and stopped oil exports. The US was running a CIAcovert mission to undermine PresidentSukarno's government by supporting right-wing rebels in Indonesia. The CIA, Taiwan and the Philippines had provided thePermesta rebels inNorth Sulawesi with an insurgent air force, theAngkatan Udara Revolusioner (AUREV). On 28 April 1958, a CIA pilot,William H. Beale, flying aB-26 Invader bomber aircraft that was painted black and showing no markings,[29] dropped 500 pounds (230 kilograms) of four bombs on Balikpapan. The first damaged the runway atSultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Airport, the second set the British oil tankerSS San Flaviano on fire and sank her[30][31][32] and the third bounced off the British tankerMV Daronia without exploding.[33] Beale's fourth bomb set on fire and sank theIndonesian NavyBathurst-class corvetteKRIHang Tuah, killing 18 crew and wounding 28.[33] Before attackingHang Tuah, Beale also machine-gunned the oil pipes to Shell's wharf.[33]
The CIA had orders to attack unarmed foreign merchant ships in order to drive foreign trade away from Indonesia and weaken its economy, with the intention of undermining Sukarno's government.[33] The day before attacking Balikpapan, Beale had also damaged a Shell complex atAmbon, Maluku.[34] His Balikpapan raid succeeded in persuading Shell to suspend tanker services from Balikpapan and withdraw shore-based wives and families toSingapore.[31] However, on 18 May Indonesian naval and air forces offAmbon Island shot down an AUREV B-26 and captured its CIA pilot,Allen Pope.[35][36] The US immediately withdrew support for Permesta, whose rebellion rapidly diminished thereafter.
Shell continued operating in the area until Indonesian state-ownedPertamina took it over in 1965.[23] Lacking technology, skilled manpower, and capital to explore the petroleum region, Pertamina sublet petroleum concession contracts to multinational companies in the 1970s.[citation needed]
With the only oil refinery site in the region, Balikpapan emerged as a revitalized center of petroleum production. Pertamina opened its East Borneo headquarters in the city, followed by branch offices established by other international oil companies. Hundreds of laborers from Indonesia, along with skilled expatriates who served as managers and engineers, flocked into the city.[citation needed]
Topography of Balikpapan is generally hilly (85%), with only small areas of flat land (15%), mostly along the coast and surrounding the hilly areas.[citation needed] The hills are less than 100 meters (330 feet) higher than the adjacent valleys. The altitude of Balikpapan ranges from 0 to 80 meters (260 feet) above sea level.[citation needed] The city proper itself is located on eastern side ofBay of Balikpapan.
Most of the soil in Balikpapan contains yellow-reddish podsolic soil andalluvial andquartz sand, making it extremely prone to erosion.[37]
Balikpapan features atropical rainforest climate (Köppen:Af) as there is no real dry season in Balikpapan. The city sees an average of 2,400 millimeters (94 inches) of rain per year. Balikpapan generally shows little variation in weather throughout the course of the year. The city does not have significantly wetter and drier periods of the year and average temperatures are nearly identical throughout the course of the year, averaging about 26 to 27 degrees Celsius (79–81 degrees Fahrenheit) throughout the year.[38]
| Climate data for Balikpapan (Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan Airport) (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1999–2013) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.1 (95.2) | 36.9 (98.4) | 35.2 (95.4) | 34.4 (93.9) | 33.8 (92.8) | 33.9 (93.0) | 33.6 (92.5) | 34.1 (93.4) | 34.0 (93.2) | 34.7 (94.5) | 34.4 (93.9) | 35.0 (95.0) | 36.9 (98.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.7 (89.1) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.1 (88.0) | 30.5 (86.9) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.4 (86.7) | 30.8 (87.4) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.4 (88.5) | 31.4 (88.5) | 31.0 (87.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.2 (81.0) | 27.3 (81.1) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.9 (82.2) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.3 (81.1) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.6 (81.7) | 27.3 (81.1) | 27.5 (81.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 24.3 (75.7) | 24.3 (75.7) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.7 (76.5) | 25.0 (77.0) | 24.7 (76.5) | 24.6 (76.3) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.9 (76.8) | 25.0 (77.0) | 24.7 (76.5) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.7 (76.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 21.7 (71.1) | 20.7 (69.3) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.0 (71.6) | 22.0 (71.6) | 20.8 (69.4) | 21.7 (71.1) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.1 (71.8) | 20.7 (69.3) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 195.1 (7.68) | 209.7 (8.26) | 240.4 (9.46) | 233.6 (9.20) | 239.6 (9.43) | 289.0 (11.38) | 245.0 (9.65) | 167.8 (6.61) | 148.8 (5.86) | 169.0 (6.65) | 210.3 (8.28) | 251.3 (9.89) | 2,599.6 (102.35) |
| Average precipitation days | 14.6 | 12.7 | 14.3 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 15.8 | 13.8 | 10.1 | 9.2 | 11.6 | 13.6 | 16.3 | 161.7 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 74 | 72 | 72 | 74 | 76 | 75 | 75 | 72 | 70 | 71 | 73 | 70 | 73 |
| Mean dailysunshine hours | 4.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 6.4 |
| Mean dailydaylight hours | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12. | 12.1 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.1 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 33 | 42 | 50 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 67 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 42 | 53 |
| Averageultraviolet index | 14 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 14 | 13 | 14 |
| Source 1: Starlings Roost Weather[39] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2:Danish Meteorological Institute (humidity)[40] Weather Atlas (sunshine data)[41] | |||||||||||||
| Sea temperature data for Balikpapan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average sea temperature °C (°F) | 29.1 (84.0) | 28.7 (84.0) | 28.8 (84.0) | 29.2 (84.0) | 29.6 (84.0) | 29.3 (84.0) | 28.8 (84.0) | 28.5 (82.0) | 28.4 (84.0) | 29.3 (84.0) | 29.4 (84.0) | 29.2 (84.0) | 28.9 (83.8) |
| Source: Weather Atlas[41] | |||||||||||||
In Wain River Protection Forest, which is the main water catchment area and habitat forendangered species of Borneo, the community begins to encroach on how to burn it so that during the dry season some areas become barren and damage 40%.[42] The area of Wain River forest reaches 10,000 hectares (25,000 acres), slowly but surely continues to decrease, leaving 9,000 hectares (22,000 acres) with forest conditions that are still good at only 63 percents.[43] Residents around looked for wood to cook in the forest even though the surrounding area had been lined with wire.[43]
Previously between 2000 and 2001, illegal logging occurred in 10 to 15 points in the Wain River forest,[44] and in 2009 thisforest was hit by a fire along with the Manggar River forest which made 15 hectares (37 acres) of forest area engulfed in fire.[43] Thethreat of coal mining from the surrounding area which provides mining permits such asPaser andKutai Kartanegara also disrupts the border ecosystem of Wain River forest.[44]
The urban forest in Telagasari, which was inaugurated in 1996 with an area of 29.4 hectares (73 acres), has now shrunk to just around 8 hectares (20 acres).[45] The forest in the middle of this city has been surrounded by residential areas.[45]
The protected forest of the Manggar River also suffered considerable damage, which is around 60%.[46] The reservoirs in this forest are also threatened because coal mining fields and brick mills were set up so close that there was siltation of reservoir water.[47] The majority of those who founded it were even known to be immigrant communities.[47] In addition, the construction of theSamarinda-Balikpapan toll road planned by the East Kalimantan government which divides the forest for 8 kilometers across the reservoir[48] could damage the quality of the clean water reserve in Balikpapan.[49]
Forest damage resulted in Balikpapan being easily hit by floods and landslides when it was hit by heavy rains.[50]Clean water supply is also decreasing[50] because water absorption is narrowing,[50] erosion is easily to occur[49] and sediment from mining sites that flow into the river worsens[51] and lowers reservoirs,[47] coupled with Balikpapan conditions has few rivers[51] and less fertile land.[52]
The population of the Balikpapan's mascot, thesun bear, has diminished and only 50 are left.[53] This is due tocoal mining which narrows the habitat of sun bears, so they are reluctant to reproduce.[54] In addition to sun bears, other Balikpapan animals that are declared endangered areproboscis monkeys,borneo gibbon,bornean orangutans,pangolin andotter civet.[55] Almostextinct animals in Balikpapan include theBornean Banteng (Bos javanicus lowi), a species of wildbovines.[55]
Balikpapan is bordered byKutai Kartanegara Regency to the North, by theMakassar Strait to the South and East, and byPenajam North Paser Regency to the West. The city is divided into 6districts (kecamatan) subdivided into 34 urban villages (kelurahan) tabulated below with their 2010[56] and 2020[10] Census populations, together with the official estimates as at mid 2024.[2]
| Kode Wilayah | Name of District(kecamatan) | Area in km2 | Pop'n Census2010 | Pop'n Census2020 | Pop'n Estimatemid 2024 | No. of urban villages(kelurahan) | Post codes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64.71.01 | East Balikpapan | 137.158 | 60,664 | 90,243 | 106,968 | 4 | 76116 - 76118 |
| 64.71.02 | West Balikpapan | 179.952 | 83,412 | 94,123 | 99,404 | 6 | 76131 - 76134 |
| 64.71.03 | North Balikpapan (Balikpapan Utara) | 132.166 | 123,214 | 169,150 | 195,158 | 6 | 76125, 76127 - 76129, 76136 |
| 64.71.04 | Central Balikpapan (Balikpapan Tengah) | 11.074 | 98,552 | 106,952 | 106,282 | 6 | 76121 - 76124 |
| 64.71.05 | South Balikpapan (Balikpapan Selatan) | 37.814 | 191,737 | 145,007 | 163,660 | 7 | 76114 - 76115 |
| 64.71.06 | Balikpapan Town (Balikpapan Kota) | 10.225 | (a) | 82,843 | 85,946 | 5 | 76111 - 76114 |
| Totals | 503.305 | 557,579 | 688,318 | 757,418 | 34 |
Notes: (a) the 2010 populations of Balikpapan Town District are included in the 2010 figure for South Balikpapan District, from which they were later split off.
Before 1987, Balikpapan Seberang was originally part of Balikpapan. However, due to enactment of the government regulation no. 21 on 13 October 1987, most of the district (excluding parts of Jenebora and Pantai Lango villages) was transferred intoPaser Regency (Pasir) and later renamed intoPenajam (Sepaku was split in 1996, the two districts are now part ofPenajam North Paser Regency).[57]
During theSuharto dictatorship Balikpapan achieved unprecedented economic growth by attracting foreign investments, particularly in the exploitation of natural and mineral resources. The policy was heavily criticized for uncontrolled environmental damage and corrupt bureaucrats and politicians, but it significantly boosted urban development in resource-rich cities. In the 1970s Balikpapan experienced 7% population growth annually, while exports of timber and petroleum increased dramatically.[23]
The most numerous ethnic group in Balikpapan is the Balik, who form a minority.[58] Based on their origins, migrants come from neighbouring islands such asJava,Madura andSulawesi. Residents come mainly from ethnic migrants who have long settled in Balikpapan, namely from the ethnicBanjar,Bugis,Makassar, andJavanese. Other migrants including ethnicMinahasan,Madurese, andSundanese.[59] At the beginning of June 2014, the population reached 684,339 people with the number of arrivals during 2012 of 21,486 people, the highest number in the past three years.[60] The number of migrants was able to exceed the number of newcomers who entered in Singapore in the same year which was as many as 20,693 inhabitants. The highest number of arrivals came from Java, which was 30%, then followed by Banjar and Bugis each by 20%, Toraja by 11%, Madura by 8%, Buton by 7% and Betawi by 4%.[61]
Based on Indonesian Most Liveable City Index which measured 27 indicators in every 2 years, Balikpapan is the best city for living in 2013 and toppledYogyakarta as the best in 2011 and 2009. Balikpapan mainly maintained city management aspects and environment wellbeing.[62] As part of the Earth Hour City Challenge, Balikpapan was recognized as the Most Loveable City for 2015. In 2016, Balikpapan was nominated for the second time as the most lovable and sustainable city, pending final judgement. However, in 2022, Balikpapan was no longer in the top 10,Samarinda held the top spot.[14][15][16]
Some multinational corporations operate in East Borneo. Companies includingBaker Hughes (US),ChevronTexaco (US),Halliburton (US), Pertamina (Indonesia),Schlumberger (France),Thiess (Australia),TotalEnergies (France) andWeatherford International (US) use Balikpapan as their base of operations in the region. Governmental public services includingBank Indonesia, the Finance Department, Angkasa Pura 1,[63] the Port of Semayang, and several others also attract many people to work in this area.
Balikpapan has been chosen as the site of some important governmental agencies such as Komando Daerah Militer VI Tanjungpura and Kepolisian Daerah Kaltim.[64]
Balikpapan oil refinery is on the shore ofBalikpapan Bay and covers an area of 2.5 square kilometers (0.97 square miles). Founded in 1922, it is the oldest refinery in the area.[citation needed] TheAllies destroyed it in the Second World War and Shell re-built it in 1950. The refinery has two subunits, Balikpapan I and Balikpapan II.[citation needed]
Balikpapan I has two rawoil refinery units that producenaphtha,kerosene, gasoline,diesel fuel, and residue and one high-vacuum unit that produces 100 metric tons (110 short tons) of paraffin oil distillate (POD), used as raw material for wax factories. The wax itself has various grades and is sold domestically and internationally.[citation needed]
Opened on 1 November 1983, Balikpapan II has a hydro-skimming andhydro-cracking refinery and produces petrol,LPG,naphtha,kerosene, anddiesel fuel.[citation needed]
Indonesian government and their Pertamina planning as for 2017 expanding the oil refinery including the area of Persiba Balikpapan FC (old) stadium and Pertamina residents near the refinery. Balikpapan's former mayor Rizal Effendi ask for primarily using Balikpapan peoples as worker that Pertamina needed up to 20.000 new employers.[citation needed]
As of 2024, there are 196 elementary schools (SD), 79 junior high schools (SMP), 29 senior high schools (SMA), and 34 vocational schools (SMK).[65][66][67][68] Some of these are:
There are 13 colleges.[69] some of these are Universitas Balikpapan,Institut Teknologi Kalimantan (ITK), Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan, etc.
_atau_Dome_Balikpapan.jpg)
As a coastal city, Balikpapan has many beaches, including Manggar Beach, Segara Beach, Monument Beach, Kemala Beach, and Brigade Mobile Beach near the police academy. Melawai Beach is the most popular for local citizens.
Balikpapan is a departure point for nature tourism. Wain River Protected Forest, a Balikpapan natural reserve covering 10,000 hectares and also the habitat to a number of endangered animals, like the Beruang Madu (honey bear) which aresun bears endemic to the area,Orangutans andProboscis monkeys orBekantan. Wain river reserve, moreover, houses a number of endangered plants. Near Balikpapan is also a crocodile farm called Teritip, in Lamaru.[70]
There is also a well-known forest site which has been developed for visitors atBukit Bangkirai rainforest, about 45 minutes by car from Balikpapan.[71]
A mangrove forest at Kariangau is a worthwhile tourist attraction at Balikpapan. There are still some Japanese artillery sites fromWorld War II, and there is a military monument at Kampung Baru.[72]
It is the first Botanical Garden in Kalimantan as a part ofHutan Lindung Sungai Wain (Wain River Conservation Forest) with total area 10,000 hectares (25,000 acres) and still hasorangutan,sunbear, deer, and some endemic species of Kalimantan birds.[73] Balikpapan Botanical Garden, which is located at kilometer 15 on Jalan Soekarno Hatta, was officially opened on 20 August 2014. It has 1,200 types of lowland hardwood trees, covers 309.22 hectares (764.1 acres) and is known as the "green open space" of the city.[74] At the opening ceremony, Forestry Minister Zulkifli Hasan expressed the hope that the Botanical Garden would rivalGardens by the Bay inSingapore.[75]
As one of the fastest developing cities in the nation, Balikpapan has been supported by the rise of shopping centers. There are six major shopping malls in town which are Plaza Balikpapan, Balikpapan Superblock, Pentacity Mall Balikpapan, Balcony City, Mall Fantasy in Balikpapan Baru, Ocean Square and Plaza Kebun Sayur.[76]
Balikpapan is served bySultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan International Airport, which was previously known as Sepinggan airport. The airport has capacity to serve 10 million passengers per year, as well as immigration, passenger convenience, company reps offices, restaurants, shopping and many others. The airport is equipped with 11 aerobridges and four-level parking garages.[77][78]
There are several public and private sea ports located atBalikpapan Bay. Semayang seaport serves commercial boats to many destinations to Indonesia includingJakarta,Makassar,Manado,Pare Pare andSurabaya. In the 1990s maritime transport was very popular. Today, due to more affordable and efficient airplane travel, more people choose to fly. Taking the ferry is a main choice for traveling to Penajam. Kariangau Seaport was built to serve containers and all other industrial needs. It is located in km.13, as part of Kariangau Industrial Estate.[79]
There are various kinds of local transport, includingangkot,ojek,taxicabs andshuttle bus service.Online transportation are also available.
Since 2024, Balikpapan City Trans (Bacitra) has served the city with 3 corridors.
The main bus terminal in Balikpapan is Terminal Batu Ampar (located in Batu Ampar, Balikpapan Utara) and one of major destination rute isSamarinda.
Balikpapan is connected byTrans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route. From Balikpapan to Samarinda, the highway runs in parallel with the firstcontrolled-access expressway in Borneo, theBalikpapan–Samarinda Toll Road was operational by the beginning of 2020 in section 2–4, and opened in section 1 and 5 in May 2021.[80] Balikpapan–Samarinda toll road is notoriously wasteful because it isthe loneliest toll road in Indonesia,[81] costing 9.9 trillion rupiahs with a bumpy surface.[82]
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Media related toBalikpapan at Wikimedia Commons
Balikpapan travel guide from Wikivoyage| Districts (Subdistricts) |  | |
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Capital:Samarinda | ||||
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| 1,000,000–1,999,999 | |
| 500,000–999,999 | |
| 300,000–499,999 | |
| 200,000–299,999 | |
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