TheBalfour Mission, also referred to as theBalfour Visit, was a formal diplomatic visit to the United States by the British government duringWorld War I, shortly after theUnited States declaration of war on Germany (1917).

The mission's purpose was to promote wartime cooperation, and to assess the war-readiness of Britain's new partner.^[2] British Foreign SecretaryArthur Balfour, PresidentWoodrow Wilson and Wilson's chief advisor,Colonel House, had a meeting that discussed the secret treaties which bound Britain and France to Italy and others. Members of the delegation met with many senior leaders in the national government, finance, industry and politics, to explain the British positions. Other meetings dealt with the supply of munitions and other exports, and the proposedBalfour Declaration.

France sent a separate mission at the same time, and these were followed later in 1917 by missions from Italy, Russia, Belgium and Japan, all of whom were invited to address the US Congress.^[3]

The mission left England on 11 April and arrived in Washington, on 22 April, having landed inHalifax, Nova Scotia on 20 April.^[4][5]

Balfour addressed both houses of Congress – the House of Representatives on 5 May^[6][7] and the Senate on 8 May^[4][8][9] – becoming the first British person to do so.^[10]

Balfour, ColonelEdward M. House and Wilson dined at the White House on 30 April, after which Balfour recounted the details of the secret treaties regarding Italy and the Near East to Wilson. On 18 May, Balfour sent Wilson copies of theSykes-Picot Agreement, the Allied Notes of March–April 1915, theTreaty of London (1915) and theTreaty of Bucharest (1913).^[11]

Cecil Spring Rice, the British ambassador to the United States, stated that the mission had created "an entirely new atmosphere in Anglo- American relations".^[10]

The travelling party included:^[2][5]

• Arthur Balfour, Britishforeign secretary and former prime minister
• Walter Cunliffe, 1st Baron Cunliffe, governor of theBank of England
• Sir Eric Drummond, who in 1920 became the first secretary-general of the League of Nations (1920–1933)
• Ian Malcolm
• Cecil Dormer
• Geoffrey G. Butler
• Tom Bridges, major general
• Herbert Henry Spender-Clay
• Dudley de Chair, admiral who was Naval Adviser to Foreign Office on Blockade Affairs
• Vincent Lawford

Others in the party included:

• War Office — Colonel Goodwin,Colonel Langhorne,Major L. W. B. Rees, and MajorC. E. Dansey
• Blockade Department Experts —Lord Eustace Percy;Andrew Archibald Paton; F. P. Robinson, of the Board of Trade; S. McKenna, of the War Trade Intelligence Department, and M. D. Peterson of the Foreign Trade Department, Foreign Office.
• Wheat Commission —Alan Anderson, Chairman, and H. D. Vigor.
• Munitions —Walter Layton (Later Baron Layton), Director of Requirements and Statistics Branch, Secretariat of the Ministry of Munitions; C. T. Phillips, American and Transport Department, Ministry of Munitions; Captain Leeming, Mr. Amos.
• Ordnance and Lines of Communication — Captain Heron.
• Supplies and Transports — Major F. K. Puckle.

• Diplomatic history of World War I

• Burk, Kathleen (24 April 2014)."The Balfour Mission, April—May 1917: the American Giant Awakens".Britain, America and the Sinews of War 1914–1918 (RLE The First World War). Routledge.ISBN 978-1-317-70051-7.
• GPO (1917).Visiting War Missions to the United States: Proceedings in the Senate and House of Representatives, Congress of the United States, on the Occasion of the Receptions Tendered to the War Missions of France, Great Britain, Italy, Russia, Belgium, and Japan. Fb &C Limited.ISBN 978-1-332-83156-2.{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
• Loper, Richard Lee (1967).The Balfour Mission: Anglo-American Diplomacy, April–May, 1917.
• Tillman, Seth P. (8 December 2015).Anglo-American Relations at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. Princeton University Press.ISBN 978-1-4008-7672-3.
• Towne, Charles Hanson (1 September 2015).The Balfour Visit: How America Received Her Distinguished Guest. BiblioBazaar.ISBN 978-1-341-06014-4.Archived from the original on 21 April 2017.
• Venzon, Anne Cipriano (2 December 2013)."Balfour Mission".The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 63.ISBN 978-1-135-68453-2.Archived from the original on 3 February 2014.

• 1917 conferences
• 1917 in international relations
• 1917 in Washington, D.C.
• 1917 in the United Kingdom
• April 1917
• May 1917
• World War I conferences
• Diplomatic conferences in the United States
• United Kingdom in World War I
• United States home front during World War I
• United Kingdom–United States relations
• Diplomatic visits to the United States
• Arthur Balfour
• Presidency of Woodrow Wilson

• CS1 errors: ISBN date