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Baldenheim Bàldene | |
|---|---|
 A house in Baldenheim | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of Baldenheim | |
  Baldenheim  Baldenheim | |
| Coordinates:48°14′19″N7°32′21″E / 48.2386°N 7.5392°E /48.2386; 7.5392 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Bas-Rhin |
| Arrondissement | Sélestat-Erstein |
| Canton | Sélestat |
| Intercommunality | Sélestat |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–2026) | Virginie Muhr[1] |
Area 1 | 9.44 km2 (3.64 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[2] | 1,254 |
| • Density | 133/km2 (344/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 67019 /67600 |
| Elevation | 165–172 m (541–564 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Baldenheim (French pronunciation:[baldənaim]ⓘ) is acommune in theBas-Rhindepartment in theAlsace region of north-easternFrance.
The commune has been awardedtwo flowers by theConseil National des Villes et Villages Fleuris (National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom) in the cities and villages in bloom competition.[3]
Baldenheim is located in thecanton of Sélestat and thearrondissement of Sélestat-Erstein in the centre of theAlsace region on the alluvial plain of theRhine, 45 kilometres (28 mi) south ofStrasbourg, 26 kilometres (16 mi) north by north-east ofColmar and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) east ofSélestat. Access to the commune is by the D605 fromHessenheim in the south which passes through the village and continues north toMuttersholtz. The D209 comes fromSchwobsheim in the east and passes through the village continuing west to join the D21 near the commune border. The D208 goes south-west from the village toMussig.[4]
The commune is at the centre of a flat alluvial plain and is part of theRied Natural Region. Thewater table is only 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) below the surface on average. Water pierces the clay layer and gives rise to waterways. TheIll river flows relatively calmly across the plain. Like all the rivers in Vosges it is subject to an oceanic regime which is characterized by high winter waters and low summer waters, contrary to the Rhine. The last catastrophic flood occurred in May 1983. The climate is of semi-continental type with about 600 millimetres (24 in) of rain per year. Temperature differences are particularly marked: summers can be very hot and the winters harsh.
The commune outside the urban area has five distinct types of landscape:
About 80% of the utilized agricultural area is cultivated.
TheIll, the Blind and numerous streams flow north through the commune, all eventually merging with the Ill which joins the Rhine atPlobsheim.
Places adjacent to Baldenheim | |
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Bandenheim, 1182
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There is aMerovingian andCarolingian Cemetery with a hundred graves which attest to the ancient occupation of the commune. Most of the tombs are shallow between 0.50–0.60 metres (1 ft 8 in – 2 ft 0 in) below the topsoil) and contained no ornaments with disturbed skeletons indicating plundering long ago. Another group of burials are deeper (between 1.20–1.50 metres (3 ft 11 in – 4 ft 11 in) and contained relatively rich ornaments (brooches in bronze and silver partitioned withgarnet, glass beads, glass paste necklaces, amber necklaces and other objects from the second half of the 6th century and the second third of the 7th century. The ornaments collected from Baldenheim are from a time period between 550 and 650.
Baldenheim appeared in a document from the second half of the 7th century in the form ofBaldenheim Villa. The name of this village, according to legend, is that the Devil one day lost his hat. He refused to retrieve it saying, "B'haltene" (keep it). The village did not have a name at that time and adopted thisonomatopoeia. But the name Baldenheim does appear in the 9th century.
TheProtestant Reformation was introduced in 1576. A castle was built in 1740 and destroyed in 1821. TheSimultaneau in 1843 provoked a violent conflict between the two religious communities (Protestant and Catholic). In the 19th century there was significant growth in weaving and there were 150 weavers in the commune. In the last third of the 19th century, the co-operative movement developed in the commune. A savings bank was founded in 1890 and a dairy co-operative operated until 1981.
In 1324, the village belonged to theDuchy of Württemberg. It had then been given in fief to the Rathsamhausen zum Stein family. Upon the extinction of this noble family,Louis XIV gave it to the engineer of Chamlay, leaving it for him to pay tribute to the Duke of Württemberg who, on the death of the commander of Chamlay, passed the fief to the family of Sandersleben-Coligny. Before theFrench Revolution it was owned by the Waldner Freundstein family whose castle was demolished in 1820. From the 19th century, home weaving occupied a very important place in the local economy.
Baldenheim is known for its festival of "Pfingstpflitteri" which was held for the tenth time in 1999.
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In July 1902, Oscar Pfiffer discovered some objects in his field atLange Gasse. A more thorough search uncovered a ceremonial helmet and other Merovingian objects. A study published in 1907 by R. Henning made Baldenheim the eponymous site for this type of helmet with 30 examples identified at this time.
The Baldenheim Helmet is now on display at theMuseum of Archaeology inStrasbourg.
| Blazon: Gules, a coutre knife Argent in pale point to base, blade to dexter. |
 |
| From | To | Name |
|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2020 | Willy Schwander |
| 2020 | 2026 | Virginie Muhr |
The inhabitants of the commune are known asBaldenheimois orBaldenheimoises in French.[6]
Historical population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source: EHESS[7] and INSEE[8] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The ratio of active population to total population of the commune has grown above the cantonal average. There is also evidence that unemployment has decreased.
Fruit and vegetables, flowers and plants are cultivated in the commune and there are a dozen pig farmers.
The number of farms has decreased but orchards are still important and the commune is known for its "white apples of Baldenheim".
The village enjoys a relatively high level of economic activity and expansion. There are 440 jobs available in the commune to over 1,000 inhabitants.
The commune has many buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
[9]
which is registered as an historical object.[10] is registered as an historical object.[11] is registered as an historical object.[12] is registered as an historical object.[13]The commune has several religious buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments:
[14] The Cemetery has three items that are registered as historical objects:[18] In the 7th century Baldenheim had a chapel or a church which was part of the property ofEbersmunster Abbey. The parish church is attested from 1371. Thenave was enlarged during theRomanesque period or the beginning of theGothic period. TheChoir is from the 15th century. The bell tower was only accessible from within the choir. The slots for light were reallyArrowslits and the presence of humpback stones in the corner stones, usually reserved for the military architecture, suggest a fortified building with a surveillance function. TheProtestant Reformation was introduced in 1576 and resulted in changes to the building including the nave.Simultaneum mixtum (a "shared church") was established in the middle of the 18th century. In 1749, the Catholics regained possession of the choir until the construction of a new Catholic church in 1938. The Lords of Baldenheim, who owned the village, attended the service from their box hung like a balcony inside the choir. The access door to this box is still visible. The funeral plaques inside the church, made between the 15th and 18th century, show Alsatian noble history. Inside the church there are two tombstones for the Rathsamhausen family. In 1939, the return of exclusive Protestant worship lead to new works in the nave which were suspended because of theSecond World War. The murals were updated during restoration work in 1992-1993 and date from the 14th and 15th centuries. Those in the choir were done using drawings byMartin Schongauer, the famous writer and Alsatian painter. This medieval painted decoration is of unique importance in Alsace. The church has many items that are registered as historical objects:[19] These paintings were probably made from the drawings of the famous Alsatian writerMartin Schongauer and were discovered during the restoration of the church in 1904. Other frescoes were found when working in the nave in 1939. Observations were then made and the paintings were covered with protective whitewash.[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] In 1576, the Parish Church of Saint Blaise became Protestant. Around 1758 asimultaneum (simultaneous worship) was established with the patron saint Louis in honour ofLouis XIV. In the 19th century the simultaneous pursuit of both faiths encountered difficulties. Both religions practiced simultaneously and alternately in the churches, conducted by the people in place. To prevent access to the choir by the Lutherans it was closed off by a grill. Similarly, a large green curtain hid the tabernacle from their sight and, so as not to obstruct the view of the Catholic altar, the Lutherans equipped the curtain with wheels. The simultaneum lasted until 1938 when the new Catholic church was inaugurated. Violent clashes took place in 1843. The construction of a church dedicated to Catholic worship was then considered. The laying of the first stone was done only in 1937. It was Monseigneur Ruch, Bishop of Strasbourg, who came personally to consecrate Saint Louis church when it was completed in 1939, just before the start of the Second World War. The church has four items that are registered as historical objects:[30][31][32][33][34]
(in French)
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