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Balarama Dasa

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Odia poet

Krupasiddha Matta Balarama Dasa
Statue of Balarama Dasa at Erabanga, his native place
Native name	ବଳରାମ ଦାସ
Born	c. 1472 Puri
Died	c. 1556
Occupation	Poet, Saint
Language	Odia
Genre	Puranas, spiritual history, philosophy, yoga Odissi music
Notable works	Jagamohana Ramayana, Lakshmi Purana

KrupasiddhaBalarama Dasa^[1]^[2] (alternatively spelledBalaram Das;Odia:[bɔl̪ɔraːmɔd̪aːsɔ]^ⓘ;c. 1474-1522) was a mystic seer-poet who wrote in Odia, best known as the author of the voluminousJagamohana Ramayana orDandi Ramayana. He was one of the five great poets inOdia literature, the 'Panchasakhā^[3]' namedAnanta Dasa,Jagannatha Dasa,Jasobanta Dasa andAchyutananda Dasa during theBhakti age of literature. He was the eldest of the five. The honorificKrupāsiddhā orKrupāsāgara, meaning 'bestowed with divine grace' is used for him by tradition.^[4]^[5]

Personal life

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Not much is known about his early life. From his own writings it is known that he was the son of Somanatha Mahapatra and Jamuna Debi who belonged toKaran community.^[6]^[7]^[8] Balarama Dasa hailed from an aristocratic family; his father, Somanatha, a minister in the Gajapati Empire, belonged to the Karana community. Somanatha was a devout follower of LordJagannath and raised Balarama in a deeply religious environment. He was known by the title Mahamantri Somanatha Mohapatra in theGajapati Empire.^[9]^[10]^[11] Balarama Dasa also served as a minister inPrataparudra Deva's court and originally belonged to the village of Erabanga in Puri district.^[12] He was educated and was well versed in Sanskrit. Balarama naturally grew to be proficient in both Odia and Sanskrit.^[13] He became a devotee of Jagannatha.^[14] It is speculated that he died while on a pilgrimage to Puri in Begunia village near Konark. There is a memorial for him near this village.^[15]

Literary works

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Jagannatha triad worshipped by the poet, Erabanga, Odisha

Dasa translated the Ramayana to Odia. It is also known asJagamohana Ramayana or Dandi Ramayana. More than a translation, the work is a transcreation, as it deviates in many ways from the original. In some parts he goes against the original text and in some parts follows the original text closely and yet in some other parts he creates entirely new narratives.^[5]^[16]

He also broke new grounds by translating the Bhagabat Gita into Odia. Before this the philosophical and theological texts were not translated into Odia. Even in Odia Mahabharata bySarala Dasa, the portion containing Bhagabata Gita was omitted by the author. Balarama Dasa was subsequently persecuted by the priestly class for his translation of Bhagabata Gita.^[5]he Bhavishya Malika text was written by Panchsakhas and Balrama Das Ji was also one of them.^[17] His other works are as below.^[14]^[4]^[18]

He has also contributed to the religious texts of Bhavishya Malika,^[19] which are known to have been written by the Panchasakhas^[20] in theOdiya language.

References

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^Satpathy, Sumanyu; Nayak, Jatindra K. (2015).""Mad" Balarama Dasa and His "Rāmāyana"".Indian Literature.59 (3 (287)):10–12.ISSN 0019-5804.JSTOR 44478655.
^Bahinipati, Priyadarshi (2017-02-20).Jagamohana Ramayana. The Epic of Balarama Dasa. Anchor Academic Publishing.ISBN 978-3-96067-624-9.
^Mahanta, Brajabandhu (15 April 2018)."Pancha Sakhas of Medieval Odisha".History of Odisha.
^^a ^bMukherjee, S. (1998).A Dictionary of Indian Literature: Beginnings-1850. Orient Longman. p. 35.ISBN 978-81-250-1453-9. Retrieved2019-08-27.
^^a ^b ^cSt-Pierre, P.; Kar, P.C. (2007).In Translation: Reflections, Refractions, Transformations. Benjamins translation library. John Benjamins Pub. p. 171.ISBN 978-90-272-1679-3. Retrieved2019-08-27.
^Mukherjee, Prabhat (1981).The History of Medieval Vaishnavism in Orissa. Asian Educational Services.ISBN 978-81-206-0229-8.
^Pradhan, Atul Chandra (1984).A Study of History of Orissa: From the Earliest Times to Mukundadeva. Panchashila.
^Mukherjee, Prabhat (1981).The History of the Gajapati Kings of Orissa and Their Successors. Kitab Mahal.
^Williams, Joanna (2023-12-22).The Two-Headed Deer: Illustrations of the Ramayana in Orissa. Univ of California Press.ISBN 978-0-520-32182-3.
^Citaristi, Ileana (2022-10-06).Odissi and the Geeta Govinda. Taylor & Francis.ISBN 978-1-000-78098-7.
^Dalal, Roshen (2014-04-18).Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin UK.ISBN 978-81-8475-277-9.
^Dasa, Balarama (2017). Sahoo, Dr. Niranjana (ed.).Bhakta Kabi Balarama Dasa Granthabaliଭକ୍ତକବି ବଳରାମ ଦାସ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥାବଳୀ [Collected works of Bhakta Kabi Balarama Dasa] (in Odia). Vol. 1 (1 ed.). Cuttack, Odisha: Odisha Book Emporium.
^Patnaik, H.S.; Parida, A.N. (1996).Aspects of socio-cultural life in early and medieval Orissa. DSA Programme, Post Graduate Dept. of History, Utkal University. Retrieved2019-08-27.
^^a ^bDalal, R. (2014).Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books Limited. p. 260.ISBN 978-81-8475-277-9. Retrieved2019-08-27.
^Dalal, R. (2014).Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books Limited. p. 261.ISBN 978-81-8475-277-9. Retrieved2019-08-27.
^Paniker, K.A.; Sahitya Akademi (1997).Medieval Indian Literature: Surveys and selections. Sahitya Akademi. p. 401.ISBN 978-81-260-0365-5. Retrieved2019-08-27.
^"Who are the authors of the sacred scripture Bhaviṣya Mālikā?".Bhavishya Malika.
^""Panchasakha"-Sri Balaram Das".ReportOdisha.com. 2015-10-28. Retrieved2019-08-27.
^"Bhavishya Malika Predictions 2025".The Times Of India. p. 1.
^"PanchaSakhaā - Five Saints and Sada Goswāmi - Six Lords".Sri Gobardhana Pitha Garoi Asshram.

v t e Odissi music
Compositions	Odissi Chhanda Champu Chautisa Bhajana Janana Gita Govinda Malasri Charyapada
Instruments	Mardala Mrudanga (Khola) Khanjani Bina
Composers	KabirājaJayadeva Bachha Dasa Damodara Dasa Panchasakha (Balarama Dasa AtibadiJagannatha Dasa Jasobanta Dasa SisuAnanta Dasa Achyutananda Dasa) Salabega Dinakrushna Dasa Kabi SamrataUpendra Bhanja Biswanatha Khuntia Brajanath Badajena Banamali Dasa KabisurjyaBaladeba Ratha Utkala GhantaJadumani Mahapatra Sadananda Kabisurjya Brahma Bidagdha KabiAbhimanyu Samantasinghara Bhakta Charana Dasa KabikalahansaGopalakrusna Pattanayaka Sadhaka KabiGourahari Parichha KabichandraRaghunatha Parichha Gauracharana Adhikari Benudhara Pattanayaka Gadadhara Singhasamanta Lokanatha Pattnaik KabichandraKalicharan Pattnaik
Treatises	Sangita Sara Gita Prakasa Sangita Narayana Sangita Muktabalī Sangita Kalpalatika Sangitarnavachandrika Sangita Koumudi
Gurus	Gokul Srichandan Seikh Khan Mohammed Basudeb Mahapatra Lokenath Kanungo Harihara Rayaguru Gobinda Chandra Suradeo Upendranath Tripathy PrabhupadaMohan Sundar Deb Goswami Gayaka SiromaniApanna Panigrahi KabichandraKali Charan Patnaik Shyamsundar Dhir BanikanthaNimai Charan Harichandan Astabadhani AcharyaTarini Charan Patra AdiguruSinghari Shyamsundar Kar Nrusingha Nath Khuntia Jagabandhu Sahu Markandeya Mahapatra Paschimeswar Jena Lokanath Rath Kashinath Pujapanda Biswanatha Pujapanda Lokanath Pala Sangita SudhakaraBalakrushna Dash Sukadeb Patri Bisnupriya Samantasinghar Binapani Mohanty Bina Debi Binapani Mishra Radhamani Mahapatra SuramaniRaghunath Panigrahi Shyamamani Devi Akhil Kumar Lenka PadmakesariDamodar Hota Bhajana SamrataBhikari Charan Bal Gopal Chandra Panda Bhubaneswari Mishra Sudha Mishra Ramarao Patra (Bina) Ramhari Das
Mardala	Singhari Shyamsundar Kar Chakradhar Sahu Padmanabha Panda Mahadev Rout Kashinath Muduli Banamali Maharana Dhaneswar Swain Satchidananda Das
Kabyas	Gita Govinda Usabhilasa Rasakallola Baidehisa Bilasa Koti Brahmanda Sundari Labanyabati Bichitra Ramayana Bidagdha Chintamani Mathura Mangala Kisorachandrananda Champu
Allied artforms	Odissi dance Mahari Goṭipua Pala Prahallada Nataka Radha Prema Lila Dasakathia Bharata Lila Rabana Chhaya

Jagannath worship

Deities

Temples

Odisha	Puri Gundicha Baripada Gunupur Koraput Nayagarh Bhubaneswar Kendrapara Chhatia Bata Dharakote Patali Srikhetra Barbil
Rest of India	Agartala Ahmedabad Alwar Bangalore Chennai Delhi Dibrugarh Digha Hajo Hyderabad Ranchi Medinipur Mahesh
Abroad	Comilla Dhamrai Pabna South Africa Sialkot

Festivals

Texts

Devotees

Authority control databases
International	ISNI 2 VIAF 2 3 GND FAST WorldCat
National	United States 2
Other	IdRef Open Library