Bakar | |
|---|---|
| Grad Bakar Town of Bakar | |
       _-_panoramio.jpg) | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Bakar Location of Bakar in Croatia | |
| Coordinates:45°19′40″N14°32′10″E / 45.32778°N 14.53611°E /45.32778; 14.53611 | |
| Country |  Croatia |
| Region | Central Croatia (Croatian Littoral) |
| County |  Primorje-Gorski Kotar |
| Settled | 1st century |
| Named | 1288 |
| Free city | May 13, 1798 |
| RoyalBorough | April 23, 1799 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Tomislav Klarić (HDZ) |
| • City Council | 15 members[1]
|
| Area | |
• Town | 125.5 km2 (48.5 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 3.0 km2 (1.2 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[3] | |
• Town | 7,573 |
| • Density | 60.34/km2 (156.3/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,187 |
| • Urban density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Area code | 051 |
| Website | bakar |
Bakar is a town in thePrimorje-Gorski Kotar County in westernCroatia. The population of the town was 8,279 according to the 2011 Croatian census, including 1,473 in the titular settlement.[4] Ninety percent of the population declared themselvesCroats by ethnicity. The largest ethnic minority are theSerbs with 2.91% of the population. The old part of Bakar is situated on a hill overlooking theBay of Bakar.Bakar is theCroatian word for "copper".
Bakar is a port for bulk cargo and used to be known for its industrial complex that included acoke factory, which produced a considerable amount of pollution. Bakar's coke factory was closed in 1995 and the area's pollution has subsided significantly. The historical core of Bakar was registered as a culturalmonument in 1968.[5]
There are 9 settlements in the Municipality of Bakar and they include (population as of 2021):[3][6]
Since records began in 1997, the highest temperature recorded at the local weather station was 39.0 °C (102.2 °F), on 19 July 2007.[7] The coldest temperature was −9.5 °C (14.9 °F), on 3 February 2012.[8]
In 1895, the Bakar held the status of "city" (Croatian:grad), with an area of 3.3995 square kilometres (1.3126 mi2), belonging directly to thežupanija ofModruš-Rijeka (Ogulin court and financial board). There were 408 houses, with a population of 1950. Its 3 villages hamlets were encompassed for taxation purposes by a singleporezna obćina. The city had no statistical markets.[9]: vi, vii
In 1910, the court of Bakar encompassed an area of 143 square kilometres (55 mi2), with a population of 12,929. Bakar had its owncadastral jurisdiction andbusiness court.[10]: xxxii
| population | 11497 | 10401 | 10022 | 9977 | 9804 | 9603 | 10137 | 8658 | 6953 | 7079 | 7788 | 8008 | 7469 | 7577 | 7773 | 8279 | 7573 |
| 1857 | 1869 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1921 | 1931 | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 2021 |
Bakar was granted its coat of arms andtown privileges in 1799 byFrancis II, Holy Roman Emperor. The coat of arms was in the artistic style typical for the period, with acartouche with large landscapes and ornamentation around the shield within a circular inscription.
The shield of the coat of arms features a red-and-white checkered top or "chief", with three local gray stone castles on green hills in the middle, and a black anchor on orange at the bottom.
In 1607 and 1608,Nikola VI Zrinski complained to theSlavonian Sabor about certain violent acts committed by the soldiers ofSenj in theBay of Bakar, where they plundered and wrecked two ships loaded with oil and grain.[11]: 485 [12]: 515, 516
In 1616, Venetian vessels had attempted to invade Bakar but was repelled by the local population with reinforcements fromRijeka
In July 1876,[13] asavings bank opened in Bakar. It competed with the savings bank inKraljevica (established 1873), forcing it intobankruptcy in 1878.[14]: 6
In the late 19th and early 20th century, Bakar was a district capital in theModruš-Rijeka County of theKingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.
In February 1918, duringWorld War I,Gabriele D'Annunzio andCostanzo Ciano took part in a daring, if militarily irrelevant,naval raid on the harbour of Bakar (known in Italy asLa beffa di Buccari, lit. "The Bakar mockery"), helping to raise the spirits of the Italian public.
After WWI, from the end of 1920, Bakar was one of the major points of entry of thousands ofRussian refugees, arriving in theKingdom of SHS following the end of theRussian Civil War in the European part of the formerRussian Empire, mostly fromCrimea, after the final defeat of White armies under generalWrangel there in November 1920.
In 1930, anHKD Napredak branch was founded in Bakar.[15]
During WW II, in Bakar was anItalian concentration camp, where civil population fromProvince of Ljubljana,[16] as well as Croats and Serbs was interned. It the peak, there was 893 internees.[17]
The last two days of November 2008, the maximum wave height at Bakar reached 117 centimetres (46 in) above the average sea level, higher than ever recorded since records began there in 1929. Little rain fell, but the city was flooded anyway thanks to a strongsirocco wind. Firefighters had to pump water from basements and theHEP had to repair broken power lines.[18]
In 1972 directorRadley Metzger filmed his movieScore in Bakar, Croatia.
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Subdivisions ofPrimorje-Gorski Kotar County | ||
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| Municipalities | ||
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