Baduy
Basa Baduy Basa Sunda Kanékés
Pronunciation	[ba.dʊj],[ka.nɛ.kɛs]
Native to	Indonesia
Region	Banten Province
Ethnicity	Baduy
Native speakers	11,620 (2015 census)[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian disputed: Malayo-Sumbawan orGreater North Borneo Sundanese–Baduy Baduy
Early form	Old Sundanese
Writing system	Initially it was spoken language. There is no official writing system used for Baduy, but for the purposes of linguistic analysis, theLatin (especially Sundanese alphabet) is used to write Baduy.
Language codes
ISO 639-3	bac
Glottolog	badu1237
Linguasphere	31-MFN-b
Areas where the Baduy language is spoken predominately   areas where the Baduy language is spoken in a minority
Baduy is not endangered according to the classification system of theUNESCOAtlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Baduy (or sometimes referred to asKanekes) is one of theSundanese-Baduy languages spoken predominantly by theBaduy people.^[2] It is conventionally considered a dialect of Sundanese,^[3] but it is often considered a separate language due to its diverging vocabulary and cultural reasons that differ from the rest of theSundanese people.^[4] Native speakers of the Baduy language are spread in regions around the Mount Kendeng,Rangkasbitung district ofLebak Regency andPandeglang Regency,Banten Province,Indonesia. It is estimated that there are 11,620 speakers as of 2015.^[1]

Just like Sundanese, Baduy based onlinguistic typology is a language that sequences sentence structure elements of typesubject–verb–object word order. As anagglutinative language, Baduy has variousaffixes which are still productive.Verbs can be distinguished intotransitive andintransitive forms, as well asactive andpassive.

The position of Sundanese-Baduy languages is still being debated between theMalayo-Sumbawan andGreater North Borneo which are both in the branchMalayo-Polynesian inAustronesian languages.^{[a][failed verification]}

Some reference sources classify Baduy as part ofBanten Sundanese dialect.^[6] However, unlike some other Sundanese dialects in theBanten which has been mixed with elements of non-Sundanese languages, Baduy only gets a littleinfluence from other languages and still retains somelanguage elements ofOld Sundanese as its predecessor,^[7] this contrasts when compared to several other Sundanese dialects which are considered more modern.^[8]

Baduy is one of theregional languages in Indonesia and its existence is sufficiently preserved by the localgovernment, although research on this language is still relatively small. The use of the Baduy language is considered as the most important marker of ethnic identity for theBaduy people. Even though the Baduy themselves are anisolated society, in fact some of them havebilingual ability, which means they can also communicate usingIndonesian in their daily lives, especially when speaking with others from outside the Baduy who come to their area.

Ethnologue classifies Baduy as a language with level 6a which is categorized asvigorous (strong) on the EGIDS scale,^[b] and its development shows a positive attitude.

There is no difference between Baduy and Sundanese and several other dialects inphonology.^[9]Phonemes Both languages these show the same number of phonemes, as many as 25 phonemes with 7 vowel phonemes and 18 consonant phonemes. However, for the phonemes /ə/, /o/, /ɨ/, and /i/ in Baduy there are variations in usage, such as in the wordstolu,teulu andtilu 'three',euweuh andoweuh 'none', andenya andonya 'yes'.^[9]

Vowel phonemes in Baduy are /ɛ/⟨é⟩, /a/, /ɨ/⟨eu⟩, /ə/⟨e⟩, /i/, /ɔ /⟨o⟩ and /u/.

The 18 Baduy consonant phonemes can be described in the following table.

In terms ofaccent or word pressure and intonation, the Baduy show a very prominent characteristic. Words with twosyllables generally get the stress increasing on the first syllable, then decreasing on the second, such ashéjo becomeshéj'jo (green),dukun becomesduk'kun (shaman),iheung becomesih'heung (I don't know) and others.^[10]

Intonation in sentences is indeed a distinct characteristic found in Baduy. Sometimes in a sentence it ends withtone downsound, or with a flat tone. Likewise, theinterrogative sentence does not always end with a rising voice, but sometimes it ends with a lowering voice.^[11]

The Baduy community (especially the Inner Baduy) are generally a society that is isolated from the outside world so that the language they use is not much influenced by languages that exist outside their territory such asIndonesian or other Sundanese dialects. In general, the influence of language from outside like this is only found in thePanamping Baduy or Outer Baduy.^[12]

At thelexicon level, for examplevocabulary, there are several typical Baduy vocabularies that are not found or are not commonly used in several other Sundanese dialects, especiallyPriangan Sundanese. A comparison of several differences between the Baduy lexicon and standard Sundanese can be seen in the table below. Other typical lexicons can be seen inhere.

Changeslexical found between Baduy and Sundanese can be analyzed and grouped into several types of processes, some of which are in the form of vocabulary that can be found between the two languages such as for examplebeurat[bɤrat] 'heavy' with different variations such asabot [abot] in standard Sundanese andbadot [badot] 'heavy' in Baduy language.^[24] The second type of lexical change is in the form of vocabulary that can be found between the two languages but the variations are only found in Baduy language, for examplebeulah [bɤlah] 'split' andbareuh [barɤh] 'swelling' with typical Baduy variationsbencar [bəncar] 'split' andkembung [kəmbʊŋ] 'swelling' which is not found in standard Sundanese.^[24] The next type of lexical change can be in the form of vocabulary that is not related to each other between Baduy and standard Sundanese, for examplenyaring [ɲarɪŋ] 'lying' in Bedouin withngagolér [ŋagolεr] 'lay' in standard Sundanese.^[25] The type of lexical change that others are in the form of vocabulary whosepronunciation differs between Baduy and standard Sundanese with variations found only in Baduy, for exampleenteu [əntɤ] 'no' in Indonesian Baduy withhenteu [həntɤ] 'no' in standard Sundanese with typical Baduy variationsmoan [mowan] 'no'.^[26]

Look upLampiran:Daftar Swadesh bahasa Badui in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related toBaduy language.

Baduy language test ofWikipedia atWikimedia Incubator

• Baduy lemmas list onWiktionary
• Online Baduy Cultural Dictionary
• Badui | Ethnologue
• OLAC resources in and about the Badui language

• Sundanese language
• Languages of Indonesia

• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Articles containing Badui-language text
• Pages with plain IPA
• Language articles with Linguasphere code
• ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue
• All articles with failed verification
• Articles with failed verification from June 2023
• Commons category link from Wikidata