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TheBN-600 reactor is asodium-cooledfast breeder reactor, built at theBeloyarsk Nuclear Power Station, inZarechny, Sverdlovsk Oblast,Russia. It has a 600 MWe gross capacity and a 560 MWe net capacity, provided to theMiddle Uralspower grid. It has been in operation since 1980 and represents an improvement to the precedingBN-350 reactor. In 2014, its larger sister reactor, theBN-800 reactor, began operation.
The plant is apool type LMFBR, where the reactor, coolant pumps, intermediate heat exchangers and associated piping are all located in a common liquidsodium pool. The reactor system is housed in a concrete rectilinear building and provided with filtration and gas containment.
In the first 24 years of operations, there have been 12 water-into-sodium leaks[2] in thesteam generators, routinely addressed by isolating the faulty module with gate valves.[3] These incidents did not have off-site impact, did not generate radioactive material (sodium in the secondary circuit is not neutron-activated) and were not reported to IAEA, since they were deemed to have no impact on safety.
As of 2022, the cumulative "energyAvailability factor" recorded by theIAEA was 76.3%.[4]
Thereactor core is 1.03 metres (3 ft 5 in) tall with a diameter of 2.05 metres (6 ft 9 in).[5] It has 369fuel assemblies, mounted vertically; each consists of 127fuel rods enriched to between 17–26%235U. In comparison, normal enrichment in other Russian reactors is between 3–4%235U. The control andscram system is composed of 27 reactivity control elements including 19 shimming rods, two automatic control rods, and six automatic emergency shut-down rods.On-power refueling equipment allows for charging the core with fresh fuel assemblies, repositioning and turning the fuel assemblies within the reactor, and changing control and scram system elements remotely.
The unit employs a three-circuit coolant arrangement;sodium coolant circulates in both the primary and secondary circuits. Water and steam flow in the third circuit. The sodium is heated to a maximum of 550 °C (1,022 °F) in the reactor during normal operations. This heat is transferred from the reactor core via three independent circulation loops. Each has a primary sodium pump, two intermediate heat exchangers, a secondary sodium pump with an expansion tank located upstream, and an emergency pressure discharge tank. These feed asteam generator, which in turn supplies a condensing turbine that turns the generator.
There is much international interest in the fast-breeder reactor at Beloyarsk.Japan has its own prototype fast-breeder reactors. The operation of the reactor is an international study in progress; Russia, France, Japan, and the United Kingdom currently participate.
The reactor is expected to operate up until 2040.[6][7]
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56°50′30″N61°19′21″E / 56.8416°N 61.3224°E /56.8416; 61.3224
