| BMW M54 engine | |
|---|---|
 M54B25 in a E39 525i | |
| Overview | |
| Production | 2000–2006 |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | Straight-6 |
| Displacement | 2,171 cc (132 cu in) 2,494 cc (152 cu in) 2,979 cc (182 cu in) |
| Cylinder bore | 80 mm (3.1 in) 84 mm (3.3 in) |
| Piston stroke | 72 mm (2.8 in) 75 mm (3.0 in) 89.6 mm (3.53 in) |
| Cylinder block material | Aluminium |
| Cylinder head material | Aluminium |
| Valvetrain | DOHC w/VVT |
| Combustion | |
| Fuel type | Petrol |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | BMW M52 |
| Successor | BMW N52 |
TheBMWM54 is anaturally aspirated straight-6DOHC petrol engine produced from 2000 to 2006. It was released in theE53 X5[1] and is the replacement for theM52 engine. TheS54 is the equivalent high performance engine, used in theE46 M3, theZ3 M Coupé/Roadster and theE85/E86 Z4 M. TheBMW M56 SULEV engine (sold in several states of the United States) is based on the M54.
The M54 was phased out following the introduction of theBMW N52 engine in 2004. From 2001 to 2003, the M54 was included on theWard's 10 Best Engines list.
Compared with the final versions of itsM52 predecessor (called the 'M52TÜ'), the M54 has a non-return fuel system, a fully electronic throttle (without mechanical backup),[1][2] Siemens MS 43engine management,[3] and a revisedintake manifold.[4] Thedisplacement of the largest variant increased from 2.8 L to 3.0 L (2,979 cc), due to an increase in stroke to 89.6 mm (3.53 in).
As per the M52TÜ, the M54 uses an aluminium block and aluminium cylinder head with cast ironcylinder liners.Variable valve timing is fitted to both camshafts[5] (called "double-VANOS"), adual length intake manifold (called "DISA") is used and the thermostat is electronically controlled. The redline remains at 6,500 rpm.
There was no "technical update" (TÜ) version of the M54 produced, therefore the engine specifications remained the same throughout its seven-year production run.
| Version | Displacement | Power | Torque | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M54B22 | 2.2 L (2,171 cc) | 125 kW (168 hp) at 6,100 rpm | 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm | 2000–2006 |
| M54B25 | 2.5 L (2,494 cc) | 141 kW (189 hp) at 6,000 rpm | 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm | 2000–2006 |
| M54B30 | 3.0 L (2,979 cc) | 170 kW (228 hp) at 5,900 rpm | 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm | 2000–2006 |
| S54B32 | 3.2 L (3,246 cc) | 252 kW (338 hp) at 7,900 rpm | 365 N⋅m (269 lb⋅ft) at 4,900 rpm | 2000–2008 |
The 2,171 cc (132.5 cu in) M54B22 produces 125 kW (168 hp) at 6,100 rpm and 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm.[6]Bore is 80 mm (3.1 in),stroke is 72 mm (2.8 in) and thecompression ratio is 10.8:1.
The 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) M54B25 produces 141 kW (189 hp) at 6,000 rpm and 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm.[6] Bore is 84 mm (3.3 in), stroke is 75 mm (3.0 in) and the compression ratio is 10.5:1.
The 2,979 cc (181.8 cu in) M54B30 is the largest M54 variant and produces 170 kW (228 hp) at 5,900 rpm and 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm.[6] Bore is 84 mm (3.3 in), stroke is 89.6 mm (3.5 in) and the compression ratio is 10.2:1.[7]
In the United States and Canada, a "ZHP" version of the M54B30 used different camshafts and reprogrammed engine management to develop 175 kW (235 hp) at 5,900 rpm and 301 N⋅m (222 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm and have a slightly higher redline of 6,800 rpm (although the Canadian cars still show the limiter at 6,500 rpm on the tachometer).[8][9]
The M54B30 was on theWard's 10 Best Engines list through 2001–2003.[10]
| BMW S54 engine | |
|---|---|
 S54B32 in a E86 Z4 M Coupé | |
| Overview | |
| Production | 2000–2008 |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | straight-6 |
| Displacement | 3.2 L (3,246 cc) |
| Cylinder bore | 87 mm (3.4 in) |
| Piston stroke | 91 mm (3.6 in) |
| Cylinder block material | Cast iron |
| Cylinder head material | Aluminium |
| Valvetrain | DOHC w/VVT |
| Combustion | |
| Fuel type | Gasoline |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | BMW S50 |
| Successor | BMW S55 |
The S54 was marketed as the high performance equivalent to the M54, however it is actually more an evolution of theBMW S50 and shares few parts with the M54.[11] As per the S50, the engine block is made of cast iron, unlike the aluminium engine block used by the M54.[12]Redline is 8,000 rpm.
Compared with the S50, the S54 features:[11][13][14]
There is no direct successor to the S54, since the following generationE90/E92/E93 M3 was powered by the V8BMW S65 engine.
Variations in power and torque outputs are often due to country-specific emissions regulations, or space constraints of a chassis affecting the layout of the intake/exhaust system.
An upgraded version of the S54 engine was used in theE46 M3 CSL. This engine is designated S54B32HP and the changes include a revised intake made fromcarbon fiber, revised camshafts, a MAP sensor (instead of the MAF sensor used in the regular S54),[3] a lightweight exhaust manifold with a straighter air path (which later became standard on the regular S54) and a straightened intake manifold.[18]
