Azamgarh | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Azamgarh Railway Station | |
  Azamgarh Location in Uttar Pradesh, India Show map of Uttar Pradesh Azamgarh Azamgarh (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:26°04′05″N83°11′02″E / 26.068°N 83.184°E /26.068; 83.184 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| District | Azamgarh |
| Government | |
| • MLA | Durga Prasad Yadav (SP)[1] |
| • MP | Dharmendra Yadav (SP) |
| Elevation | 64 m (210 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 110,983 |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[2] |
| • Additional official | Urdu[2] |
| • Local | Bhojpuri[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| PIN | |
| Area code | 05462 |
| Vehicle registration | UP-50 |
| Airport | Azamgarh Airport |
| Website | azamgarh |
Azamgarh is a city in the Indianstate ofUttar Pradesh. It is the headquarters ofAzamgarh division, which consists ofBallia,Mau andAzamgarh districts. Azamgarh is situated on the bank ofTamsa River (Tons). It is located 268 km (167 mi) east of the state capitalLucknow and 809 km from the national capital,Delhi.
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Azamgarh, one of the easternmost districts (a district inPurvanchal sub-region) ofUttar Pradesh, once part of the ancientKosala kingdom, except its north-eastern part. Azamgarh is also known as the land of the sage Durvasa whose ashram was located in Phulpur tehsil, near the confluence of Tamsa and Majhuee rivers, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) north of the Phulpur.
The district is named after its headquarters town, Azamgarh, which was founded in 1665 by Azam, son of Vikramajit. Vikramajit was a descendant ofGautam Rajputs of Mehnagar in Pargana Nizamabad who like some of his predecessors had embraced Islam. He had two sons, Azam and Azmat. While Azam gave his name to the town of Azamgarh, and the fort, Azmat constructed the fort and settled the bazaar ofAzmatgarh pargana Sagri.[4] After the attack of Chabile Ram, Azmat Khan fled northwards followed by the interior forces. He attempted to cross theGhaghra intoGorakhpur, but the people on the other side opposed his landing, and he was either shot in mid stream or was drowned in attempting to escape by swimming.
In 1688 A.D. during Azmat's[dubious –discuss] lifetime, his eldest son Ekram took part in the management of the state, and after Azam's[dubious –discuss] death he was perhaps left in possession together with Mohhabat, another son. The remaining two sons were taken away and for a time detained as hostages for their brothers' 'good behaviour'.
The successor of Ikram finally confirmed the title of his family to the Jamidari. Ikram left no heirs and was succeeded by Iradat, son of Mohhabat. But the real ruler all along had been Mohhabat, and after Ikram's death, he continued to rule in his son's name.
Azamgarh has an average elevation of 64 metres (209 feet).[5] The district consists of a series of parallel ridges, whose summits are depressed into beds or hollows, along which the rivers flow, while between the ridges are low-lying rice lands, interspersed with numerous natural reservoirs.[6] The soil is fertile, and very highly cultivated, bearing good crops of rice, sugarcane, and wheat and orchards of mango and guava. Maize, gram, corn,[vague] mustard are other major crops.
Azamgarh experiences ahumid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classificationCwa) with large variations between summer and winter temperatures.[7][8] Summers are long, from early April to October with intervening monsoon seasons, and are also extremely hot, even by South Asian standards. The temperature ranges between 22 and 46 °C (72 and 115 °F) in the summers. Winters in Azamgarh see very largediurnal variations, with warm days and downright cold nights. Cold waves from theHimalayan region cause temperatures to dip across the city in the winter from December to February and temperatures below 5 °C (41 °F) are not uncommon. The average annual rainfall is 1,110 mm (44 in). Fog is common in the winters, while hot dry winds, calledloo, blow in the summers.[9] In recent years, the water level of the Tamsa has decreased significantly.
| Climate data for Azamgarh | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19 (67) | 24 (76) | 31 (87) | 37 (98) | 38 (100) | 36 (97) | 32 (90) | 31 (88) | 31 (88) | 31 (87) | 27 (81) | 22 (71) | 30 (86) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8 (47) | 12 (54) | 17 (62) | 22 (72) | 25 (77) | 27 (80) | 26 (78) | 26 (78) | 24 (76) | 21 (70) | 15 (59) | 11 (51) | 20 (67) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 19.3 (0.76) | 13.5 (0.53) | 10.4 (0.41) | 5.4 (0.21) | 9.0 (0.35) | 100.0 (3.94) | 320.6 (12.62) | 260.4 (10.25) | 231.6 (9.12) | 38.3 (1.51) | 12.9 (0.51) | 4.0 (0.16) | 1,025.4 (40.37) |
| Source:[10][11] | |||||||||||||
As per the 2011 census, Azamgarh urban agglomeration had a population of 110,983, out of which males were 57,878 and females were 53,105.[12]
The average literacy rate of Azamgarh town in 2011 was 70.93%, compared to 56.95% in 2001. Male and female literacy were 81.34% and 60.91% respectively. For the 2001 census, inAzamgarh district, the corresponding figures were 71.04% and 43.40%.[13]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 70.21% | |||
| Islam | 29.06% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.73% | |||
At the time of the2011 Census of India, 45.22% of the population recordedHindi as their first language, while 37.46% recordedBhojpuri and 16.99%Urdu.[14]
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Azamgarh is connected with Lucknow 268 km (167 mi) and Delhi 761 km (473 mi) by road. It has one of the biggest bus depots in eastern Uttar Pradesh and regular bus services to almost all district headquarters of Uttar Pradesh and also to Delhi. A new highway called the 'PurvanchalExpressway' was built in 2021 to directly connect Azamgarh with Lucknow and other important cities.
Azamgarh station is one of the most important of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Azamgarh is directly connected to Delhi byKaifiyat Express, to Mumbai by Mumbai LTT – Azamgarh Weekly Express,Godaan express, to Ahmedabad, the state capital Lucknow, Jaipur, Ajmer, and Amritsar, to Kolkata by KOAA AMH Express (13137).
Azamgarh has a new airportAzamgarh Airport, 9 km (5.6 mi) from the city centre. It was inaugurated virtually by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 10 March 2024.[15] The domestic airport became operational the following day.FlyBig regulates the regular flights toLucknow.[16][17]
Azamgarh has a number of educational institutions ranging from basic educational institutions to the higher institution. There are a number of ITIs, Polytechnics, Nursing Schools, and medical college. Notable institutions include:
Azmi is a common toponymic surname among Indian Muslims from Azamgarh.[a]
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Azamgarh".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 79.
