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The area surrounding Avigliano is consideredmountainous with elevations varying between 550 and 1,239 metres (1,804 and 4,065 ft). Town's is at an elevation of 857 metres (2,812 ft).
Avigliano is surrounded by numerous peaks of various heights:
The other municipalfrazioni are the villages and localities of Badia, Bancone di Sopra, Bancone di Sotto, Bruciate di Sopra, Bruciate di Sotto, Bufolaria (or Bufalaria), Canarra, Canestrelle, Carpinelli, Cascia, Cerza Montanara, Chicone, Ciccolecchia, Contrada Cefalo, Frusci, Gallicchio, Gianturco di Sant'Angelo, Giardiniera Inferiore, Giardiniera Superiore, Lacciola, Lazzi e Spilli, Limitone, Masi, Masseria Bozzelli, Masseria Nardella, Mezzomiero, Miracolo, Moccaro, Montemarcone Alto, Montemarcone Basso, Pantani, Paoladoce, Patacca, Piano del Conte, Piano del Lago,Possidente, Riseca Don Ciccio, Salinas, Sant'Angelo, Sarachelle, Sarnelli, Sassano, Sceppi, Signore, Spinamara, Stagliuozzo, Stolfi, Torretta, Ualano and Valvano Corbo.[2]
Themean annual temperature of Avigliano is 12 °C (54 °F). The mean temperature of January is 3.3 °C (37.9 °F), making January the coldest month annually. Conversely, July is the warmest month, with an average temperature of 21.4 °C (70.5 °F). The annual temperature ranges between −12 °C (10 °F) as an annual low to an annual high of 38 °C (100 °F).
The mean annual precipitation of Avigliano is 844 millimetres (33.2 in), with a record high of 1,192 millimetres (46.9 in) and low of 679 millimetres (26.7 in).[6]
The earliest archaeological and documented reports that confirm the existence of Avigliano go back to Medieval times, but there remain many elaborate theories over the origin of the city. One legend suggests that the center was founded in the 15th century by theSabellians, who were attracted to the location.
Another legend derives from the origin of the name Avigliano from theLatin Avis locum, which is "place of the fowl", a name given to the area by a group of sailors from the East.[7]
The route Avigliano Città-Avigliano ofAvigliano-Altamura railway counts thestations of Avigliano Città (in the town's centre), Moccaro (in the homonym hamlet) and Avigliano Lucania; this one located some km outside the town, at a junction point withFoggia-Potenza line. This route is also part of thePotenza Suburban Railway.[8][9][10] Two other villages, Possidente and Castel Lagopesole, have their railway station on Foggia-Potenza line.
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