Avenida da Liberdade

View of Avenida da Liberdade fromMarquis of Pombal Square to theTagus River.
Interactive map of Avenida da Liberdade
Length	1,100 m (3,600 ft)
Width	90 m (300 ft)
Construction
Completion	1886
Demolition/Conversion of thePasseio Público	1879

Avenida da Liberdade (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐveˈniðɐ ðɐ liβɐɾˈðaðɯ]; meaning "Avenue of Liberty") is aboulevard in centralLisbon,Portugal.^[1] It was constructed between 1879 and 1886 and designed by the Portuguese engineer Frederico Ressano Garcia.^[2] Measuring 90 metres in width, the avenue was modeled after Paris's Champs-Élysées^[3] and is a centre for luxury retail establishments.^[4]

The avenue was built on the former site of thePasseio Público, an 18th-century park originally designed for the exclusive use ofPortuguese nobility. Despite its name (“Public Promenade”), the park was walled and gated until 1821, when King João VI ordered the removal of the walls, opening access to all social classes.^[5] Once located on the northern periphery of Lisbon, the park was transformed into a boulevard as the city expanded northward during the 19th century.^[6] Avenida da Liberdade today hosts severalembassies and diplomatic missions, including those ofAustralia,Canada,Cyprus,Slovakia.^[7][8][9]

The Avenida connectsMarquis of Pombal Square toRestauradores Square, marking the entrance toLisbon Baixa neighbourhood.^[10]

Avenida da Liberdade andRestauradores Square trace their origins to thePasseio Público, a public park inaugurated in 1764. The park was designed under the direction of Pombaline architectReinaldo Manuel.^[11] Originally enclosed by high walls and reserved for the nobility, the park was redesigned in 1835 by architectMalaquias Ferreira Leal, who introduced fountains, waterfalls, and allegorical statues representing theTagus andDouro rivers.^[12][13] Since the 19th-century renovations, these statues have remained in the boulevard of Avenida da Liberdade. Over time, additional monuments were installed, including tributes to writersAlmeida Garrett andAlexandre Herculano.^[14]

TheMonument to the Fallen of the Great War, inaugurated on 22 November 1931, was designed by architects Guilherme Rebelo de Andrade and Carlos Rebello de Andrade, with sculptures created by Maximiano Alves.^[15]

The avenue itself was constructed between 1879 and 1886 under the supervision of Frederico Ressano Garcia, chief engineer of the Lisbon City Council.^[16] It was designed to resemble the grandParisian boulevards, particularly theChamps-Élysées, as part of the city’s planned northward expansion.^[17] Plans were proposed to extend the avenue further north through what is now the central lawn ofEduardo VII Park, but these were never realized.^[18][19]

Since the mid-20th century, many original buildings along the avenue have been demolished and replaced by modern office buildings and hotels.^[20][21] One notable example is the former Barata Salgueiro Palace, inaugurated in 1902 and demolished in 1970 to make way for a bank headquarters.^[22]

Avenida da Liberdade’s central location and proximity to notable landmarks such as theChiado district,Marquis of Pombal Square,Queen Maria II National Theatre,Avenidas Novas,Eduardo VII Park, and theLisbon Baixa have significantly contributed to its commercial development.^[23][24]

Since the early 2000s, the avenue has evolved into one of Lisbon’s luxury shopping destinations.Louis Vuitton opened the first international luxury boutique there in 2004, followed byPrada andGucci in 2008.^[25] Today, Avenida da Liberdade features flagship stores from global brands such asGucci,Christian Dior,Cartier, andBurberry,^[26] alongside several luxury hotels and upscale cafés.^[27][28][29]

The Avenida serves as a major transport artery in centralLisbon, connecting the districts ofAvenidas Novas,Lisbon Baixa,Chiado,Bairro Alto, and other neighbouring areas.^[30]

There are threeLisbon Metro stations located along Avenida da Liberdade:^[31]

• Restauradores, at the southeast end beneath Restauradores Square, served by the Blue Line.
• Avenida, near the midpoint of the avenue, also served by the Blue Line.
• Marquês de Pombal , at the northwest end beneathMarquis of Pombal Square, served by both the Blue and Yellow Lines.^[32]

Since 2022, automobile traffic has been prohibited on Avenida da Liberdade on Sundays andpublic holidays.^[33] to promote pedestrian use and sustainability initiatives.^[34]

• 
  Hotel Heritage
• 
  Monument toAntónio Feliciano de Castilho
• 
  Luxury hotel
• 
• 
• 
  Monument toWorld War I
• 
  Monument toAlexandre Herculano

• Avenida da Liberdade in the Portuguese Institute for Architectonic Heritage.(in Portuguese)

• Avenida da Liberdade Designer Shops and Their Addresses

38°43′13″N9°08′45″W / 38.72028°N 9.14583°W /38.72028; -9.14583

• Streets in Lisbon
• Shopping districts and streets

• CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)
• CS1 European Portuguese-language sources (pt-pt)
• Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas
• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Use dmy dates from September 2019
• Pages using infobox mapframe without shape links in Wikidata
• Articles with Portuguese-language sources (pt)
• Coordinates on Wikidata
• Pages using the Kartographer extension