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| Clinical data | |
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| Other names | Gold thioglucose, Solganal, Auromyose |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Consumer Drug Information |
| Routes of administration | Intramuscular injection |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 0% |
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| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.032.138 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C6H11AuO5S |
| Molar mass | 392.18 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Aurothioglucose, also known as gold thioglucose, is achemical compound with the formula AuSC6H11O5. This derivative of the sugarglucose was formerly used to treatrheumatoid arthritis.[1]
Throughout history, gold was used to cure diseases, although the efficacy was not established. In 1935, gold drugs were reported to be effective for the treatment ofrheumatoid arthritis.[2] Although many patients reacted positively to the drug, gold thioglucose was not uniformly effective.
Only one gold drug remains in active clinical use for this purpose in the United States:auranofin,sodium aurothiomalate (gold sodium thiomalate) and aurothioglucose were discontinued by their manufacturers in 2019 due to gold shortages, and the rising cost of gold.[3][4]
In 2001, aurothioglucose was withdrawn from the Dutch market, where it had been the only injectable gold preparation available since 1943, forcing hospitals to change medication for a large number of patients to aurothiomalate.[5] The drug had been in use for more than 70 years, and four years later the reasons for its sudden disappearance remained unclear.[6]
It was discontinued from the US market in 2019, along withsodium aurothiomalate,[7] leaving only genericAuranofin as the only gold salt on the US market.[3][8]
Gold thioglucose features gold in the oxidation state of +I, like other gold thiolates. It is a water-soluble, non-ionic species that is assumed to exist as a polymer.[2] Under physiological conditions, an oxidation-reduction reaction leads to the formation of metallic gold and sulfinic acid derivative of thioglucose.[1]
(where AuSTg = gold thioglucose, TgSSTg = thioglucose disulfide, TgSO2H = sulfinic acid derivative of thioglucose)
Gold thioglucose can be prepared by treating gold bromide with thioglucose solution saturated with sulfur dioxide. Gold thioglucose is precipitated withmethanol and recrystallized with water and methanol.
In recent research, it was found that injection of gold thioglucose induces obesity in mice.[9] Aurothioglucose has an interaction with theantimalarial medicationhydroxychloroquine.[1]
Media related toAurothioglucose at Wikimedia Commons