| Total eclipse | |||||||||||||||||
| Date | August 13, 1859 | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma | 0.0038 | ||||||||||||||||
| Magnitude | 1.8148 | ||||||||||||||||
| Saros cycle | 126 (36 of 70) | ||||||||||||||||
| Totality | 106 minutes, 28 seconds | ||||||||||||||||
| Partiality | 236 minutes, 1 second | ||||||||||||||||
| Penumbral | 375 minutes, 1 second | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
← February 1859 February 1860 → | |||||||||||||||||
A totallunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’sascending node of orbit on Saturday, August 13, 1859, with an umbralmagnitude of 1.8148. A lunar eclipse occurs when theMoon moves into theEarth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike asolar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on thenight side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon'sshadow is smaller. Occurring about 1.1 days afterapogee (on August 12, 1859, at 17:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[1]
Totality for this eclipse lasted 106 minutes and 28 seconds, the longest duration since May 3, 459 (106 minutes and 32 seconds). A totality of this length will not occur again until August 19, 4753 (106 minutes and 35 seconds). During the totality of this eclipse, the moon was in theconstellation ofCapricornus.[2]
The eclipse was completely visible over the eastern half ofAsia,Australia, andAntarctica, seen rising overwest andcentral Asia,Africa, andEurope and setting overnortheast Asia and the central and easternPacific Ocean.
Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Penumbral Magnitude | 2.88768 |
| Umbral Magnitude | 1.81481 |
| Gamma | 0.00383 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 09h30m59.9s |
| Sun Declination | +14°43'05.3" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'47.6" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.7" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 21h30m59.5s |
| Moon Declination | -14°42'54.0" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 14'43.2" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°54'01.4" |
| ΔT | 7.3 s |
This eclipse was part of aneclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by afortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by onesynodic month.
| July 29 Descending node (new moon) | August 13 Ascending node (full moon) | August 28 Descending node (new moon) |
|---|---|---|
 |  | |
| Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 114 | Total lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 126 | Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 152 |
This eclipse is a member of asemester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternatingnodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]
The penumbral lunar eclipses on April 9, 1857 and October 3, 1857 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the lunar eclipses on December 28, 1860 (penumbral), June 22, 1861 (penumbral), and December 17, 1861 (partial) occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Lunar eclipse series sets from 1857 to 1861 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||||
| Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma | Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma | |
| 106 | 1857 Sep 04 | Penumbral | −1.4376 | 111 | 1858 Feb 27 | Partial | 0.8252 | |
| 116 | 1858 Aug 24 | Partial | −0.7446 | 121 | 1859 Feb 17 | Total | 0.0950 | |
| 126 | 1859 Aug 13 | Total | 0.0038 | 131 | 1860 Feb 07 | Partial | −0.5790 | |
| 136 | 1860 Aug 01 | Partial | 0.7551 | 141 | 1861 Jan 26 | Penumbral | −1.2864 | |
| 146 | 1861 Jul 21 | Penumbral | 1.4659 | |||||
This eclipse is a part ofSaros series 126, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on July 18, 1228. It contains partial eclipses from March 24, 1625 through June 9, 1751; total eclipses from June 19, 1769 throughNovember 9, 2003; and a second set of partial eclipses fromNovember 19, 2021 through June 5, 2346. The series ends at member 70 as a penumbral eclipse on August 19, 2472.
The longest duration of totality was produced by member 36 at 106 minutes, 27 seconds onAugust 13, 1859. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’sascending node of orbit.[5]
| Greatest | First | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on1859 Aug 13, lasting 106 minutes, 27 seconds.[6] | Penumbral | Partial | Total | Central |
| 1228 Jul 18 | 1625 Mar 24 | 1769 Jun 19 | 1805 Jul 11 | |
| Last | ||||
| Central | Total | Partial | Penumbral | |
1931 Sep 26 | 2003 Nov 09 | 2346 Jun 05 | 2472 Aug 19 | |
Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is oneexeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
| Series members 33–54 occur between 1801 and 2200: | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 33 | 34 | 35 | |||
| 1805 Jul 11 | 1823 Jul 23 | 1841 Aug 02 | |||
| 36 | 37 | 38 | |||
| 1859 Aug 13 | 1877 Aug 23 | 1895 Sep 04 | |||
| 39 | 40 | 41 | |||
| 1913 Sep 15 | 1931 Sep 26 | 1949 Oct 07 | |||
 |  | |  |  |  |
| 42 | 43 | 44 | |||
| 1967 Oct 18 | 1985 Oct 28 | 2003 Nov 09 | |||
 |  |  |  | |  |
| 45 | 46 | 47 | |||
| 2021 Nov 19 | 2039 Nov 30 | 2057 Dec 11 | |||
 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 48 | 49 | 50 | |||
| 2075 Dec 22 | 2094 Jan 01 | 2112 Jan 14 | |||
| 51 | 52 | 53 | |||
| 2130 Jan 24 | 2148 Feb 04 | 2166 Feb 15 | |||
| 54 | |||||
| 2184 Feb 26 | |||||
This eclipse is a part of atritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2187 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1805 Jan 15 (Saros 121) | 1815 Dec 16 (Saros 122) | 1826 Nov 14 (Saros 123) | 1837 Oct 13 (Saros 124) | 1848 Sep 13 (Saros 125) | |||||
| 1859 Aug 13 (Saros 126) | 1870 Jul 12 (Saros 127) | 1881 Jun 12 (Saros 128) | 1892 May 11 (Saros 129) | 1903 Apr 12 (Saros 130) | |||||
 |  | ||||||||
| 1914 Mar 12 (Saros 131) | 1925 Feb 08 (Saros 132) | 1936 Jan 08 (Saros 133) | 1946 Dec 08 (Saros 134) | 1957 Nov 07 (Saros 135) | |||||
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1968 Oct 06 (Saros 136) | 1979 Sep 06 (Saros 137) | 1990 Aug 06 (Saros 138) | 2001 Jul 05 (Saros 139) | 2012 Jun 04 (Saros 140) | |||||
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2023 May 05 (Saros 141) | 2034 Apr 03 (Saros 142) | 2045 Mar 03 (Saros 143) | 2056 Feb 01 (Saros 144) | 2066 Dec 31 (Saros 145) | |||||
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||
| 2077 Nov 29 (Saros 146) | 2088 Oct 30 (Saros 147) | 2099 Sep 29 (Saros 148) | 2110 Aug 29 (Saros 149) | 2121 Jul 30 (Saros 150) | |||||
 |  | ||||||||
| 2132 Jun 28 (Saros 151) | 2143 May 28 (Saros 152) | 2154 Apr 28 (Saros 153) | |||||||
| 2187 Jan 24 (Saros 156) | |||||||||
This eclipse is a part of the long periodinex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1801 Sep 22 (Saros 124) | 1830 Sep 02 (Saros 125) | 1859 Aug 13 (Saros 126) | |||
| 1888 Jul 23 (Saros 127) | 1917 Jul 04 (Saros 128) | 1946 Jun 14 (Saros 129) | |||
 |  |  |  | ||
| 1975 May 25 (Saros 130) | 2004 May 04 (Saros 131) | 2033 Apr 14 (Saros 132) | |||
 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2062 Mar 25 (Saros 133) | 2091 Mar 05 (Saros 134) | 2120 Feb 14 (Saros 135) | |||
 |  | ||||
| 2149 Jan 23 (Saros 136) | 2178 Jan 04 (Saros 137) | ||||
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