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In 1911, a small apron with two hangars was built in Yeşilköy, Istanbul, for the Ottoman Armed Forces.[6]Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founded Türk Tayyare Cemiyeti (Turkish Aircraft Company, todayTürk Hava Kurumu - THK) in 1925. In 1933, today'sTurkish Airlines, the Türkiye Devlet Hava Yolları started its flights with twoCurtiss Kingbird aircraft. Flights from Istanbul to Ankara and Athens began. The small apron was expanded and a new passenger terminal was built. This is considered the beginning of the airport's 86-year history. It was originally namedYeşilköy Airport. In the 1980s, it was renamedAtatürk International Airport.
Istanbul Atatürk Airport was replaced in regards to commercial passenger functions by the newly constructedIstanbul Airport, in April 2019, in order to meet Istanbul's growingdomestic and international air traffic demand as a source, destination, and transit point. Both airports were used in parallel for five months from late 2018, with the new airport gradually expanding to serve more domestic and regional destinations.[8] On 6 April 2019, Atatürk'sISTIATA airport code was inherited by Istanbul Airport and Atatürk Airport was assigned the codeISL after the full transfer of all scheduled passenger activities to the new airport was completed.[9] The final commercial flight, Turkish Airlines Flight 54, left Atatürk Airport on 6 April 2019 at 02:44 forSingapore.[10]
On 5 February 2022,Turkish Cargo relocated all cargo flights and operations from their former hub at the airport to the newIstanbul Airport.[11][12]
Turkey's government announced its plans to construct a giant park on the grounds of the former Istanbul Atatürk Airport (whose operations were transferred to the new Istanbul Airport) in 2019.[13] The park is part of a larger urban transformation plan that seeks to correct some of the haphazard urban planning that characterised most major Turkish cities since the 1970s.[14] Due to the little space available to construct or expand green spaces, new parks are often constructed on spots formerly occupied by factories or other major facilities.
The Atatürk Airport National Garden will be constructed on and around one of the two runways of Atatürk Airport.[15] These runways were already rendered unusable after they were chosen as the site for Istanbul's pandemic hospital in early 2020.[16] More than 132,500 trees are to be planted in place of the asphalt runway and taxiways that will also help to keep the city cooler.[13] The other runway is set to remain in use for select cargo and private jet flights, aviation fairs (such as Teknofest) and for use by theTurkish Air Force (which still maintains a small training base and theIstanbul Aviation Museum here).[citation needed]
The original terminal at Yeşilköy in 1970The former main terminal, inaugurated in 1983, which then served as the domestic section until 2019The now defunct main passenger terminal in 2013
Istanbul Atatürk Airport featured two passengerterminals linked to each other.[22] The former domestic terminal is the older and smaller of the two terminals and exclusively handled domestic flights within Turkey. It featured its own check-in and airside facilities on the upper floor, with twelve departure gates equipped withjet bridges[22] and five baggage claim belts on the ground level.[22] The former international terminal was inaugurated in 2000 and used for all international flights. It featured a large main hall containing 8 check-in aisles and a wide range of airside facilities such as shops and restaurants, 34 gates equipped with jet bridges, and 7 bus-boarding stands. The arrivals floor had 11 baggage claim belts.[22] In addition, there is ageneral aviation terminal to the northwest of the passenger terminals.[23]
As of April 2019, all passenger operations have been relocated to the newIstanbul Airport. As of February 2022, all cargo operations have been relocated to the new airport as well.[28][citation needed] Currently, the airport serves only private and business jets as well as operations on behalf of theGovernment of Turkey.[citation needed]
Istanbul Atatürk Airport ranked 17th inACI statistics at the end of 2011 in terms of international traffic with almost 24 million international passengers. It ranked 29th in the world in terms of total passenger traffic with over 37.4 million passengers in 2011. Its total traffic within the last decade more than tripled, and its international traffic quadrupled.[29][30] Passenger statistics for Istanbul Atatürk Airport for the years 2002–2019 are below.[31]
Passenger statistics at Istanbul Atatürk Airport[31]
On 25 April 2015,Turkish Airlines Flight 1878, operated by an A320-200, TC-JPE was severely damaged in a landing accident. The aircraft aborted the first hard landing, which inflicted engine and gear damage. On the second attempt at landing, the right gear collapsed and the aircraft rolled off the runway spinning 180 degrees. All 97 passengers and 5 crew members survived with no injuries. The aircraft waswritten off as a result of the accident.[34]
On 28 June 2016, three terrorists killed 44 civilians by gunfire and subsequent suicide bombings, along with 239 civilians injured.[35][36] The three men arrived in a taxi cab and opened fire at the terminal. The three men then blew themselves up when police opened fire. The airport has X-ray scanners at the entrance to the terminal but security checks for cars are limited.[35][37]
The Turkish Chamber of Civil Engineers lists İstanbul Atatürk Airport as one of thefifty civil engineering feats in Turkey, a list of remarkable engineering projects completed in the first 50 years of the chamber's existence.[41]
In the 2013 Air Transport News awards ceremony, İstanbul Atatürk Airport was namedAirport of the Year.[42]
The airport was namedEurope's Best Airport in the 40–50 million passenger per year category at the 2013Skytrax World Airport Awards.[43]
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