TheAsuka Kiyomihara Code (飛鳥浄御原令,Asuka Kiyomihara-ryō) refers to a collection of governing rules compiled and promulgated in 689, one of the first, if not the first collection ofRitsuryō laws inclassical Japan.^[1] This also marks the initial appearance of the central administrative body called theDaijō-kan (Council of State) composed of the three ministers—theDaijō-daijin (Chancellor), theSadaijin (Minister of the Left) and theUdaijin (Minister of the Right).^[2]

In 662,Emperor Tenji is said to have compiled the first Japanese legal code known to modern historians. TheŌmi-ryō, consisting of 22 volumes, was promulgated in the last year of Tenji's reign.^[3] This legal codification is no longer extant, but it is said to have been refined in what is known as the Asuka Kiyomihararitsu-ryō of 689.^[2] The compilation was commenced in 681 underEmperor Tenmu. The Emperor died in 686, but the finalization of the Code took a few more years. It was promulgated in 689. These are understood to have been a forerunner of theTaihō ritsu-ryō of 701.^[4]

Although not "finalized" (not incorporating a penal code, aritsu, for instance), the code already incorporated several important regulations (for instance compulsory registration for citizens and pestilence reporting system),^[5] which paved the way for the more completeTaihō Code.^[2]

• Ritsuryō
• Ōmi Code
• Taihō Code
• Yōrō Code

• Farris, William Wayne. (1998).Sacred Texts and Buried Treasures: Issues in the Historical Archaeology of Ancient Japan. Honolulu:University of Hawaii Press.ISBN 978-0-8248-2030-5
• Hall, John Whitney, Delmer M. Brown and Kozo Yamamura. (1993).The Cambridge History of Japan. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.ISBN 978-0-521-22352-2
• Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959).The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.OCLC 194887
• Varley, H. Paul, ed. (1980).Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359,Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley). New York:Columbia University Press.ISBN 0-231-04940-4

• 7th century in Japan
• Legal history of Japan
• Legal codes
• 7th century in law
• Emperor Tenmu
• 689

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