Movatterモバイル変換

Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

British politician (1916–2007)

The Right Honourable The Lord Cockfield PC
Cockfield in 1952

European Commissioner for Internal Market and Services
In office 7 January 1985 – 5 January 1989
President	Jacques Delors
Preceded by	Karl-Heinz Narjes
Succeeded by	Martin Bangemann
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
In office 11 June 1983 – 11 September 1984
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Prime Minister	Margaret Thatcher
Preceded by	Cecil Parkinson
Succeeded by	The Earl of Gowrie
Secretary of State for Trade President of the Board of Trade
In office 6 April 1982 – 11 June 1983
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Prime Minister	Margaret Thatcher
Preceded by	John Biffen
Succeeded by	Cecil Parkinson(Trade and Industry)
Minister of State for Treasury
In office 6 May 1979 – 6 April 1982
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Prime Minister	Margaret Thatcher
Preceded by	Denzil Davies
Succeeded by	John Wakeham
Member of theHouse of Lords
Lord Temporal
Life peerage 14 April 1978 – 8 January 2007

Personal details
Born	Francis Arthur Cockfield (1916-09-28)28 September 1916 Horsham,West Sussex,England
Died	8 January 2007(2007-01-08) (aged 90)
Party	Conservative
Alma mater	London School of Economics

Francis Arthur Cockfield, Baron CockfieldPC (/ˈkoʊfiːld/KOH-feel-d; 28 September 1916 – 8 January 2007), was by turns a civil servant, a company director, aConservative Party politician, and aEuropean Commissioner. He served as Minister of State at the Treasury from 1979 to 1982, asSecretary of State for Trade from 1982 until 1983, asChancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster from 1983 until 1984, and a member of theEuropean Commission from 1984 to 1988. He is known as 'The Father of theSingle Market'.^[1]^[2]

Early life

[edit]

Cockfield was born inHorsham, West Sussex, a month after his father, Lieutenant C. F. Cockfield, died at theBattle of the Somme. He was educated atDover Grammar School, then read for an LLB and a BSc (Econ) at theLondon School of Economics.

Career

[edit]

Cockfield joined theInland Revenue in 1938, and wascalled to the bar at theInner Temple in 1942. He progressed rapidly within the Inland Revenue, serving as Director of Statistics from 1945 to 1952 and as a Commissioner from 1951 to 1952, before joining retailerBoots as its finance director. He was its managing director and chairman from 1961 to 1967. He was also a member ofSelwyn Lloyd'sNational Economic Development Council from 1962 to 1964.^{[citation needed]}

Cockfield was known by his first name, Frank, for most of his life but hated it. When he married his first wife, Ruth Simonis, his granddaughter, Emma, recalls how he told her he wished to use his middle name instead: "All my life I've been called Frank but I've hated it – you're to call me Arthur."^{[citation needed]}

Cockfield left Boots to become an adviser to the Conservative politicianIain Macleod on taxation and economic matters, and was president of theRoyal Statistical Society from 1968 to 1969. Macleod died shortly after the Conservatives took power in 1970, but Cockfield went on to adviseAnthony Barber, Macleod's successor asChancellor of the Exchequer, until 1973. He then served as chairman of thePrice Commission from 1973 to 1977, receiving aknighthood in1973 New Years Honours List.^{[citation needed]}

Political career

[edit]

Cockfield was createdBaron Cockfield,ofDover in the County of Kent on 14 April 1978.^[3] On the election ofMargaret Thatcher to office in May 1979, he became aMinister of State atthe Treasury, a post he held until April 1982. He became a member of thePrivy Council in 1982, and was the lastSecretary of State for Trade from 1982, before it was merged with theDepartment of Industry in 1983.^{[citation needed]}

After the1983 general election, Cockfield becameChancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. In this role he had no specific departmental responsibilities, so he effectively became an advisor and a sort of one-man think-tank to the Prime Minister. Lord Cockfield resigned from the cabinet in September 1984 to join theEuropean Commission as commissioner for Internal Market, Tax Law and Customs underJacques Delors, and a vice-president of the firstDelors Commission. He was expected to follow Thatcher'seurosceptic line, but became a driving force in laying the groundwork for the creation of theSingle European Market in 1992. Only a few months after he arrived in Brussels, he produced a mammoth white paper listing 300 barriers to trade, with a timetable for them to be abolished. He was not selected^{[clarification needed]} to serve a second term, and was replaced byLeon Brittan.^{[citation needed]}

Later career

[edit]

After leaving the Commission in 1988, Cockfield became a consultant for accountantsPeat, Marwick, McLintock. He was awarded the Grand Cross of theOrder of Leopold II of Belgium in 1990, and honorary doctorates and fellowships from a number of British and American universities.^{[citation needed]}

Personal life

[edit]

He married twice. He married his first wife, Ruth Helen Simonis, in 1943, but they divorced in the early 1960s. They had a daughter and a son. He later married choreographer Monica Mudie, in 1970; she died in 1992.

Lord Cockfield is buried, along with his wife Monica, on theIsle of Man.

Arms

[edit]

Coat of arms of Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield
	Crest A globe rising Or issuing therefrom a lymphad sail furled Azure flying from the main and stern masts flags Gules therein two human figures that in the stern pulling an oar Or. Escutcheon Chequy Azure and Gules two flaunches conjoined to three barrulets Or. Supporters On either side a cock Azure combed wattled beaked and legged Gules gorged with a mural crown Or. Motto Prorsum Specta Nec Rursum^[4] Badge A Square Billet embattled chequy Azure and Or.

References

[edit]

^"EU Archives"(PDF). European Union. Retrieved28 March 2017.
^Cockfield, Arthur (1994).European Union: Creating The European Single Market. Wiley Chancery Law.ISBN 9780471952077. Retrieved28 March 2017.
^"No. 47519".The London Gazette. 24 April 1978. p. 4731.
^Debrett's Peerage. 2003. p. 345.

External links

[edit]

Obituary,The Times, 10 January 2007
Obituary,The Guardian, 11 January 2007
Obituary,The Daily Telegraph, 11 January 2007
Obituary,The Independent, 22 January 2007

Political offices

Preceded by

John Biffen

Secretary of State for Trade
1982–1983

Succeeded by

Cecil Parkinson

as Secretary of State for Trade and Industry

Preceded by

Cecil Parkinson

Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
1983–1984

Succeeded by

The Earl of Gowrie

Preceded by

Christopher Tugendhat

European Commissioner from the United Kingdom
1985–1989
Served alongside:Stanley Clinton-Davis

Succeeded by

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Preceded by

European Commissioner for Internal Market and Services
1985–1989

Succeeded by

Martin Bangemann

v t e Presidents of the Board of Trade
Shaftesbury Bridgewater Stamford Weymouth Stamford Winchilsea Guilford Berkeley Suffolk Holderness FitzWalter Monson Halifax Sandys Townshend Shelburne Hillsborough Dartmouth Hillsborough Nugent Hillsborough Dartmouth Sackville Carlisle Grantham Sydney Liverpool Montrose Auckland Bathurst Clancarty Robinson Huskisson Grant Vesey-Fitzgerald Herries Auckland Thomson Baring Thomson Labouchere Ripon Gladstone Dalhousie Clarendon Labouchere Henley Cardwell Stanley Henley Donoughmore Gibson Northcote Richmond Bright Parkinson-Fortescue Adderley Sandon Chamberlain Richmond Stanhope Mundella Stanley Hicks Beach Mundella Bryce Ritchie Balfour Salisbury Lloyd George Churchill Buxton Burns Runciman Stanley Geddes Horne Baldwin Cunliffe-Lister Graham Cunliffe-Lister Runciman Stanley Duncan Lyttelton Duncan Llewellin Dalton Lyttelton Cripps Wilson Shawcross Thorneycroft Eccles Maulding Erroll Heath Jay Crosland Mason Noble Davies Walker Benn Varley Joseph Jenkin Shore Dell Smith Nott Biffen Cockfield Parkinson Tebbit Brittan Channon Young Ridley Lilley Heseltine Lang Beckett Mandelson Byers Hewitt Johnson Darling Hutton Mandelson Cable Javid Clark Fox Truss Trevelyan Badenoch Reynolds Kyle

v t e European commissioners from the United Kingdom
Soames Thomson Jenkins Tugendhat Richard Clinton-Davis Cockfield Brittan Millan Kinnock Patten Mandelson Ashton Hill King

v t e Presidents of theRoyal Statistical Society
19th century	1834–1836The Marquess of Lansdowne 1836–1838Sir Charles Lemon, Bt 1838–1840The Earl FitzWilliam 1840–1842Viscount Sandon 1842–1843The Marquess of Lansdowne 1843–1845Lord Ashley 1845–1847The Lord Monteagle of Brandon 1847–1849The Earl FitzWilliam 1849–1851The Earl of Harrowby 1851–1853The Lord Overstone 1853–1855The Earl FitzWilliam 1855–1857The Earl of Harrowby 1857–1859Lord Stanley 1859–1861Lord John Russell 1861–1863Sir John Pakington, Bt 1863–1865William Henry Sykes 1865–1867The Lord Houghton 1867–1869William Ewart Gladstone 1869–1871William Newmarch 1871–1873William Farr 1873–1875William Guy 1875–1877James Heywood 1877–1879George Shaw-Lefevre 1879–1880Thomas Brassey 1880–1882James Caird 1882–1884Robert Giffen 1884–1886Rawson W. Rawson 1886–1888George Goschen 1888–1890Thomas Graham Balfour 1890–1892Frederic J. Mouat 1892–1894Charles Booth 1894–1896The Lord Farrer 1896–1897John Biddulph Martin 1897Alfred Edmund Bateman 1897–1899Leonard Courtney 1899–1900Henry Fowler 1900–1902The Lord Avebury
20th century	1902–1904Patrick George Craigie 1904–1905Sir Francis Powell, Bt 1905–1906The Earl of Onslow 1906–1907Richard Martin 1907–1909Sir Charles Dilke, Bt 1909–1910Jervoise Athelstane Baines 1910–1912Lord George Hamilton 1912–1914Francis Ysidro Edgeworth 1914–1915The Lord Welby 1915–1916Lord George Hamilton 1916–1918Bernard Mallet,Registrar General 1918–1920Herbert Samuel 1920–1922R. Henry Rew 1922–1924The Lord Emmott 1924–1926Udny Yule 1926–1928The Viscount D'Abernon 1928–1930A. William Flux 1930–1932Sir Josiah Stamp 1932–1934The Lord Meston 1934–1936Major Greenwood 1936–1938The Lord Kennet 1938–1940Arthur Lyon Bowley 1940–1941Henry William Macrosty 1941Hector Leak 1941–1943William Beveridge 1943–1945Ernest Charles Snow 1945–1947The Lord Woolton 1947–1949David Heron 1949–1950Sir Geoffrey Heyworth 1950–1952Austin Bradford Hill 1952–1954Ronald Fisher 1954–1955The Lord Piercy 1955–1957Egon Pearson 1957–1959Harry Campion 1959–1960Hugh Beaver 1960–1962Maurice Kendall 1962–1964Joseph Oscar Irwin 1964–1965Sir Paul Chambers 1965–1966L. H. C. Tippett 1966–1967M. S. Bartlett 1967–1968Frank Yates 1968–1969Arthur Cockfield 1969–1970R. G. D. Allen 1970–1971Bernard Benjamin 1971–1972George Alfred Barnard 1972–1973Harold Wilson 1973–1974D. J. Finney 1974–1975Henry Daniels 1975–1977Stella Cunliffe 1977–1978Henry Wynn 1978–1980Sir Claus Moser 1980–1982David Cox 1982–1984Peter Armitage 1984–1985Walter Bodmer 1985–1986John Nelder 1986–1987James Durbin 1987–1989John Kingman 1989–1991Peter G. Moore 1991–1993T. M. F. Smith 1993–1995D. J. Bartholomew 1995–1997Adrian Smith 1997–1999Robert Nicholas Curnow 1999–2001Denise Lievesley
21st century	2001–2003Peter Green 2003–2005Andy Grieve 2005–2007Tim Holt 2008–2009David Hand 2010–2010Bernard Silverman (resigned Feb 2010; replacedpro tem by David Hand) 2011–2012Valerie Isham 2013–2014John Pullinger 2014–2016Peter Diggle 2017–2018David Spiegelhalter 2019–2020Deborah Ashby 2021–2022Sylvia Richardson 2023–2024Andrew Garrett 2025–John Aston
Category List

v t e Thatcher Cabinet
Margaret Thatcher Humphrey Atkins Kenneth Baker Lord Belstead John Biffen Leon Brittan Peter Brooke Mark Carlisle Lord Carrington Paul Channon Kenneth Clarke Lord Cockfield Nicholas Edwards Norman Fowler Sir Ian Gilmour Lord Gowrie John Gummer Lord Havers Lord Hailsham Michael Heseltine Michael Howard Sir Geoffrey Howe David Howell David Hunt Douglas Hurd Patrick Jenkin Michael Jopling Sir Keith Joseph Tom King Norman Lamont Nigel Lawson Peter Lilley John MacGregor James Mackay John Major Angus Maude John Moore Tony Newton John Nott Cecil Parkinson Chris Patten Jim Prior Francis Pym Peter Rees Nicholas Ridley Malcolm Rifkind Lord Soames Norman St John-Stevas Norman Tebbit David Waddington John Wakeham William Waldegrave Peter Walker William Whitelaw Lord Young of Graffham Baroness Young George Younger

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF GND WorldCat
National	United States Netherlands Belgium
People	UK Parliament Deutsche Biographie DDB
Other	Yale LUX

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Cockfield,_Baron_Cockfield&oldid=1329248273"

Categories:

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭