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 "Bukarester Tagblatt" announcing the conclusion of the truce | |
| Type | Truce |
|---|---|
| Signed | 9 December 1917 |
| Location | Focșani,Kingdom of Romania |
| Negotiators |
|
| Parties | |
TheArmistice of Focșani (Romanian:Armistițiul de la Focșani, also called theTruce of Focșani) was an agreement that ended the hostilities betweenRomania (member of theAllied Powers) and theCentral Powers inWorld War I. It was signed on 9 December 1917 inFocșani in Romania.
Romania had entered World War I in August 1916, invadingAustria-Hungary in an attempt to seizeTransylvania. However, the Central Powers launched a successful counteroffensive in September 1916, capturingBucharest and occupying approximately two thirds of the Romanian territory by December 1916. The Romanian government was forced to retreat toIași, in the historical region ofMoldavia, but was able to stave off complete collapse thanks to the numerous Russian reinforcements that had been sent to Romania to prevent a Central Power invasion of southern Russia at the beginning of 1917, and later, in spite of the unwillingness of the Russian troops to continue fighting, thanks to the successful repulse of the Central Powers' offensive atMărășești andOituz.[2][3]
After theOctober Revolution of 1917, Russia fell intocivil war, and the Russian government began withdrawing its troops from Romania. On 4 and 5 December 1917, the Russians signed twoceasefire agreements with the Central Powers, followed later (on 15 December) by a full armistice and, under the direction ofLeon Trotsky andAdolph Joffe, peace negotiations with the Central Powers inBrest-Litovsk. TheTreaty of Brest-Litovsk made Romania geographically exposed. Lacking Russian support, the Romanian government was subsequently forced to sue for peace.[2][4]
The resulting truce was signed on 9 December 1917 inFocșani on theSiret River, which was the site of the main Romanian defensive line. The armistice ended Romanian hostilities withGermany,Austria-Hungary,Bulgaria, and theOttoman Empire.
While the fighting had ended, much of Romania remained under Central Powers occupation after the truce. On 7 May 1918, following this Armistice of Focșani, the Romanian government signed the punitiveTreaty of Bucharest, which required Romania to cedeSouthern Dobruja, the southernNorthern Dobruja, and several passes in theCarpathian Mountains and grant multiple economic privileges to the Central Powers.[3][5] On 10 October 1918, Romania claimed its disabling of the Treaty of Bucharest to rejoin the Allied Powers against the Central Powers.
In 1919, Romania's territorial cessions to Germany were renounced in theTreaty of Versailles. Romania's cessions to Austria-Hungary were renounced in theTreaty of Saint-Germain in 1919 and theTreaty of Trianon in 1920, while the cessions to Bulgaria were renounced in theTreaty of Neuilly in 1919.
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