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.jpg) Armenian Argentines during the Day of the immigrants inBuenos Aires. | |
| Total population | |
| Unknown (by birth) + 160,000 (by ancestry)[1] 0.3% of Argentina's population | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Buenos Aires, smaller numbers inCórdoba,Mar del Plata,Berisso andRosario | |
| Languages | |
| Spanish · Armenian | |
| Religion | |
| Majority:Oriental Orthodoxy Minority:Catholicism · Protestant | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Armenians · Armenian Brazilians · Armenian Uruguayans · Armenian Americans |
Armenian Argentines (Armenian:Հայերն Արգենտինայում,romanized: Hayern Argentinayum;Spanish:Armenios en Argentina) are ethnicArmenians who live inArgentina. Estimates vary, but 160,000[1] people ofArmenian ancestry live in the country, forming one of the largest groups in the Armenian diaspora worldwide.[2] The core of the population came fromCilicia,Syria andLebanon.
According to researcher Kim Hekimian, the majority of Armenians arriving in the 1920s originated from the province ofAdana inCilicia of theOttoman Empire.[3] Most of these Armenians left their homelands either because of the deportations and massacres of theArmenian genocide. Immigrants from the cities ofMarash,Hadjin, andAntep together accounted for approximately 60 percents of all incoming Cilician Armenians.[3] The large number of immigrants from these cities was a result of Armenians following their friends and relatives who had emigrated earlier.
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Once in Argentina, Armenians from the same city or town inCilicia were inclined to group together and maintain their regional customs. The informal census taken by Ohannes Der Jachadurian in 1941 demonstrates that approximately 70 percent of the Armenians in Argentina originating from Hadjin resided in the southern neighborhoods ofBuenos Aires, including Flores,Nueva Pompeya, andVilla Soldati.[3] Some of these regional ties promoted the creation of at least twenty organizations in the 1930s. Of these organizations, only the Society of Hadjin, Society of Antep and Society of Marash are still in operation.
In addition to the arrival of Armenians fromCilicia, between 1917 and 1921, during theRussian Civil War, manyArmenians from Russia escaped to avoid religious persecution. Between 1947 and 1954 many Armenians from theSoviet Union,Syria andLebanon came toArgentina as a consequence of the Second World War, and fromIran because of theIranian Revolution in 1979.
The Armenian community of Argentina has maintained its identity due to focus on the church, school and the family structure. Most of those who came in the mid-1920s escaped theArmenian genocide andAdana massacres.[4] The first Armenians came in 1908 and some came in 1915, but it was not until 1924-1930 that the community took shape when some 10,000 people settled inBuenos Aires. Subsequent waves of immigrants came fromRussia,Romania andGreece. The influx dried up in the early 1950s. Today, the community is estimated to number 80,000. While survival was of paramount importance, education was also high on the agenda of the early immigrants. They had no money and few of them spoke a foreign language, therefore they gave a great deal of attention to education. Much of the Armenian community of Buenos Aires can be found in thePalermo neighborhood.
Prior to the establishment of the church, the Armenians of Buenos Aires congregated on Sunday afternoons at a coffee shop on 25 de Mayo Street which was owned by a Jewish man fromSmyrna. The coffee shop became such an established "center" for the Armenians that they used its address to receive mail from their family and friends from abroad.[5] When more Armenian refugees arrived in Buenos Aires, the community managed to rent the Cathedral of St John the Baptist, an Anglican church which was near the coffee shop. Two Englishmen delivered sermons translated from Armenian by Haig Moscofian.
After the arrival of the first priest of the community Der Hayr Barasatian, the community became more religiously organized.[3] After the Armenian community in Buenos Aires faced numerous financial crises, it constructed its first Armenian church in 1938.[3]
Currently, the Armenian community of Argentina has nine Armenian churches.[6]
Today, the number of Armenians in Argentina is around 120,000....
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| Historic areas of Armenian settlement | ||
| Caucasus | ||
| Former Soviet Union | ||
| Americas | ||
| Europe | ||
| Middle East | ||
| Asia | ||
| Africa | ||
| Oceania | ||
