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Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment

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Communication satellite

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Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment
Spacecraft properties

Mission type	Communications
Operator	EADS Astrium
COSPAR ID	1981-057B
SATCAT no.	12545
Mission duration	2 years, 3 months


Manufacturer	ISRO
Launch mass	350 kilograms (770 lb)


Start of mission
Launch date	19 June 1981 (1981-06-19)
Rocket	Ariane 1
Launch site	Kourou ELA-1


End of mission
Deactivated	19 September 1983 (1983-09-20)


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Geostationary
Longitude	102° East

TheAriane Passenger PayLoad Experiment (APPLE), was an experimentalcommunication satellite with a C-Bandtransponder launched by theIndian Space Research Organisation on June 19, 1981, byAriane, alaunch vehicle of theEuropean Space Agency (ESA) fromCentre Spatial Guyanais nearKourou inFrench Guiana.

APPLE wasIndia's first three-axisstabilised experimentalGeostationary communication satellite. On July 16, 1981, the satellite was positioned at102° E longitude. The 672 kg^[1] satellite served as testbed of the Indiantelecommunications space relayinfrastructure despite the failure of onesolar panel to deploy. Solid-propellant basedApogee Boost Motor to circularize APPLE's orbit was derived fromSLV-3 fourth stage.^[2]

It was used in several communication experiments including relay ofTV programmes andradio networking. It was a cylindrical spacecraft measuring 1.2 m in diameter and 1.2 m high. Itspayload consisted of two 6/4GHz transponders connected to a 0.9 m diameterparabolic antenna. It went out of service on September 19, 1983.R. M. Vasagam was the project director of APPLE during 1977-1983.^[3]^[4]

APPLE (Specifications)
Mission	Experimental geostationary communication^[5]
Weight	670 kg^[5]
Onboard Power	210 watts^[5]
Payload	C-band transponders (Two)^[5]
Launch Date	June 19, 1981^[5]
Launch Vehicle	Ariane -1(V-3)^[5]
Orbit	Geosynchronous^[5]
Mission life	Two years^[5]

References

[edit]

^"ISRO success stories".THE HINDU. 28 April 2001. Archived fromthe original on 17 October 2006. Retrieved2013-03-17....This important opportunity was utilised to build indigenously a 672-kg state-of-the-art three-axis-stabilised (as against the spin-stabilised Aryabhata) geosynchronous communication satellite called APPLE – Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment – which was launched in June 1981.
^Raj, N. Gopal (2014-09-10)."Trusty engine on Mars Orbiter to be tested yet again".The Hindu.ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved2021-04-24.
^"Biodata RM Vasagam"(PDF).BIT Mesra. Retrieved4 August 2020.
^From fishing hamlet to red planet(PDF). Harper Collins. 2015.ISBN 9789351776895. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 24 April 2021.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h"Welcome To ISRO :: Satellites :: Geo-Stationary Satellite :: APPLE". Isro.org. 1981-06-19. Retrieved2013-03-17.

Indian space programme

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Communication	GSAT 1 2 3 4 5P 6 6A 7 7A 7R 8 9 10 11 12 12R 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 24 29 30 31 HAMSAT INSAT 1A 1B 1C 1D 2A 2B 2C 2D 2DT 2E 3A 3B 3C 3D 3DR 3DS 3E 4A 4B 4C 4CR 4E 4F 4G CMS 01 02 03 Planned: GSAT 7C 22 23 32
Earth observation	Bhaskara I II Cartosat 1 2 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 3 EMISAT EOS 1 2 4 7 8 9 HySIS IMS-1 IRS 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E P1 P2 P3 Megha-Tropiques Microsat TD R Oceansat 1 2 3 Resourcesat 1 2 2A RISAT 1 2 2B 2BR1 Rohini RS-D1 RS-D2 SARAL SCATSAT-1 Technology Experiment Satellite (TESS) GISAT NISAR Planned:Resourcesat-3,GISAT-1A/EOS-05,Oceansat-3A
Experimental	APPLE Aryabhata Rohini RS-1 Rohini Technology Payload (RTP)
Navigation	IRNSS 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 1G 1I NVS 01 02 03 (planned)
Student satellites	ANUSAT StudSat Jugnu SRMSAT YouthSat Swayam SathyabamaSat PISat Pratham NIUSAT KALAMSAT-V2 UNITYSat 1 (JITSat) 2 (GHRCESat) 3 (SriShakthiSat) INSPIRESat-1 StudSat-2 (planned)

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Future spacecraft initalics.

v t e ← 1980 Orbital launches in1981 1982 →
Kosmos 1237 Molniya-3 No.25 Kosmos 1238 Kosmos 1239 Kosmos 1240 Kosmos 1241 Musson No.11 Progress 12 Kosmos 1242 Molniya 1-49 Kosmos 1243 Interkosmos 21 Kiku 3 Kosmos 1244 Kosmos 1245 Kosmos 1246 Kosmos 1247 Hinotori Comstar D4 OPS 1166 Kosmos 1248 Kosmos 1249 Kosmos 1250 Kosmos 1251 Kosmos 1252 Kosmos 1253 Kosmos 1254 Kosmos 1255 Kosmos 1256 Kosmos 1257 Soyuz T-4 Kosmos 1258 OPS 7350 Kosmos 1259 Gran' No.18L Kosmos 1260 Soyuz 39 Molniya-3 No.24 Yantar-2K No.979 Kosmos 1261 Kosmos 1262 Kosmos 1263 STS-1 Kosmos 1264 Kosmos 1265 Kosmos 1266 OPS 7225 Kosmos 1267 Kosmos 1268 Kosmos 1269 Soyuz 40 Meteor-2 No.8 Nova-1 Kosmos 1270 Kosmos 1271 Kosmos 1272 Kosmos 1273 GOES 5 Intelsat V F-1 Rohini RS-D1 Kosmos 1274 Kosmos 1275 Molniya-3 No.30 Kosmos 1276 Kosmos 1277 Meteosat 2 APPLE CAT-3 Kosmos 1278 NOAA-7 Molniya 1-50 Ekran No.21L Kosmos 1279 Kosmos 1280 Kosmos 1281 Meteor-Priroda 2-4 Iskra 1 Kosmos 1282 Kosmos 1283 Kosmos 1284 Gran' No.19L DE-1 DE-2 Kosmos 1285 Kosmos 1286 FLTSATCOM 5 Kosmos 1287 Kosmos 1288 Kosmos 1289 Kosmos 1290 Kosmos 1291 Kosmos 1292 Kosmos 1293 Kosmos 1294 Bulgaria 1300 Himawari 2 Kosmos 1295 Kosmos 1296 Kosmos 1297 Kosmos 1298 Kosmos 1299 Kosmos 1300 Kosmos 1301 Kosmos 1302 OPS 3984 Kosmos 1303 Kosmos 1304 Kosmos 1305 Kosmos 1306 Kosmos 1307 Kosmos 1308 Kosmos 1309 Shijian 2 Shijian 2-01 Shijian 2-02 Oreol 3 Kosmos 1310 SBS 2 Kosmos 1311 Kosmos 1312 Kosmos 1313 SME UoSAT-1 Kosmos 1314 Gran' No.20L Kosmos 1315 Kosmos 1316 Molniya-3 No.31 Venera 13 OPS 4029 Kosmos 1317 Kosmos 1318 Venera 14 STS-2 Kosmos 1319 Molniya 1-51 Satcom 3R Bhaskara 2 Kosmos 1320 Kosmos 1321 Kosmos 1322 Kosmos 1323 Kosmos 1324 Kosmos 1325 Kosmos 1326 Kosmos 1327 Kosmos 1328 Kosmos 1329 Intelsat V F-3 RS-3 RS-4 RS-5 RS-6 RS-7 RS-8 Navstar 7 Kosmos 1330 MARECS-1 CAT-4 Molniya-1 No.55
Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( \| ). Crewed flights are indicated inunderline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed initalics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).

← 1980

Orbital launches in1981

1982 →

Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated inunderline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed initalics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).