Archbishopric of Riga | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1186–1561 | |||||||||||||||||
Seal | |||||||||||||||||
 Archbishopric of Riga (in yellow), shown withinTerra Mariana | |||||||||||||||||
| Status | Prince-Bishopric ofTerra Mariana | ||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Riga | ||||||||||||||||
| Common languages | |||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic | ||||||||||||||||
| Government | Theocracy | ||||||||||||||||
| Archbishop of Riga | |||||||||||||||||
• 1245–73 | Albert Suerbeer (first) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1539–63 | Wilhelm von Brandenburg (last) | ||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | ||||||||||||||||
• Established | 1186 | ||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1561 | ||||||||||||||||
| Currency | LivonianPenny LivonianSchilling | ||||||||||||||||
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| Today part of | Latvia | ||||||||||||||||
TheArchbishopric of Riga (Latin:Archiepiscopatus Rigensis,Low German:Erzbisdom Riga) was aCatholic diocese and civil government inMedieval Livonia, subject to theHoly See. It was established in 1186 and ended in 1561.
The diocese was established in 1186 as the Bishopric of Livonia atIkšķile; after itsseat was moved toRiga, it became the Bishopric of Riga in 1202 and was elevated to an archbishopric in 1255.
The archbishops of Riga were also the secular rulers ofRiga until 1561 when during theReformation the territory converted fromCatholicism toLutheranism and all church territories were secularized. Thesee was restored as adiocese of theCatholic Church in 1918 and raised into anarchdiocese in 1923.
| Bishopric of Livonia (Bishopric ofÜxküll) 1186–1255 | |
|---|---|
| 1186–1196 | Saint Meinhard |
| 1196–1198 | Berthold of Hanover |
| 1199–1202 | Albert of Riga |
| Bishopric of Riga 1202–1255 | |
| 1202–1229 | Albert of Riga |
| 1229–1253 | Nikolaus von Nauen |
| 1245–1255 | Albert Suerbeer |
| Archbishopric of Riga 1255–1561 | |
| 1255–1273 | Albert Suerbeer |
| 1273–1284 | Johannes I of Lune |
| 1285–1294 | Johannes II of Vechten |
| 1294–1300 | Johannes III of Schwerin |
| 1300–1302 | Isarnus Tacconi of Fontiès-d'Aude |
| 1303–1310 | Jens Grand titular, never came to Riga |
| 1304–1341 | Friedrich von Pernstein |
| 1341–1347 | Engelbert von Dolen |
| 1348–1369 | Bromhold von Vyffhusen |
| 1370–1374 | Siegfried Blomberg |
| 1374–1393 | Johannes IV von Sinten |
| 1393–1418 | Johannes V von Wallenrodt |
| 1418–1424 | Johannes Ambundi[1] |
| 1424–1448 | Henning Scharpenberg |
| 1448–1479 | Silvester Stodewescher |
| 1479–1484 | Sede vacante(empty seat) |
| 1484–1509 | Michael Hildebrand |
| 1509–1524 | Jasper Linde[2] |
| 1524–1527 | Johannes VII Blankenfeld[3] |
| 1528–1539 | Thomas Schöning |
| 1539–1563 | Wilhelm von Brandenburg |
A newBishopric of Livonia was established inLatgalia in 1621 during theInflanty Voivodeship of thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The Archbishops of Riga were innovators in the field ofminting currency, reviving techniques abandoned since the collapse of Rome. The names of individual archbishops after 1418, as well as the years of their respective reigns, are stamped on Livonianpennies excavated at archaeological sites. In many cases, this is the only biographical data available. No Livonian pennies before 1418 have been found.
| Levant |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Greece | ||
| Prussia andLivonia | ||
