Movatterモバイル変換

Jump to content

Arcachon

Coordinates:44°39′N1°10′W / 44.65°N 1.17°W /44.65; -1.17

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Subprefecture and commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France

Arcachon Arcaishon (Occitan)
Subprefecture andcommune
Arcachon, theLandes forest and theDune of Pilat
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Arcachon
Arcachon Show map of France Arcachon Show map of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Coordinates:44°39′N1°10′W / 44.65°N 1.17°W /44.65; -1.17
Country	France
Region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Gironde
Arrondissement	Arcachon
Canton	La Teste-de-Buch
Intercommunality	CA Bassin d'Arcachon Sud
Government
• Mayor(2020–2026)	Yves Foulon^[1]
Area ¹	7.56 km² (2.92 sq mi)
Population (2022)^[2]	10,895
• Density	1,440/km² (3,730/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	33009 /33120
Elevation	0–45 m (0–148 ft) (avg. 8 m or 26 ft)
¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Arcachon (French:[aʁ.ka.ʃɔ̃];Gascon:Arcaishon) is acommune in the southwestern Frenchdepartment ofGironde. It is a popular seaside resort on theAtlantic coast 55 kilometres (34 mi) southwest ofBordeaux, in theLandes forest. It has a sandy beach and a mild climate, said to be favourable for people suffering from pulmonary complaints.

History

On 2 May 1857,Emperor Napoleon III signed animperial decree declaring that Arcachon was now anautonomous municipality; coincidentally, the railway line extension fromBordeaux to Arcachon had been completed that same year.^[3] At that time, Arcachon was scarcely more than a forest of pine trees, oaks and strawberry trees (arbutus), with no road links and few real housesand a population fewer than 400 people, mostly fishermen and peasants. In earlier years, when some hygienists began to recommend sea bathing, three sea establishments were laid out by investors to attract the Bordeaux bourgeoisie and other wealthy people.^[3] This was the beginning of a new lifestyle and some of the locals got the opportunity to claim their independence fromLa Teste-de-Buch, which owned their properties, in order to found a "free" new town, Arcachon.^{[citation needed]}^[4] Until 1950, tuberculosis patients also visited Arcachon for fresh-air treatments.^[5]

Arcachon is known for the "Arcachonnaise", the local name for anArcachon villa, the architectural style of many of the older houses built there in the nineteenth century.^[6]

TheUnited States Navy established anaval air station in the area on 8 June 1918 to operateseaplanes during World War I. The base closed shortly after theFirst Armistice at Compiègne.^[7]

Population

The historic populations of Arcachon from 1861 until 2017 are shown in the table below.

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1861	736	—
1866	2,065	+22.92%
1872	3,696	+10.19%
1876	4,981	+7.74%
1881	7,133	+7.45%
1886	8,102	+2.58%
1891	7,910	−0.48%
1896	8,221	+0.77%
1901	8,259	+0.09%
1906	9,279	+2.36%
1911	10,266	+2.04%
1921	10,634	+0.35%
1926	12,261	+2.89%

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1931	13,135	+1.39%
1936	13,102	−0.05%
1946	14,603	+1.09%
1954	14,985	+0.32%
1962	14,862	−0.10%
1968	14,986	+0.14%
1975	13,892	−1.08%
1982	13,293	−0.63%
1990	11,770	−1.51%
1999	11,454	−0.30%
2007	11,679	+0.24%
2012	11,307	−0.65%
2017	11,284	−0.04%

Source: EHESS^[8] and INSEE (1968–2017)^[9]

Geography

Arcachon seen by satellite

At its southern entrance from the Atlantic Ocean,Arcachon Bay is crowned by Europe's largest sand dune, theDune du Pilat, nearly 3 kilometres (1.9 miles) long, 500 metres (1,600 feet) wide, reaching 110 metres (360 feet) in height, and moving inland at rate of 5 metres (16 feet) a year.^[10] Arcachon is one of the largest towns within theLandes forest, alongside Dax and Mont-de-Marsan. The bay provides excellent conditions for growingoysters and around 175 hectares of the bay is dedicated tooyster farming.^[11]

The city enjoys a mild climate thanks to theGulf Stream, a warm and swift Atlantic ocean current originating from the gulf of Mexico.

Map of Landes of Gascony

Transport

The nearest airport isBordeaux–Mérignac Airport.Arcachon station is daily served by theTER Nouvelle-Aquitaine trains from Bordeaux and also by theTGV Atlantique fromParis on weekends. Public transportation is operated by buses. Boat excursions aroundArcachon Bay are provided for tourism, and boat shuttles offer transport to Cap Ferret, the Dune of Pilat, Le Canon, Le Moulleau, Andernos and Banc D'Arguin.^[11]

Arcachon railway station
City buses

People

Humbert Balsan - film producer, was born in Arcachon in 1954.
Carmen Bernos de Gasztold - poet, was born in Arcachon in 1919.
Sylvie Caster - writer and journalist, was born in Arcachon in 1952.
Alexandre Dumas - writer, once lived in Arcachon's Ville d'Hiver.
Ramón Emeterio Betances -Puerto Rican politician, spent close to six months at Arcachon shortly before his death in 1898.
Jean Périsson - composer, was born here in 1924
Louise Talma - composer, was born here in 1906.
Charles Tournemire - composer-organist, died here in 1939.

On the other side of the Bassin d'Arcachon isCap Ferret, a popular resort for celebrities includingZinedine Zidane and Jean Pierre Pernaut, who have holiday homes.^{[citation needed]}

Twin towns – sister cities

Town hall of Arcachon

Arcachon istwinned with:

See also

References

^"Répertoire national des élus: les maires".data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
^"Populations de référence 2022" (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
^^a ^b"L'Histoire de la ville d'Arcachon". Ville-arcachon.fr. 2018.
^Guédon, Marcel (2005).Arcachon 150 ans d'histoire. Elytis.ISBN 978-2914659512.
^"The Arcachon Bay-a cosy cocoon". nouvelobs.com. 3 July 2019.
^"Arcachon's charming and exclusive Ville d'Hiver". housesandapartments.fr. 21 February 2019.
^Van Wyen, Adrian O. (1969).Naval Aviation in World War I. Washington, D.C.: Chief of Naval Operations. p. 65.
^Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui:Commune data sheet Arcachon,EHESS(in French).
^Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
^"Dune du Pilat – Europe's Largest Sand Dune". The French Atlantic Coast.com. 2018.
^^a ^b"Oyster farms". bateliers-arcachon.com. 2021. Archived fromthe original on 16 March 2022. Retrieved23 April 2021.

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide forArcachon.

Wikimedia Commons has media related toArcachon.

v
t
e

Communes of theGironde department

^pref:prefecture
^subpr:subprefecture

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arcachon&oldid=1307564755"

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp