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Apple M4

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
System-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc
Apple M4 series
General information
Launched
  • M4: May 15, 2024; 21 months ago (2024-05-15)
  • M4 Pro and Max: November 8, 2024; 15 months ago (2024-11-08)
Designed byApple
Common manufacturer
Physical specifications
Transistors
    • M4
    • 28 billion
Cores
    • M4
    • 8 or 10 (3 or 4 P-Cores + 4 or 6 E-Cores)
    • M4 Pro
    • 12 or 14 (8 or 10 P-Cores + 4 E-Cores)
    • M4 Max
    • 14 or 16 (10 or 12 P-Cores + 4 E-Cores)
Memory (RAM)
    • M4
    • LPDDR5X 7500 MT/s
    • (8, 16, 24 or 32 GB)[1]
    • M4 Pro
    • LPDDR5X 8533 MT/s
    • (24, 48 or 64 GB)
    • M4 Max
    • LPDDR5X 8533 MT/s
    • (36, 48, 64 or 128 GB)
GPUs
  • Apple-designed integrated graphics
  • M4
  • 8 or 10 cores
  • M4 Pro
  • 16 or 20 cores
  • M4 Max
  • 32 or 40 cores
Co-processorNPU: 38 TOPS
Architecture and classification
Application
Technology node 3 nm (N3E)
MicroarchitectureDonan/BravaChop/Brava
Instruction setARMv9.2-A[2]
Products, models, variants
Variant
History
PredecessorApple M3
SuccessorApple M5

Apple M4 is a series ofARM-basedsystem on a chip (SoC) designed byApple Inc., part of theApple silicon series, including acentral processing unit (CPU), agraphics processing unit (GPU), aneural processing unit (NPU), and adigital signal processor (DSP). The M4 SoC was introduced in May 2024 for theiPad Pro (7th generation), and is the fourth generation of theM series Apple silicon architecture, succeeding theApple M3. This chip was succeeded by theApple M5 chip in 2025.[3][4][5]

Design

[edit]

The M4 series is built uponTSMC's second-generation3-nanometer process and contains 28 billion transistors.[6]

It is Apple's first SoC to reportedly use theARMv9 CPU architecture. The M4 is based on ARMv9.2a. It supports the Scalable Matrix Extension (SME) but not theScalable Vector Extension (SVE). Because of the lack of SVE support, theLLVM compiler officially flags the M4 as supporting ARMv8.7a.[7]

CPU

[edit]

The base M4 features an 8, 9 or 10-core design made up of three or four performance cores and four or six efficiency cores (with one performance core disabled on binned models)

The M4 Pro features a 12 or 14-core CPU, with eight or ten performance cores and four efficiency cores. Meanwhile, the M4 Max features a 14 or 16-core CPU, with an optional two more performance cores than the M4 Pro.[8]

GPU

[edit]

The base M4 includes an 8 or 10-core GPU, withhardware-acceleratedray tracing, dynamic caching, and mesh shading introduced with the M3.[9] The M4 Pro has a 16 or 20-core GPU, while the M4 Max contains a 32 or 40-core GPU.

Apple claims that the ray tracing engine of the M4 family of GPUs is twice as fast as the M3.[8]

NPU

[edit]

The M4 Neural Engine has been significantly improved compared to its predecessor, with the advertised capability to perform up to 38 trillion operations per second, claimed to be more than double the advertised performance of the M3. The M4 NPU performs over 60× faster than the A11 Bionic, and is approximately 3× faster than the original M1.[9][10]

Memory

[edit]

The M4 is packaged withLPDDR5X unified memory, supporting 120GB/sec of memorybandwidth. The SoC is offered in 8GB, 16GB, 24GB, and 32GB configurations, with the 8GB configuration only being available on the iPad.[3]

The M4 Pro is available with up to 64GB unified memory (Mac Mini) with a theoretical maximum bandwidth of 273GB/sec.[11] The M4 Max is capable of addressing up to 128GB unified memory, with over half a terabyte per second (546GB/sec) of memory bandwidth, with a slightly reduced bandwidth (410GB/sec) for the binned 32-core M4 Max.[12]

Performance

[edit]

Apple claims up to 50% more CPU performance and 4× more GPU performance on the M4 compared to the M2. The M4 competes for the highest-scoring consumer SoC for single-core benchmarks according to various sources such as theGeekbenchbenchmarking suite[13] and Passmark Software's CPU benchmarks.[14] In doing so, M4's single-core performance[15][16] competes withAMD'sRyzen 7 9700X[17][18] andIntel'sCore i9-14900K.[19][20][21][22]

Meanwhile, inmultithreaded performance, the M4 performs similarly to the M3 Pro and the product line as a whole competes with similar consumer level processors from Intel and AMD, such as the Intel Core Ultra and AMD Ryzen series.[23][24]

Additional features

[edit]

The M4 is the first iPad SoC to support hardware-acceleratedAV1 decoding, as well as hardware-accelerated mesh shading and ray tracing introduced to MacBooks in the M3. A newdisplay controller has also been implemented to support theiPad Pro (7th generation)'s TandemOLED display.[9][25]

Products that use the Apple M4 series

[edit]

M4

[edit]

M4 Pro

[edit]

M4 Max

[edit]

Variants

[edit]
  • The table below shows the SoCs in the Apple M4 product family and their applications.
VariantCPUGPUNPUMemoryTransistor
count
TDPUsed in
P-
cores
E-
cores
Cores[a]EUALUCoresPerformanceRAM (MT/s)Control-
lers[b]
Bandwidth
A18244645121638 TOPSLPDDR5X-7500460 GB/s15.2 billion8 WiPhone 16e
580640iPhone 16/Plus
A18 Pro69676818 billioniPhone 16 Pro/Pro Max
M4361016012808120 GB/s28 billion22 WiPad Pro(256–512GB)[27]
4iPad Pro(1–2TB)[27]
iMac(4-port), Mac Mini, MacBook Pro 14", MacBook Air
481281024iMac(2-port), MacBook Air
M4 Pro8162562048LPDDR5X-853316273 GB/s38 WMac Mini
MacBook Pro
1020320256046 W
M4 Max32512409624410 GB/s62 WMacBook Pro
Mac Studio
1240640512032546 GB/s70 W

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Each GPU core has 16execution units (EUs) and 128arithmetic logic units (ALUs)
  2. ^EachLPDDR5 memory controller contains a 16-bit memory channel and can access up to 4 GB of memory.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abSmith, Ryan (May 7, 2024)."Apple Announces M4 SoC: Latest and Greatest Starts on 2024 iPad Pro".AnandTech. Archived fromthe original on May 22, 2024. RetrievedJune 14, 2024.
  2. ^"llvm-project/blob/e5e38ddf1b8043324175868831da21e941c00aff/llvm/lib/Target/AArch64/AArch64Processors.td at main · llvm/llvm-project".GitHub. 29 August 2024. Retrieved12 September 2024.
  3. ^abLeswing, Kif (May 7, 2024)."Apple announces new iPad Pro with M4, new iPad Air tablets".CNBC. NBCUniversal. RetrievedMay 8, 2024.
  4. ^Warren, Tom (May 7, 2024)."Next-gen M4 chips start arriving in Apple devices this year".The Verge.Vox Media. RetrievedMay 8, 2024.
  5. ^"Apple introduces M4 chip" (Press release). Cupertino, CA: Apple Inc. May 7, 2024. RetrievedMay 8, 2024.
  6. ^Sohail, Omar (2024-05-07)."Apple's M4 Is Made Using Second-Generation 3nm Process, Sports Higher Core Count, Upgraded Neural Engine; New GPU Supports Mesh Shading And Other Upgrades".Wccftech. Retrieved2024-07-11.
  7. ^Larabel, Michael (2024-06-15)."Apple M4 Support Added To The LLVM Compiler, Confirming Its ISA Capabilities".phoronix.com. Retrieved2024-06-16.
  8. ^ab"Apple introduces M4 Pro and M4 Max".Apple Newsroom. Retrieved2025-03-06.
  9. ^abcd"Apple unveils stunning new iPad Pro with the world's most advanced display, M4 chip, and Apple Pencil Pro" (Press release). Cupertino, CA: Apple Inc. May 7, 2024. RetrievedMay 8, 2024.
  10. ^"Introducing TSMC N3E As Seen In Apple M4 SoC | TechInsights".www.techinsights.com. Retrieved2024-07-11.
  11. ^"Apple introduces M4 Pro and M4 Max" (Press release). Apple Inc. October 30, 2024.
  12. ^"Apple's new MacBook Pro features the incredibly powerful M4 family of chips" (Press release). Cupertino, CA: Apple Inc. October 30, 2024. RetrievedNovember 10, 2024.
  13. ^Norem, Josh (May 10, 2024)."The Apple M4 Is the New Geekbench Single-Core Performance Champion".ExtremeTech.Ziff Davis. RetrievedMay 12, 2024.
  14. ^"Apple M4 10 Core Benchmark".www.cpubenchmark.net. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  15. ^"Mac15,9 - Geekbench".browser.geekbench.com. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  16. ^"Apple M3 Max 16 Core Benchmark".www.cpubenchmark.net. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  17. ^"Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd. X670E AORUS MASTER - Geekbench".browser.geekbench.com. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  18. ^"AMD Ryzen 7 9700X Benchmark".www.cpubenchmark.net. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  19. ^"ASUS System Product Name - Geekbench".browser.geekbench.com. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  20. ^"Intel Core i9-14900K Benchmark".www.cpubenchmark.net. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  21. ^"iPad16,6 - Geekbench".browser.geekbench.com. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  22. ^"Apple M4 10 Core Benchmark".www.cpubenchmark.net. Retrieved2024-10-20.
  23. ^"Apple M4 (10-Core) vs M3 Pro: performance comparison".NanoReview.net. Retrieved2025-03-08.
  24. ^Mayo, Benjamin (May 11, 2024)."iPad Pro with M4 chip boasts impressive performance jump compared to just-released M3 MacBook Air".9to5Mac. RetrievedMay 12, 2024.
  25. ^"M4 vs. M3: How much better are Apple's latest chips?".Digital Trends. 2024-05-09. Retrieved2024-07-11.
  26. ^ab"Apple's new Mac mini is more mighty, more mini, and built for Apple Intelligence".Apple Newsroom. Retrieved2024-10-29.
  27. ^ab"iPad Pro - Technical Specifications".Apple. Retrieved2024-11-09.
A series
Current
Discontinued
M series
Current
Discontinued
S series
T series
Apple hardware since 1998
Mac
Desktops
Laptops
iPhone
iPad
iPod
Other
consumer
electronics
Accessories
Silicon
See also template:Apple hardware before 1998
Application ARM-based chips
Application
processors
(32-bit)
ARMv7-A
Cortex-A5
Cortex-A7
Cortex-A8
Cortex-A9
Cortex-A15
Cortex-A17
Others
ARMv7-A
compatible
ARMv8-A
Others
Application
processors
(64-bit)
ARMv8-A
Cortex-A35
Cortex-A53
Cortex-A57
Cortex-A72
Cortex-A73
Others
ARMv8-A
compatible
ARMv8.1-A
ARMv8.1-A
compatible
ARMv8.2-A
Cortex-A55
Cortex-A75
Cortex-A76
Cortex-A77
Cortex-A78
Cortex-X1
Neoverse N1
Others
  • Cortex-A65, Cortex-A65AE, Cortex-A76AE, Cortex-A78C, Cortex-X1C,Neoverse E1
ARMv8.2-A
compatible
ARMv8.3-A
ARMv8.3-A
compatible
ARMv8.4-A
Neoverse V1
ARMv8.4-A
compatible
ARMv8.5-A
ARMv8.5-A
compatible
ARMv8.6-A
ARMv8.6-A
compatible
ARMv8.7-A
ARMv8.7-A
compatible
ARMv9.0-A
Cortex-A510
Cortex-A710
Cortex-A715
Cortex-X2
Cortex-X3
Neoverse N2
Neoverse V2
ARMv9.2-A
Cortex-A520
Cortex-A720
Cortex-A725
Cortex-X4
Cortex-X925
Neoverse N3
-
Neoverse V3
ARMv9.2-A
compatible
ARMv9.3-A
C1-Ultra
C1-Premium
C1-Pro
C1-Nano
TBD
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