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Anyin language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kwa language spoken in West Africa
Anyin
Anyi
Native toCôte d'Ivoire,Ghana
EthnicityAnyi
Native speakers
1.5 million (2017)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
any – Anyin
mtb – Anyin Morofo
Glottologanyi1246

Anyin, also known asAgni,Agny, andAnyi, is aNiger-Congo language spoken mainly inCôte d'Ivoire andGhana. It is aKwa language of theCentral Tano branch, forming adialect continuum withBaoulé, and is closely related toNzema andSehwi.[2] Its dialects, divided into Northern and Central dialect areas, include Sannvin, Abé, Ano, Bona, Bini, and Barabo in the Northern area and Ndenye and Juablin in the Central area. In Côte d'Ivoire, there are approximately 1.45 million native speakers of Anyin, along with 10,000 second-language users; in Ghana, there are approximately 66,400 speakers.[3]

Morofo, spoken by 300,000 in southeastern Côte d'Ivoire, is sometimes classified as a dialect of Anyin, but may also be classified as a separate language.[4]

Phonology

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Consonants

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LabialLabial-velarAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Nasalmnɲŋ
Plosive/
Affricate
voicelesspkptck
voicedbgbdɟg
Fricativevoicelessfsh
Approximantɥw(l)j
Trillr

Vowels

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FrontBack
Closeiɪʊu
Mideɛɔo
Opena

Of these vowels, five may be nasalized: /ĩ/, /ɪ̃/, /ã/, /ũ/, and /ʊ̃/.[5]

Tones

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Anyin has two level tones, high and mid; two contour tones, high-low and low-high; and one neutral tone.[2][5] Tones are distinguished orthographically only to distinguish minimal pairs and grammatical constructions, or when two otherwise identical vowels with differing tones co-occur: cf. ⟨baá⟩ ([bàá], "child") vs. ⟨ba⟩ ([bá], "to arrive", "to come").[2]

Grammar

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Pronouns

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Anyin uses the following pronouns:[6]

PersonSingularPlural
1stsubject
non-subjectmĩ́
2ndsubjectɛémɔ́
non-subjectwɔ́
3rdsubjectɔbɛ́
non-subjectbɛ́

See also

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References

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  1. ^Anyin atEthnologue (22nd ed., 2019)Closed access icon
    Anyin Morofo atEthnologue (22nd ed., 2019)Closed access icon
  2. ^abcKoffi, Ettien N'da (1990).The interface between phonology and morpho(phono)logy in the standardization of Anyi orthography(PDF) (PhD thesis). Indiana University.
  3. ^"Anyin".Ethnologue. Retrieved2020-01-03.
  4. ^"Anyin Morofo".Ethnologue. Retrieved2020-01-03.
  5. ^abAhua, Mouchi Blaise (2004).Conditions linguistiques pour une orthographe de l’agni: une analyse contrastive des dialectes sanvi et djuablin [Linguistic conditions for an orthography of Agni: a contrastive analysis of the Sanvi and Djuablin dialects] (PhD thesis) (in French). Osnabrück University.urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2005041316.
  6. ^Burmeister, Jonathan (1988)."Personal pronouns in Anyi and related languages".Journal of West African Languages.18 (2):83–104. Retrieved2020-01-04.

External links

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