Clement VIII | |
|---|---|
 Tomb of Antipope Clement VIII inPalma Cathedral | |
| Papacy began | 10 June 1423 |
| Papacy ended | 26 July 1429 |
| Predecessor | Roman claimant: Martin V Antipapal (Avignonian) claimant: Benedict XIII |
| Successor | Roman claimant: Martin V Antipapal (Avignonian) claimant: Benedict XIV |
| Opposed to | Roman claimant: Pope Martin V Other claimant: Benedict XIV (Jean Carrier) |
| Other post(s) | Bishop of Mallorca |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Gil Sánchez Muñoz y Carbón 1369 |
| Died | 28 December 1445[1] or 1446[2] |
| Buried | Palma,Kingdom of Majorca |
| Nationality | Aragonese |
Clement VIII, bornGil Sánchez Muñoz y Carbón (1369/70 – 28 December 1445/46), was one of theantipopes of the Avignon obedience, reigning from 10 June 1423 to 26 July 1429. When KingAlfonso V of Aragon reached an agreement withPope Martin V, Sánchez Muñoz abdicated, made his submission and was appointedbishop of Mallorca.
Gil Sánchez was born inTeruel between 1369 and 1370.[3] He was a friend and advisor of the future Avignon anti-popeBenedict XIII, and member of the Avignon curia. In 1396 he was an envoy to the Bishop ofValencia to getSpanish support. Benedict had appointed fourcardinals, and on his death, three of them, on 10 June 1423, elected Sánchez Muñoz as Pope.[1] The fourth, Jean Carrier, absent at the time, declared the election invalid, and elected his own antipope in turn, who took the nameBenedict XIV. Consequently, Jean Carrier wasexcommunicated by Clement VIII.[4]
Clement VIII's fate was bound up with the ambitions ofAlfonso V of Aragon. Alfonso wished to negotiate forNaples, and so gave Clement support; his queenMaria of Castile, and the Aragonese bishops supportedMartin V. In the summer of 1423 Alfonso persuaded theRepublic of Siena to acknowledge Clement VIII, thus securing recognition for the pope of the Avignon line in the very city,Pavia, which was part of the Republic of Siena,[dubious –discuss] where the Roman popeMartin V had convened an ecumenical council of the Church.[citation needed]
However, through the exertions of CardinalPierre de Foix, an able diplomat and relation of the King’s, an agreement was reached between Alfonso and the Pope.[2] Alfonso then sent a delegation in 1428 (headed by Alfonso de Borgia, the futureCallixtus III), to persuade Clement to recognise Martin. Clement declared his abdication on 26 July 1429 and had his cardinals elect Oddone Colonna (Martin V) his successor, a formal act precluding future doubts concerningapostolic succession. His abdication was confirmed in mid-August. Clement had to make a penitential submissionin forma to Martin V, and when this was done Martin granted Sánchez Muñoz theBishopric of Mallorca.[5][6] Sánchez Muñoz died on 28 December 1445[1] or 1446.[2]
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Hayes, Carlton Huntley (1911). "Clement s.v. Clement VIII.". InChisholm, Hugh (ed.).Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 486.| Late Antiquity | |||||||
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