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| Anthomyiidae | |
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| Root-maggot fly Hydrophoria linogrisea | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Clade: | Eremoneura |
| (unranked): | Cyclorrhapha |
| Section: | Schizophora |
| Subsection: | Calyptratae |
| Superfamily: | Muscoidea |
| Family: | Anthomyiidae Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830[1] |
| Subfamilies | |
TheAnthomyiidae are a large and diversefamily ofMuscoideaflies. Most look rather like small houseflies. Most species are drab grey to black. ManyPegomya are yellow, and some members of thegeneraAnthomyia andEutrichota are patterned in black-and-white or black-and-silvery-grey. Most are difficult to identify, apart from a few groups such as thekelp flies that are conspicuous on beaches.
The name Anthomyiidae was derived from Greekanthos (flower) plusmyia (a fly).
Some species are commonly called "root-maggots", as thelarvae are found in the stems and roots of various plants. As larvae, some also feed on decaying plant material. The well-known grey "seaweed flies" or "kelp flies" (Fucellia) are examples.[2] Others are scavengers in such places as birds' nests; yet other species areleaf miners; the family also includesinquilines,commensals, andparasitic larvae.
Some species in the family are significant agricultural pests,[3] particularly some from the genusDelia, which includes the onion fly (D. antiqua), the wheat bulb fly (D. coarctata), the turnip root fly (D. floralis), the seedcorn maggot (D. platura), and the cabbage root fly (D. radicum).
In some contexts, like mountain environments, the adults can be common flower visitors,[4] also being involved in pollination.[5]
These flies are small or moderate in size. Hypopleural bristles found on the sides of the thorax are apical. The anal vein of the wing reaches the margin of the wings (except inChelisia). The median vein is straight, not curved towards the anterior alar margin. Three pairs of postsutural dorsocentral bristles almost always are present. The first segment of the posterior tarsi are on the lower side near the base with minute bristles. The sternopleuron lower side often has short, soft hairs. Eyes in the male in most cases are close-set or contiguous. Females of many species are not known as of yet. Anthomyiidae, commonly referred to as "root-maggot flies," exhibit small to moderate sizes and distinctive anatomical features, including hypopleural bristles on the thorax and a characteristic wing vein structure. Notably, the presence of three pairs of postsutural dorsocentral bristles is a common trait among these flies. Furthermore, the close-set or contiguous eyes in males and the limited knowledge about females in many species underscore the need for further research into Anthomyiidae biology and behavior.
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Wyman, J. A., Libby, J. L., & Chapman, R. K. (1977). Cabbage Maggot Management Aided by Predictions of Adult Emergence12. Journal of Economic Entomology., 70(3), 327–331.https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/70.3.327
GRISALES, D., LOPES, A. C., & DE CARVALHO, C. J. B. (2016). FAMILY ANTHOMYIIDAE. Zootaxa, 4122(1), 803–806.https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.68
Lasa, R., Córdova-García, G., Navarro-de-la-Fuente, L., & Williams, T. (2024). Sticky traps and water pan traps to monitor Delia planipalpis (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), an emerging pest of broccoli in Mexico. Crop Protection, 176, 106495-.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2023.106495
