 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Anshun" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(August 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Anshun 安顺市 | |
|---|---|
 | |
.png) Location of Anshun City jurisdiction in Guizhou | |
  Anshun Location of the city center in Guizhou Show map of Guizhou Anshun Anshun (Southwest China) Show map of Southwest China Anshun Anshun (China) Show map of China | |
| Coordinates (Anshun municipal government):26°15′11″N105°56′51″E / 26.2531°N 105.9476°E /26.2531; 105.9476 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Guizhou |
| Municipal seat | Xixiu District |
| Area | |
| 9,269 km2 (3,579 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 1,724.24 km2 (665.73 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,724.24 km2 (665.73 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,380 m (4,530 ft) |
| Population (2010 census)[2] | |
| 2,297,339 | |
| • Density | 247.9/km2 (641.9/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 765,313 |
| • Urban density | 443.855/km2 (1,149.58/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 765,313 |
| • Metro density | 443.855/km2 (1,149.58/sq mi) |
| GDP[3] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 96.7 billion US$ 14.0 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 39,160 US$ 5,678 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 561000 |
| Area code | 0851 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-GZ-04 |
| Website | anshun |
Anshun (simplified Chinese:安顺;traditional Chinese:安順;pinyin:Ānshùn) is aprefecture-level city located in southwesternGuizhou province,southwest China, near theHuangguoshu Waterfall, the tallest in China. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 2,297,339. The city proper had a population of 765,313. Within the prefecture are attractions such as The Long Gong Dragon Caves and the Getu River.
During theWarring States period, the area belonged to the independent kingdom ofYelang.[4] TheRecords of the Grand Historian states that of all the independent kingdoms in the area, Yelang was the largest.[4] The kingdom was located alongZangke River (now called Beipan River), andNanpan River.[citation needed] Bamboo Worship, Cow Totems, bullfights and dogfights were the culture traditions of the Yelang Empire.[citation needed] In 111 BCE, Yelang was conquered by theHan dynasty, and incorporated asZangke Commandery.[4] From 28 BCE to 25 BCE, an insurrection againstEmperor Cheng called for the reinstatement of the Yelang Kingdom, but was crushed by Han forces.[4]
In theThree Kingdoms period, the area was split between the county of Yelang and the county ofQielan [zh] withinYi Province.[4]
Under theJin dynasty, the area of present-day Anshun would fall under the jurisdiction of Guangtan County (廣談縣) within Yi Province.[4]
During the Sui dynasty, the area belonged to Binhua County (宾化縣), located within Zangke Commandery,Zang Province [zh].[4]
This organization of the region remained intact until the latter portion of the Tang dynasty, when it was re-organized under thePuning Commandery [zh].[4] The area would remain under the Puning Commandery until 1292, when, under theYuan dynasty, the area would fall underPuding Prefecture [zh], which it would remain under until 1372.[4]
Anshun Prefecture [zh] was established during the earlyMing dynasty to govern the region, and would remain until 1602, when it was replaced by the Anshun Military and Civil Administration (安順軍民府).[4] The area was incorporated into the Qing dynasty in 1658, and a newAnshun Prefecture [zh] was established.[4] In April 1638,Xu Xiake, the greatest travel writer and geographer of ancient China, traveled to Anshun.[5]
In 1673, the area became engulfed under theRevolt of the Three Feudatories, during which, significant fighting took place in Anshun.[4]
The Anshun Prefecture would remain until January 15, 1913, when theRepublic of China revoked the prefecture system.[4] After a short-lived implementation of a county to govern Anshun, the city was placed underGuizhou West Circuit [zh], until reverting to the county system.[4]
In 1950,Anshun Prefecture [zh] was established, governing 6county-level divisions.[6] In 1958, Anshun County (安顺县) was upgraded to serve as acounty-level city.[4][6] In 1970, Anshun Prefecture was re-organized as Anshun Area (安顺地区), which it would remain until June 23, 2000, when it was re-organized as aprefecture-level city.[4][6]
Anshun's administrative area spans latitude 25° 21′−26° 38′ N and longitude 105° 13′−106° 34′ E and contains sizeable areas ofkarst formation. It bordersGuiyang, the provincial capital, andQiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture to the east,Liupanshui to the west,Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture to the south, andBijie to the north. Within the prefecture, the elevation ranges from 1,102 to 1,694 metres (3,615 to 5,558 ft).
Anshun has amonsoon-influencedhumid subtropical climate (KöppenCwa) bordering on asubtropical highland climate (KöppenCwb), tempered by its rather high altitude and having frequent rain (falling on just over half of the days of the year) and high humidity year-round. Winters are short, cool and damp, while summers are very warm. The monthly 24-hour mean temperature ranges from 4.5 °C (40.1 °F) in January to 22.0 °C (71.6 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 14.22 °C (57.6 °F). Over two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from May to August.
| Climate data for Anshun, elevation 1,431 m (4,695 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.9 (71.4) | 26.1 (79.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 32.2 (90.0) | 33.4 (92.1) | 31.0 (87.8) | 32.4 (90.3) | 32.5 (90.5) | 31.7 (89.1) | 27.7 (81.9) | 24.0 (75.2) | 22.3 (72.1) | 33.4 (92.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.5 (45.5) | 10.8 (51.4) | 15.4 (59.7) | 20.3 (68.5) | 22.9 (73.2) | 24.4 (75.9) | 25.9 (78.6) | 26.2 (79.2) | 23.5 (74.3) | 18.5 (65.3) | 14.9 (58.8) | 9.5 (49.1) | 18.3 (65.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.3 (39.7) | 6.9 (44.4) | 10.7 (51.3) | 15.5 (59.9) | 18.6 (65.5) | 20.6 (69.1) | 22.0 (71.6) | 21.9 (71.4) | 19.4 (66.9) | 15.1 (59.2) | 11.2 (52.2) | 6.2 (43.2) | 14.4 (57.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) | 4.3 (39.7) | 7.8 (46.0) | 12.3 (54.1) | 15.5 (59.9) | 18.1 (64.6) | 19.5 (67.1) | 19.0 (66.2) | 16.5 (61.7) | 12.8 (55.0) | 8.7 (47.7) | 3.9 (39.0) | 11.7 (53.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.2 (22.6) | −4.8 (23.4) | −5.9 (21.4) | 1.3 (34.3) | 6.7 (44.1) | 11.1 (52.0) | 10.7 (51.3) | 13.6 (56.5) | 8.5 (47.3) | 3.7 (38.7) | −2.4 (27.7) | −5.7 (21.7) | −5.9 (21.4) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 25.6 (1.01) | 21.3 (0.84) | 33.5 (1.32) | 67.7 (2.67) | 170.8 (6.72) | 297.3 (11.70) | 237.8 (9.36) | 171.8 (6.76) | 113.0 (4.45) | 95.5 (3.76) | 35.2 (1.39) | 19.0 (0.75) | 1,288.5 (50.73) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 16.1 | 13.4 | 15.3 | 14.4 | 17.3 | 18.7 | 17.5 | 15.0 | 12.5 | 16.1 | 11.7 | 12.9 | 180.9 |
| Average snowy days | 4.5 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 9.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 84 | 81 | 78 | 76 | 76 | 81 | 81 | 79 | 78 | 82 | 80 | 81 | 80 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 45.1 | 66.2 | 95.4 | 129.1 | 133.6 | 105.5 | 153.1 | 172.3 | 126.3 | 80.5 | 89.2 | 61.3 | 1,257.6 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 14 | 21 | 26 | 34 | 32 | 26 | 37 | 43 | 35 | 23 | 28 | 19 | 28 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[7][8] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[9] | |||||||||||||
Anshun administers onedistrict, twocounties, and threeautonomous counties. In addition, there are two other administrative areas:theAnshun Economic Development Zone (安顺经济开发区)and the national-levelHuangguoshu Scenic Area (黄果树风景名胜区).
| Map | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Division code[10] | English name | Simp. Chinese | Trad. Chinese | Pinyin | Area in km2[11] | Seat | Postal code | Divisions[12] | |||||
| Subdistricts | Towns | Townships | Ethnic townships | Residential communities | Villages | ||||||||
| 520400 | Anshun | 安顺市 | 安順市 | Ānshùn Shì | 9253.06 | Xixiu District | 561000 | 7 | 44 | 36 | 11 | 106 | 1837 |
| 520402 | Xixiu District | 西秀区 | 西秀區 | Xīxiù Qū | 1724.24 | Dongguan Subdistrict (东关街道) | 561000 | 7 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 57 | 498 |
| 520403 | Pingba District | 平坝区 | 平壩區 | Píngbà Xiàn | 985.49 | Anping Subdistrict (安平街道) | 561100 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 17 | 193 | |
| 520422 | Puding County | 普定县 | 普定縣 | Pǔdìng Xiàn | 1090.49 | Chengguan (城关镇) | 562100 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 317 | |
| 520423 | Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County | 镇宁布依族苗族自治县 | 鎮寧布依族苗族自治縣 | Zhènníng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | 1709.42 | Chengguan (城关镇) | 561200 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 365 | ||
| 520424 | Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County | 关岭布依族苗族自治县 | 關嶺布依族苗族自治縣 | Guānlǐng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | 1470.49 | Guansuo Subdistrict (关索街道) | 561300 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 241 | ||
| 520425 | Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County | 紫云苗族布依族自治县 | 紫雲苗族布依族自治縣 | Zǐyún Miáozú Bùyīzú Zìzhìxiàn | 2272.94 | Songshan (松山镇) | 550800 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 223 | ||
| Note: Xixiu District includes one subdistrict and two towns of the Anshun Economic Development Zone, while the two towns of Huangguoshu Scenic Area, Huangguoshu (黄果树镇) and Baishui (白水镇), are administered by Zhenning and Guanling Counties, respectively. | |||||||||||||
As of 2019, the city'sGDP totaled 92.394 billionYuan, an increase of 8.1% from 2018.[13] 17.0% of the city's GDP came from theprimary sector, 31.7% from thesecondary sector, and 51.3% from thetertiary sector.[13]
Major agricultural products grown in Anshun includerice,yams,maize,rapeseed,watermelons, and variousvegetables.[13] The city is also home to a sizable animal husbandry industry, which produces mostly pork, but also significant amounts of beef, poultry, and mutton.[13]
Anshun's industry produces bothconsumer goods andintermediate goods.[13] Major consumer goods produced in the city includedetergent, various paper products,liquors,Chinese traditional medicine, andmobile phones.[13] Major intermediate goods produced in the city includeconstruction materials such as stone and cement, rawaluminium,barium salt, androlling bearings.[13]
In recent years, the city has played an important role in the development of military aircraft, with significant production taking place in the city, and withAnshun Huangguoshu Airport serving as a testing ground for new military aircraft.[14][15] In 2019, the city government announced an initiative to further increase the city's aerospace industry over the next few years.[16]
| Name | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residence population[17](Nov. 2010) | Hukou population[18] (end of 2010) | |||
| Total | % | Population density (persons/km2) | ||
| Anshun | 2297339 | 100 | 247.91 | 2797871 |
| Xixiu District | 765313 | 33.31 | 449.13 | 868669 |
| Pingba County | 298034 | 12.97 | 298.33 | 353777 |
| Puding County | 378288 | 16.47 | 346.42 | 459605 |
| Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County | 283880 | 12.36 | 165.05 | 381192 |
| Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County | 301562 | 13.13 | 205.42 | 366814 |
| Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County | 270262 | 11.76 | 118.33 | 367814 |
According to theSixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China conducted in 2010, the residence population was 2,297,339, a reduction of 34,402 (1.48%) from the Fifth Census in 2000. The male-female ratio was 107.34 males per 100 females. Persons aged 0–14 numbered 580,910 (25.29%), 15–64 numbered 1,516,977 (66.03%), and 65+ numbered at 199,452 (8.68%). The urban population was 690,138 (only 30.04%).
Among the residence population, there were 1,466,833 people ofHan ethnicity (63.85%), with members of various otherethnic groups taking up the other 36.15%.
The city is home to a significant number ofTunpo People, many of whom live inTianlong Tunbao town.[citation needed]
The city sits on theGuiyang-Kunming railway [zh], a section on theShanghai-Kunming railway.[19]Anshun West railway station serves as a stop on theShanghai–Kunming high-speed railway, as well as one of two terminals on theAnshun–Liupanshui intercity railway.[20]
Anshun Huangguoshu Airport is located in the city.[19] The airport is a dual-use facilities, offering civilian as well as military air services.[21] The airport's destinations include Chongqing, Guangzhou and Beijing'sDaxing Airport.[citation needed] Most travelers choose to useGuiyang Longdongbao International Airport and take a coach between there and Anshun.[citation needed]
TheG60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway andNational Highway 320 both run through Anshun.[19]
Anshun Normal University is the largest local institution of higher education,[citation needed] hosting Peace Corps Volunteer TEFL teachers since 2005.
Tourist attractions and landmarks in Anshun include:
AnshunBatiks are a traditional folk Chinese handicraft art of Buyi Minority. People use wax pen to draw various patterns on white cloth such as flowers, birds and some strange shapes. Then, the cloth will be dipped dyeing in theindigotin. Finally, the patterns will be white shapes on a blue ground. Baktis can be used to make dresses and some other daily used things.
Dixi Opera is called the "living fossil ofChinese Opera". The acting style is singing and dancing. The main feature is that all actors wear thexylographic masks and sing the opera which are the ancient style.[citation needed]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
