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| House of Ivrea Casa di Ivrea Maison d'Ivrée Anscarids | |
|---|---|
| Royal family | |
 | |
| Country | Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Italy Frankish Empire Papal States County of Burgundy Kingdom of Castile,Galicia,León andKingdom of Aragon |
| Founded | 9th century |
| Founder | Anscar I |
| Final ruler | Italy:Arduin Burgundy:Joan II Castile, Galicia and León:Peter (Spain) Union of Castile and Aragon:Joanna the Mad (illegitimate line) Orange:Philibert |
| Titles | |
| Dissolution | 1369 (1369) (Castile, Galicia and León) 1555 (1555) (Spain) |
| Cadet branches |
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TheAnscarids (Latin:Anscarii) or theHouse of Ivrea were a medieval dynasty ofBurgundian andFrankish origin which rose to prominence inNorthern Italy in the tenth century, briefly holding theItalian throne. The main branch ruled theCounty of Burgundy from the eleventh to fourteenth centuries and it was one of their members who first declared himself acount palatine. ThecadetCastilian branch of Ivrea ruled theKingdom of Galicia from 1111 and theKingdoms of Castile andLeón from 1126 until 1369. The SpanishHouse of Trastámara, which ruled in Castile, Aragon, Naples, and Navarre at various points between the late 14th and early 16th centuries, was an illegitimate cadet branch of that family.
The founder of the family's fortunes was a petty Burgundian count namedAnscar, who, with the support of the powerfularchbishop of Rheims,Fulk the Venerable, broughtGuy III of Spoleto toLangres to be crownedKing of France in 887. Their plot failing, Anscar and his brother accompanied Guy back to Italy with 500 Burgundian troops to seek the throne ofBerengar I.[1] In gratefulness to Anscar, Guy created theMarch of Ivrea to bestow on his Burgundian faithful. Anscar's descendants held the march until 1030. Perhaps the most illustrious scion of the house was his grandsonBerengar, the first of three Anscarids to be crowned king of Italy.[citation needed]
Berengar seized the throne in 950 after the death ofLothair II. He was opposed, immediately, by Lothair's widowAdelaide, whom he imprisoned after his attempt to force her marriage to his son,Adalbert II, failed.Emperor Otto I came down the peninsula and forced him to do homage in 952. For the next eleven years, Berengar and his co-crowned son governed Italy until Otto finally formally deposed them in 963.[citation needed]
From 1002 to 1014Arduin of Italy held the Italian throne in opposition to the GermanHenry II.[citation needed]
Adalbert was eventually forced to flee to Burgundy, where he died atAutun. His widow remarried toOtto-Henry, Duke of Burgundy and her son by Adalbert,Otto William, was adopted by the duke. In 982, theCounty of Burgundy (which will later be known asFree County) is created. Otto-Henri supported Otto-William to be the firstcount of Burgundy. At the death of the duke, the count inherited theduchy of Burgundy. After thecouncil of Héry (1015),Robert II of France and his son,Henry I of France, confiscated the duchy, leaving only a small portion aroundDijon to Otto-William.[citation needed]
The greatest of the free counts wasRenaud III, who, from 1127, used the titlefranc-comte as a sign of independence ofGerman orImperial authority, but was forced to submit toConrad III. His daughter and heiress,Beatrice, marriedFrederick Barbarossa and united the Anscarid inheritance with that of theHohenstaufen. Burgundy was inherited by her sonOtto I, who had an Anscarid name. Thus the county was lost for the House of Ivrea, but it came back whenHugh of Chalon married toAdelaide countess of Burgundy, daughter ofBeatrice II of Hohenstaufen (Otto I's daughter). However, in 1303 diedOtto IV, Count of Burgundy, last male of the main line and the county inherited to the Dampierre family and finally to the Capetian-Valois dukes of Burgundy.[citation needed]
John I of Chalon-Arlay, a younger brother of Hugh of Chalon, became the founder of the line of Chalon-Arlay. His descendant,John III of Chalon-Arlay marriedMary de Beaux princess of Orange, thus the principality was acquired by the family. The last male offspring wasPhilibert of Chalon who died in 1530. The possessions inherited to son of his sisterClaudia of Chalon, i.e.René of Nassau.[citation needed]
Raymond, fourth son ofCount William I of Burgundy, travelled toCastile-León in the late eleventh century and there marriedUrraca, the future monarch. She was succeeded by their son,Alfonso VII. Subsequentmonarchs of Castile andLeón were their agnatic descendants until the 16th century, although the crown had passed to an illegitimate cadet branch, theHouse of Trastámara, in the late 14th century.[citation needed]
| Anscar I margrave of Ivrea House of Ivrea | Fulk Archbishop of Reims | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adalbert I margrave of Ivrea | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Berengar II margrave of Ivrea, king of Lombards in Italy | Anscar II duke of Spoleto | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gerberga of Chalon | Adalbert II co-king of Lombards in Italy | Guy margrave of Ivrea | Conrad margrave of Ivrea | Dado count of Pombia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Otto William count of Burgundy | Arduin margrave of Ivrea, king of Lombards in Italy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reginald I count of Burgundy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William I count of Burgundy | Guy count of Brionne | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reginald II count of Burgundy | Stephen I count of Burgundy | (Guy) Pope Callixtus II | Raymond count of Galicia | Urraca queen of Castile & León House of Jiménez | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William II count of Burgundy | Reginald III count of Burgundy | William III count of Mâcon | Castilian House of Ivrea | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William III count of Burgundy | Beatrice I countess of Burgundy | Stephen II count of Auxonne | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Otto I of Hohenstaufen count of Burgundy | Stephen III count of Auxonne | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beatrice II of Hohenstaufen countess of Burgundy | John count of Chalon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adelaide of Andechs countess of Burgundy | Hugh Count of Chalon | John I count of Auxerre | John I lord of Arlay House of Arlay | Hugh archbishop of Besançon | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Otto IV count of Burgundy | Reginald | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Philip V of France | Joan II countess of Burgundy | Othenin count of Montbéliard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Margaret I Countess of Burgundy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Louis II, Count of Flanders, Count of Burgundy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Margaret II Countess of Burgundy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
—Royal house — House of Ivrea | ||
| Preceded by (founder) | .svg) counts of Burgundy 982–1190 | Succeeded by |
—Royal house — House of Ivrea | ||
| Preceded by House of Andechs |  counts of Burgundy 1279–1330 | Succeeded by |
Authority control databases: National |
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