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Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Political party in Malaysia
Muslims Unity Movement
Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah
Malay nameAngkatan Perpaduan Ummah
LeaderTengku Razaleigh Hamzah
Founded1990
Dissolved1996
Preceded byMalayan Peoples' Socialist Front (SF) (1957-1969)
Harakah Keadilan Rakyat (HAK) (1986-1990)
Succeeded byBarisan Alternatif (BA)
HeadquartersKuala Lumpur,Malaysia (PAS), (S46)& (KIMMA)
Pasir Mas,Malaysia (BERJASA)
Kota Bharu,Malaysia (HAMIM)
Membership(1998)Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS)
Semangat 46 (S46)
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA)
Muslim People's Party of Malaysia (HAMIM)
Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress (KIMMA)
IdeologyIslamism
Political positionRight wing toFar-right
International affiliation-
ColorsYellow,green
Website
-
-
This article is part ofa series on the
Politics of
Malaysia
Part ofa series on
Conservatism in Malaysia
Literature
Organisations

TheAngkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU orMuslims Unity Movement) was an informal Malaysianpolitical coalition. The now defunct political coalition was formed byTengku Razaleigh Hamzah's formation ofParti Melayu Semangat 46 (S46 or Semangat 46) after leavingUnited Malays National Organisation (UMNO) that was declared illegal.[1] jointly withPan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS),Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA),Muslim People's Party of Malaysia (HAMIM) andMalaysian Indian Muslim Congress (KIMMA) before9th Malaysian General Election in 1990.[2] KIMMA left the coalition before the10th Malaysian General Election.

APU along with theGagasan Rakyat opposition coalitions led byTengku Razaleigh Hamzah after failures in the1990 and1995 general elections. After the 1995 election, relationship between PAS and Semangat 46 detotriated due to lack of respect of PAS towards Semangat 46 and differing views on Kelantan state leadership. On 5 May 1996, Razaleigh announced the union no longer exist[3] and were subsequently formally disbanded in October after Razaleigh decided to dissolve Semangat 46 to return and rejoin back UMNO.[4]

Component parties

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List of leaders

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Chairmen

[edit]
No.Name
(Birth–Death)		PortraitTerm of officeTime in officePolitical party
1Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah[5]
(b.1937)		1 February 1990[6]5 May 19965 years, 93 daysSemangat 46

Elected representatives

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General election results

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ElectionTotal seats wonSeats contestedTotal votesShare of votesOutcome of electionElection leader
1990
15 / 180
1591,218,21121.8%Increase14 seats;Opposition coalitionFadzil Noor
1995
8 / 192
1711,046,68717.6%Decrease7 seats;Opposition coalitionTengku Razaleigh Hamzah

State election results

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State electionState Legislative Assembly
Perlis State Legislative AssemblyKedah State Legislative AssemblyKelantan State Legislative AssemblyTerengganu State Legislative AssemblyPenang State Legislative AssemblyPerak State Legislative AssemblyPahang State Legislative AssemblySelangor State Legislative AssemblyNegeri Sembilan State Legislative AssemblyMalacca State Legislative AssemblyJohor State Legislative AssemblyTotal won / Total contested
1990
0 / 14
1 / 28
39 / 39
10 / 32
0 / 33
0 / 46
1 / 33
1 / 42
0 / 28
0 / 20
1 / 36
1995
0 / 15
2 / 36
36 / 43
7 / 32
0 / 33
0 / 52
0 / 38
0 / 48
0 / 32
0 / 25
0 / 40

References

[edit]
  1. ^Wong Chin Huat (17 August 2007)."Splits in Umno and Opposition unity".The Sun. Retrieved29 September 2021 – viaMalaysian Bar.
  2. ^"PAS harap pembangkang ulangi kerjasama Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah, Gagasan Rakyat – The Malaysian Insider". Archived fromthe original on 4 July 2015.
  3. ^Taib, Harris Iskandar; Ismail, Manisah (5 May 1996)."APU does not exist, declare Razaleigh".New Straits Times. p. 1. Retrieved4 December 2024.
  4. ^"S46-Dissolve: Parti Melayu Semangat '46 To Be Dissolved On Oct 6"(PDF).Bernama. 18 August 1996 – viaPerdana Leadership Foundation Library.
  5. ^"Pas want Razaleigh as Opposition Leader".New Straits Times. 1 June 1995. p. 2. Retrieved4 December 2024.
  6. ^"Al-Islah: Fadzil being used by APU".New Straits Times. 1 February 1990. p. 5. Retrieved4 December 2024.
Parties represented in theDewan Negara,Dewan Rakyat and/orState Assemblies
Pakatan Harapan (PH)
Barisan Nasional (BN)
Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS)
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS)
Perikatan Nasional (PN)
Other parties
Parties without representation in the Parliament and State Assemblies
Friends of Barisan Nasional
Perikatan Nasional (PN)
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS)
Other parties
Defunct parties and coalition
Defunct coalitions
Defunct former parliamentary parties
Other defunct parties
International
National


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