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Andrey Razumovsky | |
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| Андрей Разумовский | |
.jpg) Portrait of Razumovsky from 1810 by Austrian artistLampi the Younger | |
| Born | (1752-11-02)2 November 1752 Glukhov,Cossack Hetmanate, Russian Empire |
| Died | (1836-09-23)23 September 1836 Vienna, Austrian Empire |
| Occupation(s) | Diplomat,patronage |
| Father | Kirill Razumovsky |
Count (later Prince)Andrey Kirillovich Razumovsky[a] (2 November 1752 – 23 September 1836) was a Russian diplomat who spent many years of his life in Vienna. His name is transliterated differently in different English sources, including spellingsRazumovsky,Rasumofsky, andRasoumoffsky.[b]
Razumovsky was the son ofKirill Razumovsky, the lasthetman of the Zaporizhian Host, and of his wife,Catherine Naryshkina, a cousin ofElizabeth of Russia. He was also a nephew of the Elizabeth's lover,Aleksey Grigorievich Razumovsky, called the "Night Emperor" of Russia. The elder Rasumovsky's lateBaroque palace on theNevsky Prospekt is a minor landmark inSaint Petersburg. In 1792, Andrey Kirillovich was appointed thetsar's diplomatic representative to theHabsburg court inVienna, one of the crucial diplomatic posts during theNapoleonic era.
In 1779, Razumovsky became the first Russian ambassador in theKingdom of Naples.[1]He was a chief negotiator during theCongress of Vienna that re-organised Europe in 1814, and asserted Russian rights in Poland.
In 1808, he established ahouse string quartet consisting ofIgnaz Schuppanzigh, Louis Sina,Franz Weiss, andJoseph Linke. Razumovsky was an accomplished amateur violinist, and also known as a competenttorban (see also:theorbo) player. TheKunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna holds one of the four torbans known to have been in his possession. His commissioningthree string quartets fromBeethoven in 1806 was the act that has made his name familiar. He asked Beethoven to include a Russian theme in each quartet: Beethoven included such kind of themes in the first two.[2]
Razumovsky was the brother-in-law of another of Beethoven's patrons, PrinceJoseph Franz von Lobkowitz. His first wife, Countess Elisabeth vonThun und Hohenstein was a sister in law ofKarl Alois, Prince Lichnowsky von Woschütz.[3]
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Razumovsky built a magnificentNeoclassic palace worthy of the representative ofAlexander I, at his own expense and to the designs ofLouis Montoyer, on theLandstraße, quite close to Vienna, and filled it with antiquities and modern works of art. In the morning of 31 December 1814, during the preparation of a ball with the TsarAlexander I as guest of honor, a fire broke out in a temporary ballroom extension, setting the ballroom ablaze and burning out roomfuls of art in the back wing of the palace.[4] Even though he was raised to Prince the following year, Razumovsky was never the same. He lived in seclusion in Vienna until his death in 1836. In 1862, the street on which Razumovsky's palace is located was namedRasumofskygasse.[5]
Razumovsky converted to Roman Catholicism from his native religion, Russian Orthodoxy, under the influence of his second wife, Countess Konstanze von Thürheim (1785–1867), member ofuradel noble family fromSwabia and sister of his friendLulu von Thürheim, whom he married in February 1816.[6]
On October 22, 2015 a long-awaited musical event - Andrey Razumovsky IV Regional musical festival-competition of young performers took place in Hetman Razumovsky Palace inBaturin. This tradition started in 2012 in Baturin palace at the time of the 260 birthday anniversary of Andrey Razumovsky. He is world-known for his role as patron ofLudwig van Beethoven who dedicated three String Quartets, Op. 59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the5th and the6th Symphonies to him.
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