Ancient Times, Roman. - 017 - Costumes of All Nations (1882).
Thelegions of theRoman Republic andEmpire had a fairly standardised dress and armour, particularly from approximately the early to mid 1st century onward, when Lorica Segmentata (segmented armour) was introduced.[1] However the lack of unified production for the Roman army meant that there were still considerable differences in detail. Even the armour produced in state factories varied according to the province of origin.[2]
Fragments of surviving clothing and wall paintings indicate that the basic tunic of the Roman soldier was of red or undyed (off-white) wool.[3] Senior commanders are known to have worn white cloaks and plumes. Thecenturions, who made up the officer ranks, had decorations on their chest plates corresponding to modern medals, and the longcudgels that they carried.
Examples of items of Roman military personal armour included:
Pteruges, perhaps mostly for senior ranks, formed a defensive skirt of leather or multi-layered fabric (linen) strips or lappets worn dependant from the waists of cuirasses
Thebaldric, a belt worn over one shoulder that is typically used to carry a weapon (usually a sword) or other implement such as a bugle or drum
Thebalteus, the standard belt worn by the Roman legionary. It was probably used to tuck clothing into or to hold weapons.
Braccae (trousers), popular among Roman legionaries stationed in cooler climates to the north of southern Italy
Caligae, heavy-soled military shoes or sandals which were worn by Roman legionary soldiers and auxiliaries throughout the history of the Roman Republic and Empire.
Thefocale, a scarf worn by the Roman legionary to protect the neck from chafing caused by constant contact with the soldier's armor
Theloculus, a satchel, carried by legionaries as a part of theirsarcina (marching pack)
Thepaludamentum, a cloak or cape fastened at one shoulder, worn by military commanders and (less often) by their troops. Ordinary soldiers wore asagum instead of apaludamentum.
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