Anadarko, Oklahoma | |
|---|---|
 Downtown Anadarko, Oklahoma | |
| Motto: "Indian Capital of the Nation" | |
 Location of Anadarko, Oklahoma | |
| Coordinates:35°03′55″N98°14′39″W / 35.06528°N 98.24417°W /35.06528; -98.24417 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Oklahoma |
| County | Caddo |
| Area | |
• Total | 7.18 sq mi (18.59 km2) |
| • Land | 7.10 sq mi (18.40 km2) |
| • Water | 0.073 sq mi (0.19 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,178 ft (359 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 5,745 |
| • Density | 809/sq mi (312.2/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 73005 |
| Area codes | 405/572 |
| FIPS code | 40-02050[3] |
| GNIS feature ID | 2409703[2] |
| Website | City Website |
Anadarko is a city in and thecounty seat ofCaddo County,Oklahoma, United States. The city is 50 miles (80.5 km) southwest ofOklahoma City. The population was 5,745 at the 2020 census.[4][5]
Anadarko got its name when its post office was established in 1873. The designation came from theNadaco Native Americans, a branch of theCaddo Nation, and the "A" was added due to a clerical error.[6]
In 1871, the Wichita Agency was reestablished on the north bank of theWashita River after being destroyed in theAmerican Civil War. The Wichita Agency administered the affairs of theWichita,Caddo and other tribes. In 1878, theKiowa-Comanche Agency atFort Sill was consolidated with the Wichita Agency.[6]
In 1901, the federal government confiscated the lands of the Kiowa, Comanche and Arapaho Reservations, and opened the surplus land to white settlement. On August 6, 1901, an auction was held for homesteads and town lots. Around 5,000 people were living in "Rag Town" on the east edge of Anadarko awaiting the auction. Although 20,000 people were present for auction day, Anadarko's population dwindled to 2,190 in 1907.[6]
Agriculture has been the principal driver of the local economy, since the Washita Valley has been good for crops and livestock. The second pillar of the local economy has been Native American affairs.[6]
Anadarko Downtown Historic District was designated as aNational Register of Historic Places with theNational Park Service on December 10, 1990.[7][8]
Media related toAnadarko Downtown Historic District at Wikimedia Commons| Climate data for Anadarko, Oklahoma | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 84 (29) | 89 (32) | 97 (36) | 101 (38) | 104 (40) | 110 (43) | 111 (44) | 111 (44) | 108 (42) | 99 (37) | 88 (31) | 89 (32) | 111 (44) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 48 (9) | 55 (13) | 63 (17) | 72 (22) | 80 (27) | 88 (31) | 94 (34) | 93 (34) | 85 (29) | 74 (23) | 60 (16) | 50 (10) | 72 (22) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 22 (−6) | 27 (−3) | 35 (2) | 45 (7) | 56 (13) | 64 (18) | 68 (20) | 67 (19) | 60 (16) | 47 (8) | 34 (1) | 25 (−4) | 46 (8) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −13 (−25) | −6 (−21) | −9 (−23) | 19 (−7) | 29 (−2) | 42 (6) | 49 (9) | 45 (7) | 29 (−2) | 16 (−9) | 9 (−13) | −17 (−27) | −17 (−27) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 1.09 (28) | 1.53 (39) | 2.39 (61) | 2.52 (64) | 4.9 (120) | 4 (100) | 2.31 (59) | 2.74 (70) | 3.31 (84) | 3.27 (83) | 1.9 (48) | 1.67 (42) | 31.63 (798) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 2.2 (5.6) | 1.9 (4.8) | 1.3 (3.3) | 1 (2.5) | 0.3 (0.76) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.9 (2.3) | 2.2 (5.6) | 9.9 (25.11) |
| Source:[9] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 3,439 | — | |
| 1920 | 3,116 | −9.4% | |
| 1930 | 5,036 | 61.6% | |
| 1940 | 5,579 | 10.8% | |
| 1950 | 6,184 | 10.8% | |
| 1960 | 6,299 | 1.9% | |
| 1970 | 6,682 | 6.1% | |
| 1980 | 6,378 | −4.5% | |
| 1990 | 6,586 | 3.3% | |
| 2000 | 6,645 | 0.9% | |
| 2010 | 6,762 | 1.8% | |
| 2020 | 5,745 | −15.0% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[10][failed verification] 2010[11] 2020[4] | |||
As of thecensus of 2020, there were 5,745 people living in the city.[4] Thepopulation density was 948.5 people per square mile (366.2 people/km2). There were 2,800 housing units at an average density of 390.2 per square mile (150.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 36%White, 40.4%Native American, 6%African American, 1.1%Asian, 11.2% Hispanic or Latino, and 14.7% from two or more races.[12]
There were 2,371 households, out of which 36.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% weremarried couples living together, 20.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.6% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.32.[citation needed]
In the city, the population was spread out, with 32.6% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 18.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.3 males.[citation needed]
The median income for a household in the city was $24,035, and the median income for a family was $27,633. Males had a median income of $26,063 versus $17,666 for females. Theper capita income for the city was $12,062. About 23.3% of families and 28.5% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 38.8% of those under age 18 and 18.5% of those age 65 or over.[citation needed]
Anadarko, the self-titled "Indian Capital of the Nation." It is the capital of theWichita and Affiliated Tribes, theDelaware Nation and the Apache Tribe of Oklahoma. The city houses theNational Hall of Fame for Famous American Indians.
Anadarko is named after theNadaco, a Caddo band now affiliated with theCaddo Nation. In theCaddo language,Nadá-kuh means "bumblebee place".[13] The Caddo are a federally recognized Native American tribe for which Caddo County is named. Caddo County is part of the formerreservation of the Caddo, Wichita, andDelaware Nation, prior to allotment in the post-DawesAllotment Era.
Culturally, Anadarko is rare amongOklahoma cities asNative Americans form a near-majority. Locals are often familiar with a few basicIndian words, such ashaw-nay,Kiowa for "no."Wichita andApache words are sometimes employed in casual conversation as well, such ashangy,ah-ho,ebote, andbocote. Native Americanmotifs are commonly used for design, art, and other aspects of daily life.
Anadarko has aBureau of Indian Affairs office. The town is situated between the Wichita, Caddo, and Delaware reservations to the north, and the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache reservations to the south. These reservations were dismantled by the allotment of tribal lands to individual members, and the opening of the "excess" lands to settlement, in a series of land openings. The area surrounded by Anadarko was opened to settlement by a 1901 land lottery affecting the Kiowa, Comanche, Wichita and Caddo lands.
The Anadarko area is home toRiverside Indian School, aBureau of Indian Education boarding and day school for Native American students.
Anadarko Public Schools consists of three elementary schools, Sunset Elementary, East Elementary, and Mission Elementary; a middle school; and a high school.[14] There are approximately 1,950 students.[15]
Riverside Indian School is near Anadarko.
Municipalities and communities ofCaddo County, Oklahoma,United States | ||
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| Other communities | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties. | |
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