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Decree on the Amnesty in thePravda newspaper of 28 March 1953
TheAmnesty of 1953 (Russian:Амнистия 1953 года) was the largestamnesty in the history of theSoviet Union (and in thehistory of Russia) in terms of the number of the released persons. It was declared by the March 27, 1953Decree of theSupreme Soviet of the Soviet Union on the Amnesty.[1][2] Since it was signed byKliment Voroshilov, it was initially known as theVoroshilov's amnesty.[1] Later it has become known asBeria's amnesty, because it was initiated by March 26, 1953Lavrenty Beria's draft.[3] Between 1.2 million[4] and 1.35 million[5] persons were freed.
The amnesty was applied to:
all persons with imprisonment term up to 5 years
all persons convicted formalfeasance and economic crimes, as well as for some minor military crimes
all women with children of age up to 10 years, all pregnant women, all children of age up to 18 years
all men older than 55 and women older than 50
all persons with grave uncurable diseases
The amnesty was not applied to people with term over 5 years convicted forcounter-revolutionary crimes, majortheft of socialist property,banditism, andmurder. Other acts of the amnesty included the reduction of imprisonment terms, dismissing unfinished criminal proceedings which fit the above criteria, etc.[6]
The amnesty was followed with the considerable rise of criminal activities,[5] therefore it was partially rolled back and many criminal amnestees were imprisoned again.[7]
^Земсков В. Н. Заключенные, спецпоселенцы, ссыльнопоселенцы, ссыльные и высланные (Статистико-географический аспект) // История СССР. — 1991. — № 5. — С. 151—165.
^abЭли, Марк, Слух о бандитском разгуле в 1953–1954 гг. / М. Эли // Слухи в России XIX-XX веков. Неофициальная коммуникация и "крутые повороты" российской истории : сб. ст. / Юж. – Урал. гос. ун-т, Фак. права и финансов, Центр культ. – ист. исслед., Герман. ист. ин-т в Москве, Челяб. отд-ние Рос. о-ва интеллектуал. истории; [ред. кол. : И. В. Нарский и др.]. – Челябинск, 2011. – С. 146–167. –ISBN978-5-88771-087-7
