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Americhelydia

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Clade of turtles

Americhelydia Temporal range: Late Jurassic orEarly Cretaceous toHolocene149.5–0 Ma or 120–0 Ma^[1]^[2]^[3] PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Common musk turtle (Sternotherus odoratus), a species of the familyKinosternidae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Suborder:	Cryptodira
Clade:	Americhelydia Crawfordet al., 2014
Subclades
Chelydroidea Chelydridae Kinosternoidea Dermatemydidae Kinosternidae Panchelonioidea †Toxochelys †Protostegidae? †Ctenochelyidae Chelonioidea

Americhelydia is a clade of turtles that consists ofsea turtles,snapping turtles, theCentral American river turtle andmud turtles, supported by several lines of molecular work.^[4]^[5]^[6] Prior to these studies some morphological and developmental work have considered sea turtles to be basal members ofCryptodira and kinosternids related to thetrionychians in the clade Trionychoidea.^[7]^[8] Americhelydia and Testudinoidea, both clades within Durocryptodira (hardshell turtles), split a part during the early Cretaceous.^[9]^[10]

References

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^Joyce, W. G., Parham, J. F., Lyson, T. R., Warnock, R. C., & Donoghue, P. C. (2013). A divergence dating analysis of turtles using fossil calibrations: an example of best practices. Journal of Paleontology, 87(04), 612-634.
^"Protostegidae". The Paleobiology Database. Retrieved27 July 2013.
^Edwin A. Cadena and James F. Parham (2015)."Oldest known marine turtle? A new protostegid from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia".PaleoBios.32 (1):1–42.
^Chandler, C. H., & Janzen, F. J. (2009). The phylogenetic position of the snapping turtles (Chelydridae) based on nucleotide sequence data.Copeia, 2009(2), 209-213.
^Barley, A. J., Spinks, P. Q., Thomson, R. C., & Shaffer, H. B. (2010). Fourteen nuclear genes provide phylogenetic resolution for difficult nodes in the turtle tree of life.Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55(3), 1189-1194.
^Crawford, N. G., Parham, J. F., Sellas, A. B., Faircloth, B. C., Glenn, T. C., Papenfuss, T. J., ... & Simison, W. B. (2015). A phylogenomic analysis of turtles.Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 83, 250-257.
^Joyce, W. G. (2007). Phylogenetic relationships of Mesozoic turtles.Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 48(1), 3-102.
^Werneburg, I., & Sánchez-Villagra, M. R. (2009). Timing of organogenesis support basal position of turtles in the amniote tree of life.BMC Evolutionary Biology, 9(1), 82.
^Pereira, Anieli G.; Sterli, Juliana; Moreira, Filipe R.R.; Schrago, Carlos G. (August 2017)."Multilocus phylogeny and statistical biogeography clarify the evolutionary history of major lineages of turtles".Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.113:59–66.doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.05.008.hdl:11336/41137.ISSN 1055-7903.PMID 28501611.
^Joyce, Walter G.; Rabi, Márton; Clark, James M.; Xu, Xing (2016-10-28)."A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles".BMC Evolutionary Biology.16 (1): 236.doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0762-5.ISSN 1471-2148.PMC 5084352.PMID 27793089.

Testudines

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Reptilia
Clade:Diapsida
Order:Testudines

Genus

Chelonioidea
(Sea turtles)

Cheloniidae	†Allopleuron Caretta †Carolinochelys Chelonia †Eochelone Eretmochelys †Gigantatypus †Glarichelys †Itilochelys Lepidochelys †Mexichelys †Miocaretta Natator †Pacifichelys †Syllomus †Tasbacka
Dermochelyidae	†Arabemys †Corsochelys †Cosmochelys Dermochelys †Eosphargis †Mesodermochelys †Psephophorus
	†Euclastes †Peritresius †Procolpochelys †Protosphargis †Puppigerus

Kinosternoidea

Dermatemydidae	Dermatemys
Kinosternidae	Claudius †Hoplochelys Kinosternon Staurotypus Sternotherus

Testudinoidea

Emydidae	†Acherontemys Chrysemys Clemmys Deirochelys Emys Actinemys Emydoidea Glyptemys Graptemys Malaclemys Pseudemys Terrapene Trachemys †Wilburemys
Geoemydidae	Batagur †Banhxeochelys Cuora Cyclemys Geoclemys Geoemyda Hardella Heosemys Leucocephalon Malayemys Mauremys Melanochelys Morenia Notochelys Orlitia Pangshura Rhinoclemmys Sacalia Siebenrockiella Vijayachelys
Platysternidae	Platysternon
Testudinidae	Aldabrachelys Astrochelys Centrochelys Chelonoidis Chersina Cylindraspis †Cymatholcus †Floridemys Geochelone Gopherus †Hadrianus †Hesperotestudo Homopus Indotestudo Kinixys Malacochersus Manouria †Megalochelys †Oligopherus Psammobates Pyxis †Solitudo Stigmochelys †Stylemys Testudo

Trionychia

Carettochelyidae	†Allaeochelys †Anosteira Carettochelys
Trionychidae	Amyda Apalone †Axestemys Chitra Cyclanorbis Cycloderma †Drazinderetes Dogania †Gilmoremys †Hutchemys †Khunnuchelys Lissemys Nilssonia Palea †Palaeoamyda Pelochelys Pelodiscus Rafetus Trionyx
	†Basilochelys †Sinaspideretes

Chelydridae	Chelydra †Chelydrops †Chelydropsis †Emarginachelys †Macrocephalochelys Macrochelys †Planiplastron †Protochelydra
†Nanhsiungchelyidae	†Anomalochelys †Basilemys †Jiangxichelys
†Protostegidae	†Alienochelys †Archelon †Atlantochelys †Bouliachelys †Calcarichelys †Cratochelone †Desmatochelys †Iserosaurus †Notochelone †Ocepechelon †Pneumatoarthrus †Protostega †Rhinochelys †Santanachelys †Terlinguachelys
	†Adocus †Argillochelys †Bashuchelys †Ctenochelys †Prionochelys †Toxochelys

Pleurodira

†Araripemydidae	†Araripemys
†Bothremydidae	†Araiochelys †Arenila †Azabbaremys †Bothremys †Cearachelys †Chedighaii †Chupacabrachelys †Eotaphrosphys †Foxemys †Galianemys †Ilatardia †Inaechelys †Itapecuruemys †Jainemys †Kinkonychelys †Kurmademys †Labrostochelys †Nigeremys †Phosphatochelys †Polysternon †Puentemys †Rosasia †Rhothonemys †Sankuchemys †Taphrosphys †Ummulisani †Zolhafah
Chelidae	Acanthochelys Chelodina Chelus Elseya Elusor Emydura Hydromedusa †Lomalatachelys Mesoclemmys Myuchelys Phrynops Platemys †Prochelidella Pseudemydura Rheodytes Rhinemys †Yaminuechelys
Pelomedusidae	Pelomedusa Pelusios
Podocnemididae	†Albertwoodemys †Bauruemys †Brontochelys †Caninemys †Carbonemys †Cerrejonemys †Cordichelys Erymnochelys †Lapparentemys †Latentemys Peltocephalus Podocnemis †Stupendemys
†Sahonachelyidae	†Sahonachelys †Sokatra

	†Caribemys †Caririemys †Tacuarembemys

Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based onTurtles of the World 2017 Update: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. † = extinct.

See alsoList of Testudines families

Taxon identifiers
Americhelydia	Wikidata:Q28431972 NCBI:1579336

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