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Amarna letter EA 365

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Amarna letter EA 365
(TitledFurnishingCorvée Workers)
Reverse, Upper & Lower views
MaterialClay
SizeHeight: 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Width: 6.0 cm (2.4 in)
Writingcuneiform
(Akkadian language)
Created~1360-1335 BC (Amarna Period)
Period/cultureMiddleBabylonian
PlaceAkhetaten
& Megiddo
Present locationLouvre
(Antiquités orientales
AO 7098)
Wikimedia Commons has media related toEA 365, reverse.

Amarna letter EA 365, titledFurnishingCorvée Workers,[1] is a squarish, mostly flatclay tablet, but thick enough (pillow-shaped), to contain text that continues toward the right margin, the right side of the obverse side, and also to the right side of the reverse side of the tablet.

The text is continuous, such that a final line (line 31) is needed, and is written on a final available edge of the tablet – thus text is found upon 5 sections —Obverse, Bottom Edge, Reverse, Top Edge, andSide.

Letter EA 365 is authored byBiridiya ofMegiddo and is written to the Pharaoh of Egypt (in the 14th century BC, Egypt referred to as Mizri/Miṣri). The letter's subject is the harvesting of crops bycorvée (forced) labor men/women.

TheAmarna letters, about 300, numbered up to EA 382, are mid 14th century BC, about1360 BC and 35? years later,correspondence. The initial corpus of letters were found atAkhenaten's cityAkhetaten, in the floor of theBureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh; others were later found, adding to the body of letters.


Text of EA 365, reverse

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Reverse, top half

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(Start of Reverse)
Reverse
Top Half

The followingEnglish language text, andAkkadian is fromRainey, 1970,El Amarna Tablets, 359-379:[2]

(Line 15)--But-(=and) see! (But Look!, the major topicsegue)
(16)--The city rulers
(17)--who are with me
(18)--are not doing
(19)--as I. They are not
(20)--cultivating
(21)--in Šunama ("(city)-Šunama-(yours)")
(22)--and they are not furnishing
(23)--corvée workers; and
(end photo top half)
(24)--as for me,(gl (AL) (:"))..i.e. (all by myself),
(25)--I am furnishing corvée workers.
(26)--From Yapû ("(city)-Yapu-(yours)")
(27)--they have come, from th[em]
(28)--(as well as) from here, and fro[m]
(29)--Nuribta
(Side-Lines 30-31)--And may the King, my Lord, be apprised concerning his city.

Reverse, top half, Akkadian:

(Bottom half of Reverse)
Reverse
Bottom Half
(15)--u-(Note:-slightly visible)a-mur-me
(16)--.MEŠ-(meš--note:biotic plant material in clay)-ha-za-na-tu-meš
(17)--ša it-ti-ia
(18)--la-a- ti-pu-šu-na
(19)--ki-(damaged/+ on tablet edge)-maia-ti-ia
(20)--te-er-ri-šu-na
(21)--i-naURU-Šu-Na-Ma-ki
(22)--ula-atu-ub-ba-lu-na
(23)--.MEŠ-ma-as-sà-mešÙ
(end photo top half)
(24)--a-na-ku-magl (AL) (:")ya-hu-du-un-ni
(25)--ub-ba-lu.MEŠ-ma-as-sà-meš
(26)---tuURU-iYa-Pu-ki
(27)--(yi(=pi)), yi-la-ku-tušu-nu
(28)--an-ni-ki-ma iš-t[u ]
(29)--[URU ]Nu-Ri-iB--ki
(30)--[u ]li-di-mi
(Side ofclay tablet)
(31)--LUGAL-EN-ia a-naURU-ki-("city-yours")/ šu-("-His")

Reverse, bottom half, and Moran translation (lines 15-31)

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EA 365, Reverse, (bottom half).
(high resolution expandible photo)

Moran's non-linear letterEnglish language translation (translated from theFrench language):[3]

(Lines 1-7)--"Say [to the ki]ng, my lord and my [Su]n: Message ofBiridiya, the loyal servant of the king. I fall at the feet of the king, my lord and my Sun, 7 times and 7 times.
(8-14)--May the king, my lord, take cognizance of his servant and his city. In fact only I am cultivating: (gl (AL)}ah-ri-šuin Šunama, and only I am furnishing corvée workers.

EA 365, Reverse:

(15-23)--But consider the mayors that are near me. They do not act as I do. They do not cultivate in Šunama ("City-ŠuNaMa-(His)") and they do furnishcorvée workers.
(24-31)--Only I: (gl (AL)}ia8-hu-du-un-ni (by myself)furnish corvée workers. From (City) Yapu they come, from[my] resourceshere, (and) from (City)-Nuribta-(Nu-Ri-iB-Ta). And may the king, my lord, take cognizance of his city. --(complete EA 365, with minorlacunae, lines 1-31)

Gallery

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Full EA 365, Reverse

See also

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External links

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Specific EA 365 translations

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Photo of Obverse

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References

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  1. ^Moran, William L. 1987, 1992.The Amarna Letters. EA 252,FurnishingCorvée Workers, p. 363.
  2. ^Rainey, 1970,El Amarna Tablets, 359-379, (AOAT 8,Alter Orient Altes Testament 8, EA 365, pp. 24-27.
  3. ^Moran, William L. 1987, 1992,The Amarna Letters, letter EA 365,Furnishing Corvée Workers, p. 363
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