Altus, Oklahoma | |
|---|---|
 Jackson County Courthouse in Altus | |
| Motto: "City with a future to share"[1] | |
  Altus Location within Oklahoma Show map of Oklahoma Altus Location within the United States Show map of the United States | |
| Coordinates:34°39′23″N99°18′22″W / 34.65639°N 99.30611°W /34.65639; -99.30611 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Oklahoma |
| County | Jackson |
| Government | |
| • Type | Council-Manager |
| • Mayor | Robert Garrison |
| • City Manager | Gary Jones |
| Area | |
• Total | 18.41 sq mi (47.69 km2) |
| • Land | 18.21 sq mi (47.17 km2) |
| • Water | 0.20 sq mi (0.52 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,365 ft (416 m) |
| Population (2023) | |
• Total | 18,635 |
| • Density | 1,028.3/sq mi (397.03/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 73521-73523 |
| Area code | 580 |
| FIPS code | 40-01700[4] |
| GNIS feature ID | 2409689[3] |
| Website | www |
Altus (/ˈæltəs/) is a city in and thecounty seat ofJackson County,Oklahoma, United States.[5] The population was 18,729 at the2020 census.[6]
Altus is home toAltus Air Force Base, theUnited States Air Force training base forC-17,KC-46 andKC-135 aircrews. It is also home toWestern Oklahoma State College andSouthwest Technology Center.
The town that would later be named Altus was founded in 1886.[7] The community was originally called "Frazer", a settlement of about 50 people on Bitter Creek that served as a trading post on theGreat Western Cattle Trail. Cowboys driving herds northward often stopped to buybuttermilk from John McClearan. Thus, the town was known locally as "Buttermilk Station". The Frazer post office opened February 18, 1886. Aflash flood nearly destroyed Frazer on June 4, 1891. The residents moved to higher ground 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of the original site. W. R. Baucum suggested renaming the town "Altus", a Latin word meaning "high". This name stuck, although the town was also known as "Leger" from July 10, 1901, to May 14, 1904.[8]
The population doubled between the time of Oklahoma statehood and the 1910 census and even increased during theGreat Depression.[9] Although Altus had been designated as the Jackson county seat at the time of statehood, an election was held in 1908 to determine the permanent seat. The two towns contending were Altus andOlustee. Altus won by a vote of 2,077 to 1,365. The county courthouse was built there in 1910.[8] An irrigation project in the 1940s and World War II led to further growth in the town as the nearby airfield was used to train military pilots.[9]
In 1908, theKansas City, Mexico and Orient Railway (acquired by theAtchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway in 1929) built a line through Altus. Around the same time, the Altus, Wichita Falls and Hollis Railway (which became theWichita Falls and Northwestern Railway in 1911, then was acquired by theMissouri, Kansas and Texas Railway in 1922) constructed a line from Altus to the Oklahoma-Texas border. The railroads stimulated economic growth in the area and made Altus a regional agricultural center. By 1930, Altus had eight cotton gins, two cotton compresses, and eighteen wholesale businesses.[8]
Altus is located in northeastern Jackson County. It is situated in what used to be Old Greer County, an area with disputed ownership until aSupreme Court decision awarded it toOklahoma Territory instead ofTexas.[9] The city lies between the main channel andNorth Fork of theRed River.[9]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city of Altus has a total area of 18.6 square miles (48.1 km2), of which 18.4 square miles (47.6 km2) are land and 0.2 square miles (0.5 km2), or 1.08%, are water.[10]
Altus has ahumid subtropical climate (KöppenCfa) bordering upon asemi-arid climate (BSk). Summers are very hot to sweltering, though occasionally heavy rainfall does occur due to remains of Gulf of Mexico hurricanes moving inland. A record high of 120 °F or 48.9 °C was recorded twice in 1936.[11]
Autumn is brief, with generally very warm afternoons and comfortably cool mornings, while winter is extremely variable.Chinook winds can sometimes raise temperatures to uncomfortably hot even in the low winter sun, in the process often drying out vegetation to producewildfires. On the other hand, if ablock forms over theGulf of Alaska very cold air can be driven into the Plains States from Canada, producing temperatures below 0 °F or −17.8 °C in extreme cases. Such cold temperatures on average occur once every three winters, although on average 78.5 mornings each year fall to or below the freezing point. Snowfall is rare and erratic: the most in a months being 16.1 inches (0.41 m) in January 1966, while most rainfall comes during the unsettled spring season, when heavythunderstorms can occur from the convergence of hot and cold air masses to produce very intense short-period rainfall. The wettest month has been May 1980 with 13.34 inches (338.8 mm), whilst zero precipitation has on occasion been recorded in every month except May and June, and the wettest 24 hour period on October 20, 1983, with 7.10 inches (180.3 mm). The wettest calendar year has been 1941 with 49.30 inches (1,252.2 mm) and the driest 1970 with 10.42 inches (264.7 mm).
| Climate data for Altus, Oklahoma (elevation 1,380 feet or 420 metres) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 88 (31) | 98 (37) | 103 (39) | 105 (41) | 112 (44) | 116 (47) | 120 (49) | 120 (49) | 109 (43) | 104 (40) | 92 (33) | 88 (31) | 120 (49) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 53.1 (11.7) | 58.3 (14.6) | 67.4 (19.7) | 76.6 (24.8) | 84.3 (29.1) | 92.8 (33.8) | 97.5 (36.4) | 96.6 (35.9) | 88.4 (31.3) | 77.8 (25.4) | 65.0 (18.3) | 54.4 (12.4) | 76.0 (24.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 26.8 (−2.9) | 30.8 (−0.7) | 38.1 (3.4) | 47.8 (8.8) | 57.8 (14.3) | 66.8 (19.3) | 70.7 (21.5) | 69.4 (20.8) | 62.0 (16.7) | 50.4 (10.2) | 38.2 (3.4) | 29.4 (−1.4) | 49.0 (9.4) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −11 (−24) | −7 (−22) | 6 (−14) | 22 (−6) | 34 (1) | 44 (7) | 55 (13) | 49 (9) | 28 (−2) | 17 (−8) | 12 (−11) | −10 (−23) | −11 (−24) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 0.93 (24) | 1.01 (26) | 1.55 (39) | 2.36 (60) | 3.96 (101) | 3.55 (90) | 2.05 (52) | 2.46 (62) | 2.70 (69) | 2.84 (72) | 1.19 (30) | 1.16 (29) | 25.76 (654) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 1.8 (4.6) | 1.3 (3.3) | 0.7 (1.8) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.3 (0.76) | 0.8 (2.0) | 4.9 (12) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 inch) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 64 |
| Source: The Western Regional Climate Center[12] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 4,821 | — | |
| 1920 | 4,522 | −6.2% | |
| 1930 | 8,439 | 86.6% | |
| 1940 | 8,593 | 1.8% | |
| 1950 | 9,735 | 13.3% | |
| 1960 | 21,225 | 118.0% | |
| 1970 | 23,302 | 9.8% | |
| 1980 | 23,101 | −0.9% | |
| 1990 | 21,910 | −5.2% | |
| 2000 | 21,447 | −2.1% | |
| 2010 | 19,813 | −7.6% | |
| 2020 | 18,729 | −5.5% | |
| Sources:[4][13][14][15][16][17] | |||
As of thecensus of 2010, there were 19,813 people living in the city.[10] The population density was 1,200 inhabitants per square mile (460/km2). There were 8,890 housing units at an average density of 540 units per square mile (210 units/km2).[10] The racial makeup of the city was 72.62%White, 10.41%African American, 1.48%Native American, 1.38%Asian, 0.20%Pacific Islander, 10.32% fromother races, and 3.59% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 17.25% of the population.
There were 7,896 households, out of which 38.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.6% weremarried couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.7% were non-families. 25.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.14.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.8% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 17.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $30,217, and the median income for a family was $38,400. Males had a median income of $28,041 versus $18,856 for females. Theper capita income for the city was $15,378. About 14.6% of families and 17.2% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 22.7% of those under age 18 and 12.8% of those age 65 or over.
U.S. Routes62 and283 cross in the center of Altus. US 62 leads east 73 miles (117 km) toLawton, and west 66 miles (106 km) toChildress, Texas, while US 283 leads north 23 miles (37 km) toMangum, and south 34 miles (55 km) toVernon, Texas.
Altus/Quartz Mountain Regional Airport (KAXS; FAA ID: AXS), 3 miles to the north, has a 5501’ x 75’ paved runway.[18]
Commercial air transportation is available at theLawton-Fort Sill Regional Airport, about 57 miles to the east.[19]
TheWichita, Tillman and Jackson Railway provides rail freight service.[20]
The public schools of Altus are in Oklahoma School District number 18. In the Altus Public School District there are nine schools, including five elementary schools, an intermediate school, a junior high school, a high school, and a learning center. For the 2011–2012 school year there were approximately 3,851 students.[21]
Western Oklahoma State College andSouthwest Technology Center provide opportunities for higher education in the area.[8]
Municipalities and communities ofJackson County, Oklahoma,United States | ||
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| City |  | |
| Towns | ||
| Unincorporated communities | ||
| Ghost towns | ||
| International | |
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| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Other | |
