All-Pakistan Awami League | |
|---|---|
| Urdu name | آل پاکستان عوامی لیگ |
| Bengali name | নিখিল পাকিস্তান আওয়ামী লীগ |
| Abbreviation | AL |
| Founder | Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy |
| Founded | February 1950; 76 years ago (1950-02) |
| Dissolved | 26 March 1971 (54 years, 326 days) (banned) 6 July 1971 (54 years, 224 days) (ended) |
| Merger of | EPAML JAML JML |
| Preceded by | Jinnah Awami Muslim League |
| Succeeded by | NAP (1957) PDP (1967) NPL (1968) AL (1971) |
| Headquarters | Haroon Abdullah Road,Karachi,Sindh |
| Newspaper | Ittefaq |
| Student wing | Pakistan Students' League |
| Ideology | Left-wing nationalism Democratic socialism Secularism |
| Political position | Left-wing |
| National affiliation | COP (1965) |
| Colors | Green |
| Election symbol | |
 Boat | |
| Party flag | |
.svg) | |
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TheAll-Pakistan Awami League (before 1955 theAll-Pakistan Awami Muslim League), or simplyAwami League, was a Pakistani political party founded byHuseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy in February 1950.Pir of Manki Sharif and Khan Ghulam Mohammad Khan from theNorth-West Frontier Province (NWFP) joined it soon afterwards.[1]
After 1947, theindependence of Pakistan,Amin ul-Hasanat, formerMuslim League politician inNorth-West Frontier Province, established Jinnah Awami Muslim League. He got this idea fromHuseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, who advised him this name.[2] In 1949, Suhrawardy advisedShawkat Ali to leave Muslim League and form another political party. Later, Ali discussed withAbdul Hamid Khan Bhasani, another League politician, to form new party.[3] ThenEast Pakistan Awami Muslim League was founded byAbdul Hamid Khan Bhashani on 23 June 1949.[4]
In 1949, Suhrawardy left Muslim League saying that the party became the party of elites and the party distanced itself from people.[5] In the same year,Iftikhar Mamdot was dismissed from the premiership ofPunjab and formed a party calledJinnah Muslim League.[5] In 1950, Suhrawardy established All-Pakistan Awami Muslim League in Western Pakistan.[2] The new parties decided to form an alliance named Jinnah Awami Muslim League prior to the provincial elections in 1951.[6] It was also established inSindh.[2]
Subsequently, the member parties merged in 1952[2] and used the nameAll-Pakistan Awami Muslim League.[7][8] In 1958, the party was banned with all other parties when military rule was started. In 1962, the legal permission was given to revive political parties, but its founder and leader Suhrawardy was arrested and released later. He didn’t want to revive his party, instead he establishedNational Democratic Front. In 1963, Suhrawardy died and on 11 January 1964, politicians of the party's western wing met and revived the West Pakistan Awami League, the western branch of the All-Pakistan Awami League. On 25 January 1964, the party was fully revived with the reformation of its eastern wing named East Pakistan Awami League.[9]
In 1965, the party joinedCombined Opposition Parties and supportedFatima Jinnah as a candidate for1965 Pakistani presidential election. In 1966, the party proposedSix point resolution, calling for greater economy forEast Pakistan.[10] In 1967, the party was split into two faction. The supporters of thePakistan Democratic Movement formed a faction underNawabzada Nasrullah Khan. The other faction, led bySheikh Mujibur Rahman, was supporter of the Six point resolution. The second faction decided to reform the party without the opposite faction.[11]
In 1968, the party suffered devastatingly as its many important leaders were in jail forAgartala Conspiracy Case. From its revival to thefall of Ayub government, the party's council hasn’t' met. The Anti-Ayub uprising gave the party overwhelming popularity in East Pakistan.[10] In 1969, Nasrullah's faction merged inPakistan Democratic Party and the Mujib's faction became the only Awami League.[12]
AfterOperation Searchlight, in a radio address on the evening of March 26,Yahya Khan, the then president of Pakistan, declared the Awami League treasonous and banned the party. In addition to this, the government seized the bank accounts of the Awami League.[13] On 6 July 1971, during theBangladesh Liberation War, the party was dissolved atSiliguri Conference and the provincial branch in East Pakistan succeeded asBangladesh Awami League.[14]
| Name | Assumed office | Left office | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy | 1950 | 1958 | |
| Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan | 1964 | 1967 | [15] |
| Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | 1968 | 1971 | [16] |
| Name | Assumed office | Left office | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi | 1950 | ? | |
| Mahmudul Haq Usmani | ? | 1956 | |
| Sheikh Zahiruddin | ? | 1967 | |
| Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman | 1968 | 1971 | [17] |
 Prime Minister of Pakistan | |||
| Name | Term in office | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy | 1956–1957 | ||
 Chief Minister of East Pakistan | |||
| Name | Term in office | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Ataur Rahman Khan | 1956–1958 | ||
Pakistan National Assembly elections
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1955 | Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy | 16.67% | 12 / 72 | New | 3rd | Opposition | |
| 1970 | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | 12,937,162 | 39.2% | 160 / 300 |  148 | 1st | Banned |
East Pakistan Provincial Assembly elections
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | 143 / 237 | New | 1st | Coalition | |||
| 1970 | 12,937,162 | 73.2% | 288 / 300 | 145 |  1st | Banned |
North-West Frontier Province Provincial Assembly elections
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1951 | 4 / 85 | New | 2nd | Opposition |
Punjab Provincial Assembly elections
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1951 | 32 / 192 | New | 2nd | Opposition |
