Albert Taylor Bledsoe | |
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| Born | (1809-11-09)November 9, 1809 |
| Died | December 8, 1877(1877-12-08) (aged 68) Alexandria, Virginia (another source saysBaltimore, Maryland) |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | United States Military Academy Kenyon College, Ohio |
| Occupation(s) | educator, attorney, author, and clergyman |
| Political party | Whig Party (United States) |
| Spouse | Harriet Coxe (married in 1836) |
| Children | 7, includingSophia Bledsoe Herrick |
| Parent(s) | Moses Owsley Bledsoe and Sophia Childress Taylor |
| Relatives | Margaret Coxe (sister-in-law) Sophie Bledsoe Aberle (great-granddaughter) |
Albert Taylor Bledsoe (November 9, 1809 – December 8, 1877) was an American Episcopal priest, attorney, professor of mathematics, and officer in the Confederate army and was best known as a staunch defender of slavery and, after the South lost theAmerican Civil War, an architect of theLost Cause.[1][2] He was the author ofLiberty and Slavery (1856), "the most extensive philosophical treatment of slavery ever produced by a Southern academic", which defended slavery laws as ensuring proper societal order.[3]
Bledsoe was born on November 9, 1809, in Frankfort, Kentucky, the oldest of five children ofMoses Owsley Bledsoe and Sophia Childress Taylor (who was a relative of PresidentZachary Taylor).[4] He was a cadet at theUnited States Military Academy at West Point from 1825 to 1830, where he was a fellow cadet ofJefferson Davis andRobert E. Lee.[4][5] After serving two years in the United States Army, he studied law and theology atKenyon College inGambier, Ohio, and received his M.A. and LL.M. In 1836. he married Harriet Coxe ofBurlington, New Jersey, and they had seven children, four of whom survived childhood.
His daughter was the authorSophia Bledsoe Herrick.[6]
Bledsoe in his lectures at the University of Virginia would frequently "interlard his demonstration of some difficult problem in differential or integral calculus—for example, the lemniscata of Bernouilli [sic]—with some vigorous remarks in the doctrine ofStates' rights".[4] His bookThe Philosophy of Mathematics was one of the earliest American works on mathematics and includes chapters onDescartes,Leibnitz, andNewton. Bledsoe is perhaps best remembered for his treatise An Essay on Liberty and Slavery,[7] which presented an extended proslavery argument. Bledsoe argued that the natural state of humans was in society, not in nature, and that humans in society needed to have restraints on their actions. That is, he argued that liberty was greatest when humans were allowed to exercise only the amount of freedom they were naturally suited to. Some had to be restrained; others were entitled to freedom.
In 1835, Bledsoe became an Episcopal minister and became an assistant to Bishop Smith of Kentucky. He abandoned his clerical career in 1838 because of his opposition to infant baptism. Later in life, he was ordained a Methodist minister in 1871, but he never took charge of a church.[8] He was a strenuous advocate of the doctrine of free will and his views are set forth in his bookExamination of Edwards on the Will (1845).
In 1838, Bledsoe moved to Springfield, Illinois, where he was a law partner ofEdward D. Baker, and where he practiced law in the same courts asAbraham Lincoln andStephen Douglas.[9] He practiced before the United States Supreme Court in Washington DC from 1840 to 1848.[8]
In 1861, Bledsoe received a commission as a colonel in the Confederate army, and later became Acting Assistant Secretary of War.[8] In 1863 he was sent to London for the purpose of researching various historical problems relating to the north–south conflict, as well as guiding British public opinion in favor of the Confederate cause.
In 1868 he moved back to the United States and published theSouthern Review.[10] He was the "epitome of an unreconstructed Southerner" and published articles defendingslavery andsecession.[5]
Bledsoe died on December 8, 1877, in Alexandria, Virginia.
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