Movatterモバイル変換

Jump to content

Alauda

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Genus of birds

"Skylark" redirects here. For other uses, seeSkylark (disambiguation).

For the asteroid (702) Alauda, see702 Alauda. For the Roman Legion, seeLegio V Alaudae.

Alauda

Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis) Song of Eurasian skylark
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Alaudidae
Genus:	Alauda Linnaeus,1758
Type species
Alauda arvensis Linnaeus, 1758
Species
see text

Alauda is agenus oflarks found across much of Europe, Asia and in the mountains of north Africa, and one of the species (theRaso lark)endemic to the islet ofRaso in theCape Verde Islands.^[1] Further, at least two additional species are known from the fossil record. The current genus name is from Latinalauda, "lark".Pliny the Elder thought the word was originally of Celtic origin.^[2]

Taxonomy and systematics

The genusAlauda was introduced by the Swedish naturalistCarl Linnaeus in 1758 in thetenth edition of hisSystema Naturae.^[3] Thetype species was subsequently designated as theEurasian skylark.^[4]

The genusAlauda has four extant and at least two extinct species. Formerly, many other species have also been considered to belong to the genus.

Extant species

The genus contains four species:^[1]

Image	Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
	Alauda leucoptera	White-winged lark	southern Ukraine through Kazakhstan to south-central Russia
	Alauda razae	Raso lark	Raso islet in the Cape Verde Islands
	Alauda gulgula	Oriental skylark	southern, central and eastern Asia
	Alauda arvensis	Eurasian skylark	across Europe and Asia

Extinct species

†Alauda xerarvensis (late Pliocene ofVarshets, Bulgaria)^[5]
†Alauda tivadari (late Miocene of Polgardi, Hungary)^[6]

Former species

Previously, some authorities also classified the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genusAlauda:

Greater hoopoe-lark (desertorum) (asAlauda desertorum)^[7]
Gray's lark (asAlauda grayi)^[8]
Short-clawed lark (asAlauda chuana)^[9]
Cape long-billed lark (asAlauda curvirostris)^[10]
Dusky lark (asAlauda nigricans)^[11]
Rufous-rumped lark (asAlauda erythropygia)^[12]
Desert lark (asAlauda deserti)^[13]
Middle East desert lark (asAlauda isabellina)^[14]
Bar-tailed lark (arenicolor) (asAlauda arenicolor)^[15]
Senegal chestnut-backed finch-lark (asAlauda melanocephala)^[16]
Ashy-crowned sparrow-lark (asAlauda grisea)^[17]
Congo Sabota lark (asAlauda plebeja)^[18]
Bradfield's lark (asAlauda naevia)^[19]
Pink-breasted lark (asAlauda poecilosterna)^[20]
Karoo lark (asAlauda albescens)^[21]
Karoo lark (codea) (asAlauda codea)^[22]
Karoo lark (guttata) (asAlauda guttata)^[23]
Dune lark (asAlauda erythrochlamys)^[24]
Eastern clapper lark (asAlauda fasciolata)^[25]
Cape clapper lark (asAlauda apiata)^[26]
Woodlark (asAlauda arborea)^[27]
Botha's lark (asAlauda fringillaris)^[28]
Pink-billed lark (asAlauda conirostris)^[29]
Sykes's lark (asAlauda Deva)^[30]
Large-billed lark (asA. magnirostris)^[31]
Crested lark (asAlauda cristata)^[32]
Senegal crested lark (asAlauda senegallensis)^[33]
Crested lark (leautungensis) (asAlauda leautungensis)^[34]
Indian crested lark (asAlauda Chendoola)^[35]
Malabar lark (asAlauda malabarica)^[36]
Horned lark (asAlauda alpestris)^[37]
Mexican horned lark (asAlauda chrysolaema)^[38]
Shore lark (asAlauda flava)^[39]
Southern horned lark (asAlauda Penicillata)^[40]
Temminck's lark (asAlauda bilopha)^[41]
Mongolian short-toed lark (asAlauda Dukhunensis)^[42]
Red-capped lark (asAlauda cinerea)^[43]
Red-capped lark (spleniata) (asAlauda spleniata)^[44]
Greater short-toed lark (asAlauda brachydactila)^[45]
Steppe greater short-toed lark (asAlauda longipennis)^[46]
Bimaculated lark (asAlauda bimaculata)^[47]
Calandra lark (asAlauda calandra)^[48]
Black lark (asAlauda yeltoniensis)^[49]
Mongolian lark (asAlauda mongolica)^[50]
Dupont's lark (asAlauda Duponti)^[51]
Mediterranean short-toed lark (asAlauda rufescens)^[52]
Sand lark (asAlauda raytal)^[53]

References

^^a ^bGill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018)."Nicators, reedling, larks".World Bird List Version 8.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved15 July 2018.
^Jobling, James A (2010).The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 37.ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^Linnaeus, Carl (1758).Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae:Laurentii Salvii. p. 165.
^Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr, eds. (1960).Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 9. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 65.
^Boev, Z. 2012. Neogene Larks (Aves: Alaudidae (Vigors, 1825)) from Bulgaria - Acta zoologica bulgarica, 64 (3), 2012: 295-318.
^Kessler, E. 2013. Neogene songbirds (Aves, Passeriformes) from Hungary. – Hantkeniana, Budapest, 2013, 8: 37-149.
^"Alaemon alaudipes desertorum - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-21.
^"Ammomanopsis grayi - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-21.
^"Certhilauda chuana - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-17.
^"Certhilauda curvirostris - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-18.
^"Pinarocorys nigricans - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-17.
^"Pinarocorys erythropygia - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-11.
^"Ammomanes deserti - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-18.
^"Ammomanes deserti isabellina - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-16.
^"Ammomanes cinctura arenicolor - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-17.
^"Eremopterix leucotis melanocephalus - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-17.
^"Eremopterix griseus - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-18.
^"Calendulauda sabota plebeja - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-17.
^"Calendulauda naevia - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-17.
^"Calendulauda poecilosterna - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-17.
^"Calendulauda albescens - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-18.
^"Calendulauda albescens codea - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-16.
^"Calendulauda albescens guttata - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-16.
^"Calendulauda erythrochlamys - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-19.
^"Mirafra fasciolata - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-22.
^"Mirafra apiata - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-17.
^"Lullula arborea - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-11-30.
^"Spizocorys fringillaris - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-04.
^"Spizocorys conirostris - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-04.
^"Galerida deva - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-18.
^"Galerida magnirostris - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-07.
^"Galerida cristata - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-08.
^"Galerida cristata senegallensis - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-16.
^"Galerida cristata leautungensis - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-16.
^"Galerida cristata chendoola - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-18.
^"Galerida malabarica - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-08.
^"Eremophila alpestris - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-18.
^"Eremophila alpestris chrysolaema - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-18.
^"Eremophila alpestris flava - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-18.
^"Eremophila alpestris penicillata - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-18.
^"Eremophila bilopha - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-11.
^"Calandrella dukhunensis - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-12.
^"Calandrella cinerea - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-12.
^"Calandrella cinerea spleniata - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-16.
^"Calandrella brachydactyla - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-13.
^"Calandrella brachydactyla longipennis - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-17.
^"Melanocorypha bimaculata - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-17.
^"Melanocorypha calandra - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-15.
^"Melanocorypha yeltoniensis - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-15.
^"Melanocorypha mongolica - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-15.
^"Chersophilus duponti - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-16.
^"Alaudala rufescens - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-20.
^"Alaudala raytal - Avibase".avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved2016-12-20.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related toAlauda.

v
t
e

Genera ofpasserides and their extinct allies

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Suborder:Passeri
Infraorder:Passerida

Chaetopidae?	Chaetops
Chloropseidae?	Chloropsis
Hyliotidae?	Hyliota
Irenidae	Irena
Paridae	Baeolophus Cyanistes Cephalopyrus Lophophanes Machlolophus Melaniparus Melanochlora Pardaliparus Parus Periparus Poecile Pseudopodoces Sittiparus Sylviparus
Picathartidae?	Picathartes
Promeropidae?	Promerops
Remizidae	Anthoscopus Auriparus Remiz
Stenostiridae	Chelidorhynx Culicicapa Elminia Stenostira
Muscicapida	See below ↓
Sylvioidea	See below ↓
Passeroidea	SeePasseroidea

Corthylio
Regulus

Bombycillidae	Bombycilla
Dulidae	Dulus
Hylocitreidae	Hylocitrea
Hypocoliidae	Hypocolius
†Mohoidae	Chaetoptila Moho
Ptiliogonatidae	Phainopepla Phainoptila Ptiliogonys

incertae sedis	†Certhiops †Kischinskinia
Certhiidae	Certhia Salpornis
Polioptilidae	Microbates Polioptila Ramphocaenus
Sittidae	Sitta
Tichodromidae	Tichodroma
Troglodytidae	Campylorhynchus Cantorchilus Catherpes Cinnycerthia Cistothorus Cyphorhinus Ferminia Henicorhina Hylorchilus Microcerculus Odontorchilus Pheugopedius Salpinctes Thryomanes Thryophilus Thryorchilus Thryothorus Troglodytes Uropsila

Buphagus

Cinclus

Elachura

Copsychini	Alethe Cercotrichas Copsychus
Muscicapini	Agricola Bradornis Empidornis Fraseria Humblotia Melaenornis Muscicapa Namibornis Sigelus

†Meridiocichla Pinarornis
Myadestinae	Grandala Myadestes Neocossyphus Sialia Stizorhina
Turdinae	Catharus Chlamydochaera Cichlopsis Cochoa Entomodestes Geokichla Hylocichla Ridgwayia Ixoreus Turdus Zoothera

Alaudinae	Alauda Alaudala Calandrella Chersophilus Eremalauda Eremophila Galerida Lullula Melanocorypha Spizocorys
Certhilaudinae	Alaemon Ammomanes Ammomanopsis Certhilauda Chersomanes Eremopterix Pinarocorys Ramphocoris
Mirafrinae	Calendulauda Heteromirafra Mirafra

Alcippe

Donacobius

Erythrocercidae

Erythrocercus

Hylia
Pholidornis

Nicator

Panurus

Paradoxornithidae

Phylloscopus

Pnoepyga

Scotocerca

Curruca
Sylvia

Taxon identifiers

Alauda

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alauda&oldid=1277701295"

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp