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Alaskan Athabaskans

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Athabaskan-speaking Alaska Native group
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Ethnic group
Alaskan Athabascans
FormerGwichʼin grand chiefClarence Alexander in 2004
Total population
6,400[1]
Regions with significant populations
Alaska
Languages
Northern Athabaskan languages,American English (Alaskan variant),Russian (historically)
Religion
Shamanism (largely ex),Christianity

TheAlaskan Athabascans,[2][3][4][5][6][7]Alaskan Athapascans[8] orDena[9] (Russian:атабаски Аляски, атапаски Аляски)[10] areAlaska Native peoples of theAthabaskan-speaking ethnolinguistic group. They are considered the descendants of the original inhabitants of theinterior of Alaska.[11]

Formerly they identified as a people by the wordTinneh (nowadaysDena; cf.Dene for Canadian Athabaskans). Taken from their own language, it means simply "men" or "people".[12]

Subgroups

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In Alaska, where they are the oldest, there are eleven groups identified by the languages they speak. These are:

Life and culture

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See also:Shamanism among Alaska Natives

The Alaskan Athabascan culture is an inland creek and river fishing (also coastal fishing by only Dena'ina ofCook Inlet) andhunter-gatherer culture. The Alaskan Athabascans have amatrilineal system in which children belong to the mother's clan, with the exception of theYupikized Athabaskans (Holikachuk and Deg Hit'an).[13]

The Athabascan people holdpotlatches which have religious, social and economic significance.[8]

Dogs were their only domesticated animal, but were and are an integral element in their culture for the Athabascan population in North America.[14]

History

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Athabascans are descended from Asian hunter-gatherers, likely originally native toMongolia, who crossed theBering Strait and settled in North America.[15]

Notable Alaskan Athabascans

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Two men standing, one with a rifle
1847 illustration of Gwich'in hunters

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Athabascans of Interior Alaska".www.ankn.uaf.edu.
  2. ^"Athabascans of Interior Alaska".www.ankn.uaf.edu.
  3. ^"Appendix E: Race Code List"(PDF).
  4. ^"South Dakota Department of Education, Race/Ethnicity Guidance, Race Identification"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on June 23, 2013. RetrievedMarch 14, 2014.
  5. ^"athabascan".www.aa.tufs.ac.jp. Archived fromthe original on January 2, 2013. RetrievedMarch 14, 2014.
  6. ^"Alaska's Heritage: Alaskan Athabascans". Archived fromthe original on February 22, 2014. RetrievedMarch 14, 2014.
  7. ^Susan W. Fair (2006).Alaska Native Art: Tradition, Innovation, Continuity
  8. ^abWilliam Simeone,A History of Alaskan Athapaskans, 1982, Alaska Historical Commission
  9. ^"------------- Dena Languages -----------".anlorg.
  10. ^Дзенискевич Г. И. Атапаски Аляски. — Л.: «Наука», Ленинградское отд., 1987
  11. ^Esdale, Julie A. (September 19, 2008)."A Current Synthesis of the Northern Archaic".Arctic Anthropology.45 (2):3–38.doi:10.1353/arc.0.0006.ISSN 0066-6939.
  12. ^U.S. Government Printing Office (1900),Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey to the Secretary of the Interior
  13. ^"athabascan indians".www.aaanativearts.com.
  14. ^Derr, Mark (2004).A dogs history of America. North Point Press. p. 12
  15. ^Stockel, Henrietta (September 15, 2022).Salvation Through Slavery: Chiricahua Apaches and Priests on the Spanish Colonial Frontier. University of New Mexico Press.ISBN 978-0-8263-4327-7.These words do not explain why the Athabaskans initially left their home somewhere in Asia, probably Mongolia, to settle in cold country just south of the Arctic Circle.
  16. ^Bragg, Beth (February 15, 2015)."Famed Alaska musher George Attla dead at 81".Anchorage Daily News. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  17. ^Bohman, Amanda (June 18, 2017)."Athabascan elder reflects on her 96 years".Fairbanks Daily News-Miner. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  18. ^"Kathleen Carlo Kendall".Native Arts & Cultures Foundation. 2018. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  19. ^Cornish, Audie; O'Connor, Gabe (May 16, 2019)."Meet Quinn Christopherson, Winner Of The 2019 Tiny Desk Contest".NPR - All Things Considered. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  20. ^"From the First Beginning, When the Animals Were Talking".Artist’s Proof Editions. January 30, 2014. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  21. ^Rockey, Tim (November 7, 2021)."ANCSA leader Notti inducted into Native American Hall of Fame".Alaska's News Source. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  22. ^Sullivan, Meghan (March 8, 2021)."John C. Sackett: Champion of rural Alaska".ICT News. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  23. ^Little, Suzanne (July 25, 2019)."Federal Proposal Falls Short in Protecting Alaska's Public Lands".Pew. RetrievedMay 6, 2025.
  24. ^Welford, Gabrielle (1997)."Reflections on Mary TallMountain's Life and Writing: Facing Mirrors".Studies in American Indian Literatures.9 (2):61–68.
  25. ^McBride, Rhonda (November 25, 2022)."Giving thanks in 3 Alaska Native languages".KTOO Public Media. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  26. ^Lowen, Sara (June 16, 1988)."Bones of Contention".Chicago Reader. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
  27. ^Keenan, John (July 15, 2021)."Siobhan Wescott, MD, named LaFlesche Professor".University of Nebraska Medical Center. RetrievedFebruary 5, 2025.
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