| Personal information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Full name | Al-Saadi Muammar Gaddafi | ||
| Date of birth | (1973-05-25)25 May 1973 (age 52) | ||
| Place of birth | Tripoli,Libya | ||
| Height | 1.84 m (6 ft 0 in) | ||
| Position | Forward | ||
| Senior career* | |||
| Years | Team | Apps | (Gls) |
| 2000–2001 | Al-Ahly Tripoli | 14 | (3) |
| 2001–2003 | Al-Ittihad Tripoli | 74 | (24) |
| 2003–2004 | Perugia | 1 | (0) |
| 2005–2006 | Udinese | 1 | (0) |
| 2006–2007 | Sampdoria | 0 | (0) |
| Total | 90 | (27) | |
| International career | |||
| 2001–2003 | Libya | 3 | (0[1]) |
| * Club domestic league appearances and goals | |||
Al-Saadi Muammar Gaddafi, also spelt asAl-Saadi Moammer Al-Gaddafi (Arabic:الساعدي معمر القذافي; born 25 May 1973), is a Libyan retired professionalfootball player. He captainedthe national team, but his career was widely attributed to the influence of his fatherMuammar Gaddafi, the country's leader at the time.
In 2011, Gaddafi was the commander ofLibya's Special Forces and participated in theLibyan Civil War.[2] AnInterpol notice was issued against him in 2011.[3] In March 2014, he was arrested inNiger and extradited toLibya, where he faced murder charges,[4] which he was cleared of in 2018.[5] In August 2015, a video surfaced allegedly showing him being tortured.[6]
He was a central figure in theSNC-Lavalin scandal inCanada. In 2019,SNC-Lavalin, Canada's biggest engineering firm, pled guilty to paying Saadi $28 million inbribes to secure construction contracts in Libya.[7][8] SNC-Lavalin also allegedly paid over $2 million for Saadi's 2008 visit to Canada, including bodyguards, companion services, $10,000 to anescort service inVancouver, astrip club inMontreal, and box seats for aSpice Girls concert at theAir Canada Centre inToronto.[9]
He was released in September 2021 and left for Turkey.[10]
Gaddafi is known for his participation in Libyan football, which was arranged in his favor. One law forbade announcing the name of any football player with the exception of Gaddafi. Only numbers of other players were announced. Referees favored Gaddafi's club and security forces were used to silence protests.[11][12]
On 6 June 2000, the BBC reported that Gaddafi had signed with Maltese championsBirkirkara F.C. and would play for them in theChampions League.[13] The move failed to materialize. In 2003, he signed forItalianSerie A teamPerugia, employingDiego Maradona as his technical consultant and Canadian sprinterBen Johnson as his personal trainer.[14]
He made only one substitute appearance against Juventus for Perugia[15] before failing adrug test, due to presence in his system of the illegal substanceNandrolone.[16] An article inla Repubblica said that "Even at twice his current speed he would still be twice as slow as slow itself."[17]
He was captain of theLibya national football team, captain of his home club in Tripoli, and president of theLibyan Football Federation.[18]
Gaddafi joinedUEFA Champions League qualifiersUdinese Calcio in 2005–06, playing only 10 minutes in an end-of-season league match againstCagliari Calcio. He joinedU.C. Sampdoria during the 2006–07 season, without playing a single match.
In 2006, Al-Saadi Gaddafi and the Jamahiriya government launched a project to create a semi-autonomous city similar toHong Kong in Libya, stretching 40 km betweenTripoli and theTunisian border. The proposed new city would become a high tech, banking, medical and educational center not requiringvisas to enter. The city would have its own international airport and a major seaport. Gaddafi promised religious tolerance with both "synagogues and churches" and no discrimination in this new metropolis. The new city would have "Western-style" business laws that Saadi thought European and American companies would find welcoming and familiar.[19]
Gaddafi used to take great interest in the affairs of many of Libya's other business interests likeTamoil, the oil refining and marketing company owned by the Libyan government, before the overthrow of the regime.[19]
In July 2010, Gaddafi was ordered by an Italian court to pay €392,000 to a luxuriousLigurian hotel for an unpaid bill dating back to a month-long stay in the summer of 2007.[20]
Gaddafi is married to the daughter ofal-Khweildi al-Hmeidi, aLibyan military commander who was involved in the1969 Libyan coup d'état that brought Gaddafi to power.[21][22][23][24]
In 2009, a U.S. diplomatic cable called Gaddafi "the black sheep" of Muammar Gaddafi's family. It mentioned scuffles with European police, "abuse of drugs and alcohol, excessive partying" and "profligate affairs with women and men".[25] Gaddafi's bisexuality had partly prompted the arrangement of his marriage to the commander's daughter, the cable said. Saadi was having a relationship with Bulgarian national Dafinka Mircheva.[23] After the Battle of Tripoli in 2011, Saadi's former teammate atAl Ahly Tripoli and close friend,Reda Al Tawarghi, alleged that Saadi had jailed him for2+1⁄2 years for rejecting his "homosexual advances".[26][27]
On 27 February 2011, Saadi was interviewed byChristiane Amanpour onABC News, where he warned of imminent civil war and that if his father left Libya, the power vacuum would only lead to more chaos.[28][29] He also stated that he was looking for a lawyer to fight the travel ban against him levied byUN Security Council Resolution 1970.[30]
On 15 March 2011, there were unconfirmed reports that a pilot by the name of Muhammad Mokhtar Osman hadflown his jet into the Gaddafi stronghold ofBab al-Azizia in Tripoli damaging it and injuring him and his brotherKhamis.
Speaking to BBC Panorama, a former Jamahiriya soldier claimed that Gaddafi had personally ordered to shoot unarmed protesters in Benghazi when visiting the city's army barracks at the beginning of the uprising. Gaddafi confirmed that he had been at the barracks but denied giving orders to fire on protesters.[31]
Gaddafi was reportedly the driving force behind a change in fighting tactics of thegovernment's forces. Instead of using heavy infantry, tanks and armored cars – which could easily be distinguished from the Free Libyan Army and then destroyed by allied fighter jets – the fight against the rebels was pursued with small, fast and versatile units.[32]
The rebels claimed that they captured him during theBattle of Tripoli, on 21 August, but later the claim turned out to be false.
On 24 August, Gaddafi contactedCNN, stating that he had the authority to negotiate on behalf of loyalist forces, and wished to discuss a ceasefire with U.S. and NATO authorities.[33] A week later he contactedAl Arabiya, stating his father was ready to step down, and called for dialogue with theNational Transitional Council.[34]
On 5 September, Gaddafi said in an interview with CNN that an "aggressive" speech by his brotherSaif al-Islam had led to the breakdown of talks between NTC forces and Gaddafi loyalists inBani Walid, and said he had not seen his father in two months. Gaddafi also claimed a position of neutrality in the conflict and offered to mediate.[35]
On 11 September 2011, Gaddafi fled toNiger with the help of his Australian bodyguard, Gary Peters, and was allowed entrance on humanitarian grounds.[36][37][38] According to the government of Niger, they planned to detain Gaddafi while determining what to do with him.[39] Peters had also been trying to assemble a team to smuggle Saadi toBarbados orVenezuela.[40][41]
On 29 September 2011, an Interpolred notice was issued for Gaddafi.Brigi Rafini, the Prime minister of Niger said he would not allow Gaddafi to be extradited.[25]
On 11 November 2011, Niger's PresidentMahamadou Issoufou said his government had decided to grant Gaddafi asylum "on humanitarian grounds".[42]
On 7 December 2011, the Mexican Interior Secretary said that Mexican intelligence agents broke up a smuggling ring attempting to bring Gaddafi into Mexico under a false name.[43]
On 10 February 2012, Saadi called intoAl-Arabiya television by phone, where he claimed that he was in contact with Libyan tribes, militias, theNTC, the national army, and other members of the Gaddafi family from his hideout in Niger. He also claimed that a large-scale Gaddafi loyalist uprising was imminent, that the NTC was not legitimate, and that he was ready to return to Libya "at any minute."[44]
On 3 July 2012, theWashington Post reported that Saadi and his entourage had been dining out regularly at upscale restaurants and frequenting nightclubs inNiamey despite Niger's government claim that he was under house arrest. It was also reported that the state guesthouse he was allegedly under house arrest in was in fact "a luxurious, high-walled mansion in one of the city's most affluent neighborhoods, near the U.S. and French embassies."[45]
On 5 March 2014, Libya announced that Gaddafi had been extradited by Niger and was in Tripoli.[46] His lawyer, Nick Kaufman, protested about the move stating "extradition suggests that this was a legal process where Saadi Gadhafi was accorded a lawyer, a court hearing, and…it's not even clear to me that that even took place".[47] Later that month, Gaddafi gave an apology to the Libyan people from a Tripoli prison which was broadcast on Libyan state TV. He apologized for "all the harm I've caused and for disturbing the security and stability of Libya" and called for "those who carry weapons to hand over their weapons". He said he was being treated well in prison.[48]
In May 2015, Gaddafi appeared in a Tripoli court and was formally charged with unlawful imprisonment and murder for the 2005 killing of football player and coachBashir al-Riani.[49][50]
In early August 2015, a video surfaced that appeared to show a blindfolded Gaddafi being forced to listen to other men allegedly being tortured in the next room. Then the guards beat the man appearing to be Gaddafi on the feet as he screams, after asking him if preferred to be beaten on the feet or on his buttocks. "It does appear to be Saadi Gaddafi," one of his lawyers,Melinda Taylor, toldRT. "He looks the same in [the] sense [that] his head ... [had been] shaved which happened to him last year." No legal team appears to be present.[51]
International human rights groups and activists condemned the video, which appeared to have been recorded at al-Hadba prison in Tripoli, and was first released by Arabic network Clear News.[6]
"This is a shocking video that raises questions about conditions inside the prison," saidKarim Khan, a British attorney who represents Libya's former Prime ministerBaghdadi Mahmudi, who is also at al-Hadba. "The international community needs to demand a full investigation."[6]
In June 2017, Haitham Tajouri'sTripoli Revolutionaries' Brigade seized al-Hadba prison and relocated senior Gaddafi regime figures, including Saadi, to theRadisson Blu Al Mahary Hotel Tripoli.[52] While under interrogation by Tajouri's militia, Saadi claimed thatMohammed bin Zayed, thede facto ruler of theUAE, was working on a plan to bringSaif al-Islam Gaddafi to power in order to "calm the situation down" in Libya.[53]
An appeals court on 3 April 2018 cleared Saadi from the charge of murdering the footballer Bashir. He was however fined 500Libyan dinars and asuspended one-year prison term for drinking and possessing alcohol.[5]
As of 5 September 2021, he has been released from custody from al-Hadaba prison and left for Turkey, but Turkey's foreign ministry claimed it had "no knowledge" of Saadi's presence in Istanbul.[54][10][55] On 10 September 2021,Moussa Ibrahim confirmed that Saadi was in Turkey and that Egypt and Saudi Arabia had also offered to host Saadi.[56][57] It was claimed that Saadi's captors denied him the appropriate medical care.[58]
As of 2023, he was reported to reside in the Turkish city of Istanbul.[59]
