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| Al-Hasa Expedition Arabic:حملة الاحساء | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Ottoman EmpireSouthern Iraq union Sheikhdom of Kuwait |  Emirate of Nejd | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Midhat Pasha Nasser Pasha Abdullah II Al-Sabah Mubarak Al-Sabah | Saud bin Faisal  | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
10,000
| 25,000 | ||||||
TheAl-Hasa Expedition was anOttoman military campaign to annex theEl-Hasa region of eastern Arabia.[1] Ostensibly launched to assist ImamAbdullah bin Faisal in reclaiming control overNajd from his brotherSaud bin Faisal, the underlying motive was Medhat Pasha's ambition to extend Ottoman dominion over the Persian Gulf.[2]
Several months into his reign, on March 29, 1871, ImamAbdullah bin Faisal dispatched his envoy Abdul Aziz bin Suwailem toMedhat Pasha, theOttoman governor of Baghdad, seeking assistance in the conflict against his brotherSaud bin Faisal. Saud controlled the regions ofAl-Ahsa andQatif, territories that had been wrested from Imam Abdullah bin Faisal.[3]
The campaign departedBasra on April 20, comprising five infantry columns, a cavalry division and artillery units under the command of Lieutenant General Naser Pasha. Accompanying the force was the Sheikh ofAl-Muntafiq, leading approximately 1,000 volunteer horsemen from his tribe. Additional men from various other Iraqi tribes convened in the town ofAz Zubayr. Muhammad Saeed Effendi, son of the captain of supervision in Basra, also joined the commander in the expedition.
A naval contingent from Kuwait joined the campaign, provided by the ruler of Kuwait, SheikhAbdullah II Al-Sabah, who personally led a fleet of eighty ships. The fleet arrived atRas Tanura on May 13, 1871, coinciding with the Ottoman infantry's land march towards Al-Ahsa. From Ras Tanura, the forces progressed towardsQatif, engaging in fierce battles with Saud bin Faisal's supporters, resulting in Qatif's capture on June 3, 1871. Subsequently, the campaign advanced toDammam then toHofuf.
Following the Ottoman conquest of Al-Ahsa,Midhat Pasha reneged on his commitment to Imam Abdullah bin Faisal, and the province of Al-Ahsa was separated from thesecond Saudi state.Al Hasa was reincorporated into theOttoman Empire and became known as theNajd Sanjak. For his significant contributions to the campaign, SheikhAbdullah II Al-Sabah the ruler of Kuwait was bestowed the honorific title ofKaymakam by the Ottoman authorities.
"452 عبدالر حمن بن فيصل بن تر كي بن عبدالله آل سود (1268ـ1346) (1852ـ1928)".muqatel.com (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 4 November 2019. Retrieved4 October 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"الحملة العثمانية على الأحساء و موقف الإمام سعود بن فيصل بن تركي منها".aljzl.com (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved4 October 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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