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Anakuma (悪魔) is an evil spirit inJapanese folklore,[1][2] sometimes described in English-language sources as adevil ordemon.[2][3] An alternative name for the akuma isma (ま).[4]Akuma is the name assigned toSatan inJapanese Christianity, and theMara inJapanese Buddhism.
The earliest uses of the wordakuma are mainly found in Buddhist texts, but it also appears in literary works, especially those written during theHeian period (794–1185 AD).[5] Later, following the introduction ofChristianity to Japan,akuma became the customary way of translating the English wordSatan.[5]
An akuma is typically depicted as an entity with a fiery head and flaming eyes, and carrying a sword. It is said to be a harbinger of misfortune to those who see it.[4]
There have been attestations of people traditionally associating mental illness with the presence of akuma.[6]
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